Search results for "wheat"
showing 8 items of 288 documents
Straw uses trade-off only after soil organic carbon steady-state
2018
Soil organic matter (SOM) is the key for a healthy soil and a relevant property to achieve the sustainability on soil management. However, soils are still net exporters of organic matter. One example is the use of wheat straw residue for industrial and energy applications, which has gained attention in the last years. The offfarm use of this abundant and low cost resource should follow sustainability criteria to avoid soil degradation and SOM losses. Straw residue incorporation is recognized as a recommended management practice to control erosion and mitigate CO2 emissions by increasing SOM. The goal of this work was: i) to evaluate the steady-state carbon (C) level in relation to C input a…
New Strategies for the control of root and foot rot of durum wheat
2014
La nuisibilité directe des adventices en grandes cultures : quelles réponses nous apportent les essais désherbages ?
2016
The direct harmful effect of weeds in field crops : what do herbicide trials tell us ? Weeds are plants whose undesirable qualities (“harmfulness") outweigh their desirable qualities (trophic resources). Few studies conclude that weeds do not affect crop yield. However, it is difficult to generalize since weeds compete with crops for resources and these resources are spatially and temporally variable. This study analyzed 110 herbicide trials (untreated vs. treated plots) performed in France from 1993 to 2015 on three major grain crops: winter wheat, winter oilseed rape and sunflower. Significant yield losses were found in 92% of wheat trials (average over all trials: -2.6 t/ha), 51% of wint…
Effect of oil lamination between plasticized starch layers on film properties
2016
International audience; To reduce the hygroscopic character of biodegradable starch-based films, rapeseed oil was incorporated by lamination (starch-oil-starch 3-layers technique). The lipid lamination followed by starch solution casting step induced an emulsion type structure of dried films. Composite films are more opalescent and glossier than fatty free starch films. For all the films, structure is heterogeneous in the cross-section only. Adding fat induced a twice decrease of the tensile strength. Thermal gravimetry analysis did not show differences between films with and without oil. Lipid reduced the moisture absorption particularly at higher RH as well as the surface swelling index, …
Comparison of the mycelial growth of some Phellinus spp. isolates on different agar media
2017
Celem pracy było określenie i porównanie wzrostu grzybni Phellinus spp. Użyto dziewięciu izolatów z gatunków: P. torulosus, P. robustus, P. pomaceus, P. igniarius i P. pini, które uprawiano na czterech różnych pożywkach agarowych, aby określić ich przydatność dla rodzaju Phellinus. Zastosowano pożywki: ziemniaczano-glukozową (PDA), maltozową (MEA), pszenną (WA) i trocinowo-pszenną (SWA). Po 10 dniach inkubacji w 25°C zmierzono średnice kolonii. Artykuł prezentuje dane dotyczące wzrostu grzybni (G) i krótkie opisy koloni na MEA. Wszystkie izolaty wykazały mały wzrost na MEA i duży wzrost na WA, SWA i PDA. Wzrost grzybni wszystkich izolatów na poszczególnych pożywkach wyniósł odpowiednio: MEA…
A two-sided kingdom: a Sicily of export and urban grain supply
2020
The Sicilian provisioning system sought to guarantee both the subsistence of cities and the income of the great aristocratic landowners interested in the wheat market. A set of economic mechanisms, social practices and political conflicts unfolded around the urban Annonas, dealing with wheat and flour distribution, bread production, contracts for the procurement of supplies, and the price system of the mete, run by political élites. North-eastern Sicily was exclusively consumer, while the west central area produced surpluses for the foreign market and for the rest of the island, including the capital Palermo, and Messina, a rich and hungry city. The centralized office of the Maestro Portula…
Predominance of Type 1 Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Rectal Mucosa of Patients With Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity: Reversal After a Wheat-Free Diet.
2016
OBJECTIVES: Non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is defined as a reaction to ingested wheat after exclusion of celiac disease and wheat allergy. As its pathogenesis is incompletely understood, we evaluated the inflammatory response in the rectal mucosa of patients with well-defined NCWS. METHODS: The prospective study included 22 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like clinical presentation, diagnosed with NCWS by double-blind placebo-controlled challenge. Eight IBS patients not improving on wheat-free diet were used as controls. Two weeks after oral challenge was performed with 80 grams of wheat daily, cells were isolated from rectal biopsies and thoroughly characterized by fluore…