Search results for "wine"

Epidemiology ofSalmonella typhimurium: ribosomal DNA analysis of strains from human and animal sources

1993

SUMMARYSalmonella typhimuriumis the most frequently identified serovar ofSalmonellain Italy. This serovar is characterized by the widespread dissemination among human and non-human sources of phenotypically and genetically well-differentiated clones.In this study 457 strains ofS. typhimuriumisolated in Italy in the years 1982–91 from human and animal sources were submitted to characterization by the rDNA fingerprinting technique. Application of this typing method, after digestion of chromosomal DNA withHincII endonuclease, confirmed the greatest genetic differentiation of clones ofS. typhimurium, allowing reliable identification of 45 rDNA patterns linked into 9 major clusters. rDNA pattern…

Use of a species-specific multiplex PCR for the identification of pediococci.

2008

In this study, the 23S rRNA genes of nine different Pediococcus type strains were sequenced. By using a multiple sequence alignment with 23S rDNA sequences of related lactic acid bacteria two primer pairs were constructed, one for the general identification of the genus Pediococcus and one for the identification of the atypical species, P. dextrinicus. Furthermore, a primer set for a rapid multiplex PCR identification of the eight typical Pediococcus species was developed. With this technique, the species P. damnosus, P. parvulus, P. inopinatus, P. cellicola, P. pentosaceus, P. acidilactici, P. claussenii, and P. stilesii could be discriminated simultaneously in a single PCR. Experiments wi…

Simultaneous detection of Carnobacterium and Leuconostoc in meat products by multiplex PCR.

2004

M.C. MACIAN, E. CHENOLL AND R. AZNAR. 2004. Aims: To develop a multiplex PCR approach for simultaneous detection of Leuconostoc and Carnobacterium and its validation in meat products. Methods and Results: Two multiplex PCR assays were developed using newly designed 16S rDNA-directed primers adapted to the current taxonomic situation of genera Leuconostoc and Carnobacterium that allow: (i) simultaneous detection of both genera, and members of the nonmotile species of genus Carnobacterium and (ii) identification in a single assay of the nonmotile species C. divergens, C. maltaromicum and C. gallinarum. Sensitivity values of 10 3 and 10 4 CFU g )1 were determined for multiplex PCR detection of…

Lactic acid bacteria associated with vacuum-packed cooked meat product spoilage: population analysis by rDNA-based methods.

2007

Aim:  To determine the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) implicated in bloating spoilage of vacuum-packed and refrigerated meat products. Methods and Results:  A total of 18 samples corresponding to four types of meat products, with and without spoilage symptoms, were studied. In all, 387 colonies growing on de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe, yeast glucose lactose peptone and trypticase soy yeast extract plates were identified by internal spacer region (ISR), ISR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and rapid amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis profiles as Lactobacillus (37%), Leuconostoc (43%), Carnobacterium (11%), Enterococcus (4%) and Lactococcus (2%). Leuconostoc mesenteroides dominated …

16S-ARDRA, a tool for identification of lactic acid bacteria isolated from grape must and wine.

2003

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are found in a great variety of habitats, including grape must and wines. There is a close relationship between the species of LAB which develop during fermentation and the eventual quality of the wine. For these reasons analytical techniques allowing fast and reliable identification of wine LAB are needed. In this work a simple and accurate protocol for identifying species of LAB isolated from grape must and wine is presented. This protocol is based on the amplification, directly from colony, of 16S rDNA and later digestion with one of the following restriction enzymes BfaI, MseI and AluI. A sequential use of the three enzymes is proposed to simplify LAB wine ide…

Which lactic acid bacteria are responsible for histamine production in wine?

2005

Aims: To quantify the ability of 136 lactic acid bacteria (LAB), isolated from wine, to produce histamine and to identify the bacteria responsible for histamine production in wine. Methods and Results: A qualitative method based on pH changes in a plate assay was used to detect wine strains capable of producing high levels of histamine. Two quantitative, highly sensitive methods were used, an enzymatic method and HPLC, to quantify the histamine produced by LAB. Finally, an improved PCR test was carried out to detect the presence of histidine decarboxylase gene in these bacteria. The species exhibiting the highest frequency of histamine production is Oenococcus oeni. However, the concentrati…

SENSORY AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CERASUOLO DI VITTORIA RED WINE

2007

Comparison of conventional twist drill protocol and piezosurgery for implant insertion: an ex vivo study on different bone types.

2015

Objective The aim of this ex vivo study was to compare implant insertion procedures using piezosurgery and conventional drilling in different qualities of bone. Implant bed preparation time, generated heat, and primary implant stability were analyzed. Material and methods Fresh ex vivo porcine bone block samples (cancellous, mixed, and cortical bone) were obtained. The bone quality was quantified by ultrasound transmission velocity (UTV). Each bone sample received three implants of the same diameter using each of the techniques of piezosurgery and conventional twist drills. Time for preparation was taken and the temperature while performing the osteotomy was measured using infrared spectros…

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of sumatriptan after in vitro transdermal diffusion studies.

2004

A simple, accurate, precise and rapid HPLC method with UV detection has been validated in order to determine the in vitro transdermal absorption of sumatriptan succinate. The HPLC method is a modification of that described by Nozal et al. [M.J. Nozal, J.L. Bernal, L. Toribio, M.T. Martin, F.J. Diez, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 30 (2002) 285-291]. Separation was carried out on a 250 mm Kromasil C18 column at room temperature. The detector response, at 282.7 nm, was found to be linear in a concentration range between 0.145 and 145 microM. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.019 microM and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.145 microM.

Flow injection determination of free and total cholesterol in animal greases using enzymes in non-aqueous media

1998

A non-covalently coimmobilized bienzymic reactor of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and cholesterol oxidase (COD), operating in a continuous organic flowing stream of 1 × 10–3 M p-anisidine in buffer-saturated (pH 7.0) toluene, has been employed for cholesterol determination in animal greases, such as pig, beef, and chicken fat, and codfish liver oil. The method provides a good linear relationship up to 1.8 × 10–3 M cholesterol and average recoveries of 99.5%, a high sensitivity, with a detection limit of 1 × 10–6 M of cholesterol and a good precision (an interday RSD of 1.8% for the determination of total cholesterol in a codfish oil sample). The method permits the direct spectrophotometric d…