Search results for "wine"
showing 10 items of 1468 documents
The loss of the inducible Aspergillus carbonarius MFS transporter MfsA leads to ochratoxin A overproduction
2014
Ochratoxin A (OTA), a nephrotoxic compound produced by certain Aspergillus and Penicillium species, is one of the most abundant mycotoxins in food commodities. Aspergillus carbonarius is the main source of OTA in wine, grape juice and dried vine fruits. Although many studies have focused on OTA production by A. carbonarius, little is known about the genes related to OTA production and transport. We have found a transporter that belongs to the major facilitator superfamily (MfsA) which is highly expressed with a 102-fold induction in an ochratoxigenic A. carbonarius strain compared to a low OTA producer strain. The encoding mfsA gene shows similarity to the multidrug efflux transporter flu1 …
Genes differentially expressed by Aspergillus carbonarius strains under ochratoxin A producing conditions
2010
Aspergillus carbonarius is an important ochratoxin A (OTA)-producing fungus that is responsible for toxin contamination of grapes and wine, coffee and cocoa. A suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) approach was performed with two strains of A. carbonarius, antagonistic in their OTA-production ability, to identify genes whose expression is linked with the ability to produce OTA. BlastX analysis identified 109 differentially-expressed sequences putatively involved in the production of OTA, with significant similarities (Evalue < 10− 5) to sequences deposited in the NCBI non-redundant protein database. Of the 109 ESTs, 26% were involved in regulation processes, 15% corresponded to hypoth…
Real-time PCR based procedures for detection and quantification of Aspergillus carbonarius in wine grapes
2008
9 pages, 4 tables, 1 figure.
Characterization and disruption of the cipC gene in the ochratoxigenic fungus Aspergillus carbonarius
2013
Aspergillus carbonarius is considered the most important ochratoxin A (OTA) producing fungi among those causing OTA contamination in grapes and grape-derived products. CipC is a small protein with unknown function that was previously found to be highly up-regulated in an OTA producer strain of A. carbonarius in comparison to a non OTA producer strain. In this study, cipC was characterized and disrupted via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in an ochratoxigenic A. carbonarius strain in order to study whether this gene has a role in OTA production. Sequence analysis indicated that the promoter region of cipC contains putative binding sites for transcription factors that regula…
Optimization of a decellularized protocol of porcine tracheas. Long-term effects of cryopreservation. A histological study
2021
[EN] Objective: The aim of this study was to optimize a decellularization protocol in the trachea of Sus scrofa domestica (pig) as well as to study the effects of long-term cryopreservation on the extracellular matrix of decellularized tracheas. Methods: Porcine tracheas were decellularized using Triton X-100, SDC, and SDS alone or in combination. The effect of these detergents on the extracellular matrix characteristics of decellularized porcine tracheas was evaluated at the histological, biomechanical, and biocompatibility level. Morphometric approaches were used to estimate the effect of detergents on the collagen and elastic fibers content as well as on the removal of chondrocytes from …
Perceptual blending in odor mixtures depends on the nature of odorants and human olfactory expertise.
2012
International audience; Our olfactory system is confronted with complex mixtures of odorants, often recognized as single entities due to odor blending (e.g., coffee). In contrast, we are also able to discriminate odors from complex mixtures (e.g., off-odors). Therefore, the olfactory system is able to engage either configural or elemental processes when confronted with mixtures. However, the rules that govern the involvement of these processes during odor perception remain poorly understood. In our first experiment, we examined whether simple odorant mixtures (binary/ternary) could elicit configural perception. Twenty untrained subjects were asked to evaluate the odor typicality of mixtures…
Metabolic differences between a wild and a wine strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentation unveiled by multi‐omic analysis
2021
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a widespread yeast present both in the wild and in fermentative processes, like winemaking. During the colonization of these human‐associated fermentative environments, certain strains of S. cerevisiae acquired differential adaptive traits that enhanced their physiological properties to cope with the challenges imposed by these new ecological niches. The advent of omics technologies allowed unveiling some details of the molecular bases responsible for the peculiar traits of S. cerevisiae wine strains. However, the metabolic diversity within yeasts remained poorly explored, in particular that existing between wine and wild strains of S. cerevisiae. For this purpose,…
Isolated Lung Perfusion as an Adjuvant Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Lung Metastases: A Preclinical Study in a Pig Model
2012
BackgroundThe lung is a frequent site of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases. After surgical resection, lung metastases recurrences have been related to the presence of micrometastases, potentially accessible to a high dose chemotherapy administered via adjuvant isolated lung perfusion (ILP). We sought to determine in vitro the most efficient drug when administered to CRC cell lines during a short exposure and in vivo its immediate and delayed tolerance when administered via ILP.MethodsFirst, efficacy of various cytotoxic molecules against a panel of human CRC cell lines was tested in vitro using cytotoxic assay after a 30-minute exposure. Then, early (operative) and delayed (1 month) tolera…
Molar masses and structure in solution of haemoglobin hyperpolymers--a common calibration of size exclusion chromatography of these artificial oxygen…
1997
We are developing artificial oxygen carriers for medical use, based on synthetic polymers--so-called hyperpolymers--obtained by cross-linking mammalian haemoglobins. One requirement with respect to the polymers is that they should not increase the oncotic pressure of blood remarkably--this can be realized by high molecular weights of the polymers with a narrow distribution. They may act as a oxygen transporting blood additive, and--in combination with a plasma expander--as a blood substitute. Another important and desired property of the artificial oxygen carrier is a low viscosity, which--first--is due to a high degree of uniformity of the polymer size (or molar mass) distribution and--sec…
Product information, hedonic evaluation, and purchase decision: an experimental study of orange juice
2007
AbstractTwo randomly sampled groups of subjects were endowed with real budgets and placed in 5 different budget/price situations. In each situation they had to evaluate 6 orange juices and complete a demand table. At the end of the experiment, one demand table was randomly selected and participants had to buy the corresponding products. In one group, participants choose after looking at the packaging in the other they could also taste the products. Results show that participants who chose without tasting, made quicker decisions, selected a larger number of variants and were more influenced by prices than those who could taste the products. Although choices appeared very heterogeneous, most …