Search results for "wistar"

showing 10 items of 1094 documents

The sensorimotor and cognitive deficits in rats following 90- and 120-min transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery

2012

Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is the most commonly used method to study the neurological and histological outcomes and the pathological mechanisms of ischaemic stroke. The current work compares sensorimotor and cognitive deficits and the infarct volume in rats following a transient 90- or 120-min MCAO, which allows the appropriate behavioural tests to be chosen based on the goal and design of the experiment. In the beam-walking test, we found significant differences between the 90- and 120-min MCAO groups in the number of foot faults made with the impaired hindlimb on post-stroke days 3, 7 and 14. In the cylinder test, a difference between the 90- and 120-min groups was observed o…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyInfarctionStimulationHindlimbmedicine.arteryInternal medicineOcclusionmedicineAnimalsMemory impairmentcardiovascular diseasesRats WistarStrokeProprioceptionbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceMotor CortexInfarction Middle Cerebral ArterySomatosensory Cortexmedicine.diseaseRatsSurgeryDisease Models AnimalMiddle cerebral arterycardiovascular systemCardiologyCognition DisordersbusinessJournal of Neuroscience Methods
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On the number of measurement sites required to assess regional cerebral blood flow by laser-Doppler scanning during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

2001

The aim of this study was to determine whether the number of measurement sites affected the precision of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment by Laser-Doppler (LD). A simulation study was applied based on data obtained by scanning the cortex in 25 rats during baseline conditions, 15 min global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Random samples were repeatedly collected from 1 to 100 locations and deviations from the median of the entire CBF data pool (800 locations) were determined. Single location CBF measurements missed the true median by 24.8+/-2.2 LD-units (baseline conditions, n=100 simulations, mean+/-SEM), 2.7+/-0.6 LD-units (ischemia), and 31.9+/-2.4 LD-units (30th min reper…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyIschemiaHemodynamicsBrain IschemiaInternal medicinemedicineLaser-Doppler FlowmetryAnimalsRats WistarObserver VariationMeasurement methodbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceReproducibility of ResultsBlood flowLaser Doppler velocimetrymedicine.diseaseRatsCerebral blood flowAnesthesiaCerebrovascular CirculationReperfusion InjuryCardiologybusinessObserver variationJournal of neuroscience methods
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Cerebral embolic ischemia in rats: correlation of stroke severity and functional deficit as important outcome parameter.

2006

The embolic MCA occlusion model in rats is used for recanalisation studies in acute stroke. In addition to the determination of lesion size, the assessment of functional outcome may improve the value of this model. Male Wistar rats were submitted to MCA clot embolism or sham surgery. In order to achieve a larger variety of lesion volume, 2 subgroups (each 7 animals) were subjected to differently sized emboli (30 and 40 mm). Follow-up period was 6 days. Outcome assessment consisted of a test battery including parallel bar crossing, observation of behaviour in an open field and an 8-arm maze and a neurological score with ten different sensorimotor and coordinative items. Animals were perfusio…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyIschemiaMotor ActivitySeverity of Illness IndexOpen fieldStatistics NonparametricBrain IschemiaCentral nervous system diseaseLesionDisability EvaluationInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsRats WistarMolecular BiologyStrokeAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industryVascular diseaseGeneral NeuroscienceSham surgeryBrainRecovery of Functionmedicine.diseaseSurgeryRatsStrokeDisease Models AnimalTreatment OutcomeEmbolismIntracranial EmbolismCardiologyExploratory BehaviorNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessDevelopmental BiologyBehavioral ResearchBrain research
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Chronic l-DOPA treatment increases striatal cannabinoid CB1 receptor mRNA expression in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats

2000

Abstract The effect of a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the left medial forebrain bundle and 3 weeks treatment with l -DOPA of normal and 6-OHDA lesioned rats on CB1r mRNA expression was investigated by in situ hybridization. A 6-OHDA lesion of nigrostriatal pathway alone, confirmed by the loss of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA, did not alter CB1r mRNA levels in the dopamine depleted striatum. Similarly, chronic l -DOPA treatment of normal rats had no effect on striatal CB1r mRNA expression. In contrast, chronic l -DOPA treatment of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats significantly increased CB1r mRNA expression in the denervated striatum. These results suggest that the CB1r activity ma…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLevodopaanimal structuresTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseReceptors DrugDopamine Agents-DOPANigrostriatal pathwayStriatumBiologySubthalamic nucleusStriatumLevodopaLesionAdrenergic AgentsDopamineInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRats WistarOxidopamineReceptors CannabinoidMedial forebrain bundleHydroxydopamineTyrosine hydroxylaseGeneral NeuroscienceMedial Forebrain BundleParkinson DiseaseCorpus StriatumRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologynervous systemSettore BIO/14 - Farmacologiamedicine.symptomCannabinoid CB1 receptor mRNA6-Hydroxydopaminemedicine.drugNeuroscience Letters
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Evaluation of immunologic effect of Enniatin A and quantitative determination in feces, urine and serum on treated Wistar rats.

2014

Abstract Study of dietary supplementation with ENN A mycotoxin during 28 days of exposure time on Wistar rats to determinate its levels in serum, urine and feces and, to evaluate the immunologic effect in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) is presented. The first method for ENN A extraction, determination and detection by LC–MS/MS in serum, urine and feces samples is reported. ENN A food dose administrated was detected in serum samples and influenced lymphocyte phenotyping. Levels in serum were founded from the second week of the experiment; reaching values of 4.76 μg/ml on the fourth week, which corresponds to 3.24 μg/ml in blood. PBL as T helper (CD4 + ) were presented in greater percenta…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLymphocyteCD4-CD8 RatioUrineBiologyToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundEatingFecesAntigenIn vivoInternal medicineDepsipeptidesmedicineCytotoxic T cellAnimalsLymphocytesRats WistarMycotoxinFecesBody WeightDietRatsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCD8Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
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Gender-dependent behavioural impairment and brain metabolites in young adult rats after short term exposure to lead acetate

2012

We investigated the behavioural effects of short-term lead (Pb) exposure in adult rats producing blood Pb concentration (<10. μg/dL) below those associated with neurological impairment in occupationally exposed individuals. In order to assess gender differences, we performed parallel behavioural experiments in male and female rats. Exposure to Pb acetate (50. mg/L in drinking water) for 30-45 days induced behavioural alterations consisting in hyperactivity in a novel environment and impairment of spatial memory. These effects were observed only in male rats. Object recognition, motor coordination were unaffected by Pb exposure. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows . in vivo assessment of …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMetaboliteGlutamineCentral nervous systemHippocampusGlutamic AcidMotor ActivityToxicologyCreatineCholinechemistry.chemical_compoundSex FactorsMemoryInternal medicinemedicineOrganometallic CompoundsCholineAnimalsRats WistarMaze LearningBrain ChemistryAspartic AcidGlutamate receptorRecognition PsychologyGeneral MedicineCreatineMotor coordinationRatsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryLead acetateFemaleInositolPsychomotor Performance
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NEONATAL CAPSAICIN TREATMENT DOES NOT PREVENT SPLANCHNIC VASODILATATION IN PORTAL-HYPERTENSIVE RATS

1994

It has been suggested that the peripheral sensory neurons are involved in the splanchnic hemodynamic changes of portal hypertension. Therefore the influence of permanent ablation of sensory neurons by neonatal capsaicin pretreatment (50 mg/kg, subcutaneously) on the development of the hyperdynamic splanchnic circulation in portal-hypertensive rats was studied. In adulthood, portal hypertension was induced with partial portal vein ligation. In study 1, systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics were measured by means of a radiolabeled-microsphere technique in portal-hypertensive rats, under ketamine anesthesia, pretreated with capsaicin or vehicle. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac index…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyMean arterial pressureCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptidePortal venous pressureHemodynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineHypertension PortalmedicineAnimalsNeurons AfferentSplanchnic CirculationRats WistarHepatologySplanchnic Circulationbusiness.industryHemodynamicsmedicine.diseaseRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyAnimals NewbornchemistryGastric MucosaRegional Blood FlowCapsaicinVascular resistancePortal hypertensionCapsaicinSplanchnicbusinessDigestive SystemDilatation Pathologic
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Evaluation of chronic alcohol self-administration by a 3-bottle choice paradigm in adult male rats. Effects on behavioural reactivity, spatial learni…

2011

Chronic ethanol consumption is able to modify emotional behaviour and cognition in humans. In particular, the effects exerted by alcohol may depend on doses, time and modalities of administration. In this study we investigated, in adult male rats, ethanol self-administration and preference patterns using a 3-bottle choice paradigm with water, 10% ethanol solution, and white wine (10%, v/v), along a four-week period. The influence of alcohol free-access on novelty-induced explorative behaviour in the open field, and on spatial learning and reference memory in the Morris water maze was also evaluated. Our results indicate that: (i) rats show a higher preference for alcohol, in the first two w…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyMemory Long-TermMorris water navigation taskAlcoholSpatial learningReversal LearningSelf AdministrationWineAlcohol self-administrationAudiologyMotor ActivityChoice BehaviorOpen fieldDevelopmental psychologyBehavioral Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundEatingmedicineAnimalsRats WistarAlcoholic preferenceMaze LearningEthanolSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaBehavior AnimalDose-Response Relationship DrugEthanolExplorative behaviourBody WeightFree-choice paradigmCentral Nervous System DepressantsWaterCognitionPreferenceRatschemistryReference memoryWhite WineSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaExploratory BehaviorAlcohol self-administration; Free-choice paradigm; Alcoholic preference; Explorative behaviour; Spatial learning; Reference memorySelf-administrationPsychologyBehavioural brain research
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Disposition of acamprosate in the rat: Influence of probenecid

2002

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the disposition of acamprosate (calcium bis acetyl-homotaurine) in the rat. Initially, we studied the linearity of acamprosate disposition and the fraction of acamprosate excreted unchanged in the urine of the animals. Rats received 9.3, 36.6 or 73.3 mg/kg of the drug as an intravenous bolus. The statistical analysis of the pharmacokinetic parameters did not reveal any significant difference, indicating that acamprosate disposition was linear within the range of the doses assayed. On average, 95% of the administered dose was excreted unchanged in the urine of the animals in the 0-6 h post-administration period indicating that renal excreti…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyMetabolic Clearance RateTaurineAcamprosatePharmaceutical ScienceRenal functionUrinePharmacologyPharmacokineticsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsPharmacology (medical)Rats WistarPharmacologyKidneyProbenecidChemistryGeneral MedicineDrug interactionRatsProbenecidEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureAcamprosateRenal physiologyInjections Intravenousmedicine.drugBiopharmaceutics &amp; Drug Disposition
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Environmental enrichment promotes neurogenesis and changes the extracellular concentrations of glutamate and GABA in the hippocampus of aged rats.

2005

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of environmental enrichment on the neurogenesis and the extracellular concentrations of glutamate and GABA in the hippocampus of freely moving young and aged rats. Male Wistar rats of 2 (young) and 25 (old) months of age were housed during 8 weeks in an enriched environment; control rats were kept in individual plastic cages during that same period of time. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU; 40 mg/kg; 7 days) during the fourth week of the housing period to detect neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. Rats were sacrified 6 weeks after the last injection of BrdU. During the last we…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyMicrodialysisAgingMicrodialysisHippocampusGlutamic AcidCell CountWater mazeEnvironmentHippocampusInternal medicineExtracellularmedicineElectrochemistryReaction TimeAnimalsHumansRats WistarChromatography High Pressure Liquidgamma-Aminobutyric AcidNeuronsEnvironmental enrichmentAnalysis of VarianceChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceDentate gyrusNeurogenesisGlutamate receptorImmunohistochemistryRatsEndocrinologynervous systemBromodeoxyuridineExtracellular SpaceNeuroscienceBrain research bulletin
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