Search results for "wistar"
showing 10 items of 1094 documents
Protective Effects of Foam Rolling against Inflammation and Notexin Induced Muscle Damage in Rats
2019
It is known that high-intensity exercise can cause inflammation and damage in muscle tissue, and in recent years, physical therapists and fitness professionals have begun to use foam rolling as a recovery method to improve performance. Despite the lack of basic science studies to support or refute the efficacy of foam rolling, the technique is very widely used in the sports world. In this respect, we investigated whether foam rolling could attenuate muscle damage and inflammation. Female Wistar rats were assigned to control (C), foam rolling (FR), notexin without foam rolling (N) and notexin with foam rolling (NFR) groups. A 4.5 x 2 cm foam roller was used to massage their hind legs (two 60…
The effects of glutamate receptor antagonists on cerebellar granule cell survival and development.
2007
N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor stimulation promotes neuronal survival and differentiation under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. We studied the effects of various NMDA receptor antagonists acting at different NMDA receptor binding sites and non-NMDA receptor antagonists on the development and survival of cerebellar granule cell (CGC) culture. Only three of the drugs tested induced neurotoxicity-MK-801 (non-competitive NMDA channel blocking antagonist), ifenprodil (an antagonist of the NR2B site and polyamine site of the NMDA receptor) and L-701.324 (full antagonist at glycine site), while CGP-37849 (a competitive NMDA antagonist), (+)-HA-966 (a partial agonist of the glycine site…
Distribution of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) in the central and peripheral nervous systems of the rat.
1994
Expression of the acetylcholine biosynthetic enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), and the high-affinity plasma membrane choline transporter uniquely defines the cholinergic phenotype in the mammalian central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous systems. The distribution of cells expressing the messenger RNA encoding the recently cloned VAChT in the rat CNS and PNS is described here. The pattern of expression of VAChT mRNA is consistent with anatomical, pharmacological, and histochemical information on the distribution of functional cholinergic neurons in the brain and peripheral tissues of the rat. VAChT mRNA-containing cells are present in…
Changes in NMDA-receptor function in the first week following laser-induced lesions in rat visual cortex.
2011
Focal brain injuries are accompanied by processes of functional reorganization that partially compensate the functional loss. In a previous study, extracellular recordings at the border of a laser-induced lesion in the visual cortex of rats showed an enhanced synaptic plasticity, which was mediated by the activity of NR2B-contaning NMDA-receptors (NMDARs) shedding light on the potential cellular mechanisms underlying this reorganization. Given the potentially important contribution of NMDARs in processes of functional reorganization, in the present study, we used the same lesion model to further investigate lesion-induced changes in function and localization of NMDARs in the vicinity of the…
Functional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on subplate neurons in neonatal rat somatosensory cortex.
2004
The establishment of cortical synaptic circuits during early development requires the presence of subplate neurons (SPn's), a heterogeneous population of neurons capable to integrate and process synaptic information from the thalamus, cortical plate, and neighboring SPn's. An accumulation of cholinergic afferents and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) has been documentated in the subplate around birth. To assess the developmental role of the cholinergic innervation onto SPn's, we used whole cell patch-clamp recordings of visually identified and biocytin-labeled SPn's in neonatal rat somatosensory cortex. Functional nAChRs were present in 92% of the investigated SPn's. Activation of…
Screening of some rare endemic Italian plants for inhibitory activity on 5-lipoxygenase
2003
Abstract The extracts of four rare plants found on the islands of Sicily, Vulcano and Marettimo, Southern Italy, were screened for their inhibitory effect on the production of leukotriene B 4 by 5-lipoxygenase in intact cells. The methanol extracts of pods of Cytisus aeolicus and aerial parts of Thymus richardii were the most active extracts, inhibiting almost completely the leukotriene B 4 production at 200 and 50 μg/ml, respectively.
Characterization of somatostatin- and cholecystokinin-immunoreactive periglomerular cells in the rat olfactory bulb.
2005
Periglomerular cells (PG) are interneurons of the olfactory bulb (OB) that modulate the first synaptic relay of the olfactory information from the olfactory nerve to the dendrites of the bulbar principal cells. Previous investigations have pointed to the heterogeneity of these interneurons and have demonstrated the presence of two different types of PG. In the rat OB, type 1 PG receive synaptic contacts from the olfactory axons and are γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic, whereas type 2 PG do not receive synaptic contacts from the olfactory axons and are GABA immunonegative. In this study, we analyze and characterize neurochemically a group of PG that has not been previously classified either …
Rat olfactory bulb and epithelium UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 (UGT2A1) expression: in situ mRNA localization and quantitative analysis.
2001
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) form a multigenic family of enzymes involved in the biotransformation and elimination of numerous endo- and xenobiotic compounds. Beside the diverse UGT isoforms present in the liver as well as in other tissues, the UGT2A1 isoform, also called olfactory UGT, was initially thought to be expressed in the nasal epithelium only. In this work, we demonstrate the UGT2A1 mRNA expression in the olfactory bulb, using in situ hybridization and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques. Within the epithelium, UGT2A1 mRNA is mainly found in the sustentacular cells and to a lesser extent in Bowman's gland cells. Moreover, in situ…
Distribution of the A3 subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels in the main olfactory bulb of the rat.
2008
Previous data suggest that cyclic GMP (cGMP) signaling can play key roles in the circuitry of the olfactory bulb (OB). Therefore, the expression of cGMP-selective subunits of the cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGs) can be expected in this brain region. In the present study, we demonstrate a widespread expression of the cGMP-selective A3 subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGA3) in the rat OB. CNGA3 appears in principal cells, including mitral cells and internal, medium and external tufted cells. Moreover, it appears in two populations of interneurons, including a subset of periglomerular cells and a group of deep short-axon cells. In addition to neurons, CNGA3-immu…
Synaptic connectivity of serotonergic axons in the olfactory glomeruli of the rat olfactory bulb.
2010
Although the major mode of transmission for serotonin in the brain is volume transmission, previous anatomical studies have demonstrated that serotonergic axons do form synaptic contacts. The olfactory glomeruli of the olfactory bulb of mammals receive a strong serotonergic innervation from the dorsal and medial raphe nuclei. In the present report, we investigate the synaptic connectivity of these serotonergic axons in the glomerular neuropil of the rat olfactory bulb. Our study shows that serotonergic axons form asymmetrical synaptic contacts on dendrites within the glomerular neuropil. Analyzing the neurochemical nature of the synaptic targets, we have found that 55% of the synapses were …