Search results for "wistar"
showing 10 items of 1094 documents
The triaminopyridine flupirtine prevents cell death in rat cortical cells induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate and gp120 of HIV-1.
1994
Abstract Flupirtine, a triaminopyridine derivative, is a non-opiate centrally acting analgesic agent with muscle relaxant properties. Now we show that this drug displays a potent cytoprotective effect on neurons (rat cortical cells) treated with (i) the excitatory amino acid N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) or (ii) with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coat protein gp120. In the absence of the drug the two agents cause a >90% reduction of cell viability after a 18 h incubation. During this period the DNA in the cells undergoes fragmentation and shows a pattern which is typical for cell death. If the neurons were preincubated with flupirtine for 2 h and subsequently exposed to th…
Excitotoxin-induced changes in transglutaminase during differentiation of cerebellar granule cells
2002
Excitotoxicity induced by NMDA receptor stimulation is able to increase the activity of many enzymes involved in neuronal cell death. Primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells were used to elucidate the role of transglutaminase reaction in the excitotoxic cell response, and to evaluate the role of glutamate receptors in cell survival and degeneration. Granule neurons, maintained in vitro for two weeks, were exposed to NMDA at different stages of differentiation. Following NMDA receptor activation, increases in transglutaminase activity were observed in cell cultures. The levels of enzyme activity were higher in cells at 5 days in vitro than in those at 8-9 or 13-14 days in vitro. Mor…
Calcitonin gene-related peptide partly protects cultured smooth muscle cells from apoptosis induced by an oxidative stress via activation of ERK1/2 M…
2003
Abstract Oxidative stress induced by a glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO) generator system dose-dependently decreased the viability of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) as estimated by MTT assay. Cell death was induced in 40% of cells exposed to 0.2 IU/ml of the free radical generating mixture. Annexin-V labeling, Hoechst staining together with DNA laddering demonstrated that apoptosis was responsible for this cell loss. Pretreatment of the cells with 10−8 M calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) significantly attenuated the damaging effect of the oxidative stress. Indeed, cell viability was estimated to be 80% in CGRP-treated group, instead of 60% in absence of CGRP treatment. This …
Proteomics evaluation of enniatins acute toxicity in rat liver
2021
Abstract Enniatins (ENs) are emerging mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi which are cytotoxic also at low concentrations due to its ionophoric properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatic toxicity of ENs exposure at different concentrations in Wistar rats through a proteomic approach. Animals were intoxicated by oral gavage with medium (EN A 256, ENA1 353, ENB 540, ENB1 296 μg/mL) and high concentrations (ENA 513, ENA1 706, ENB 1021, ENB1 593 μg/mL) of an ENs mixture and sacrificed after 8 h. Protein extraction was performed using powdered liver. Peptides were analyzed using a liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Proteins were …
Identification of proteins in excretory/secretory extracts of Echinostoma friedi (Trematoda) from chronic and acute infections.
2006
In the present study, we describe the investigation of Echinostoma friedi excretory/secretory products using a proteomic approach combined with the use of heterologous antibodies. We have identified 18 protein spots corresponding to ten proteins, including cytoskeletal proteins like actin, tropomyosin, and paramyosin; glycolytic enzymes like enolase, glyceraldehyde 3P dehydrogenase, and aldolase; detoxifying enzymes like GSTs; and stress proteins like heat shock protein (Hsp) 70. Among these proteins, both actin and, to a lesser extent, Hsp70, exhibited differential expression patterns between chronic and acute infections in the Echinostoma-rodent model, suggesting that these proteins may p…
Proteomic analysis of the pinworm Syphacia muris (Nematoda: Oxyuridae), a parasite of laboratory rats
2012
Syphacia muris (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) is a ubiquitous nematode that commonly infects rats in the laboratory which can interfere in the development of biological assays. The somatic extract of S. muris adults collected from infected rats was investigated using a proteomic approach. A shot-gun liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry procedure was used. We used the MASCOT search engine (Matrix-Science) and ProteinPilot software v2.0 (Applied Biosystems) for the database search. A total of 359 proteins were accurately identified from the worms. The largest protein families consisted of metabolic enzymes and those involved in the nucleic metabolism and cell cycle. Proteins of transmembrane…
Hypoxia-induced dysfunction of rat diaphragm
2004
Contains fulltext : 47331.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Oxidants may play a role in hypoxia-induced respiratory muscle dysfunction. In the present study we hypothesized that hypoxia-induced impairment in diaphragm contractility is associated with elevated peroxynitrite generation. In addition, we hypothesized that strenuous contractility of the diaphragm increases peroxynitrite formation. In vitro force-frequency relationship, isotonic fatigability, and nitrotyrosine levels were assessed under hypoxic (Po(2) approximately 6.5 kPa) and hyperoxic (Po(2) approximately 88.2 kPa) control conditions and also in the presence of authentic peroxynitrite (60 min), ebselen (60 min), and t…
Theophylline suppresses the release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha by blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages.
1994
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of theophylline on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release by human blood monocytes (BMo), and rat BMo and alveolar macrophages (AM). BMo and AM were incubated in the absence or presence of theophylline, and the cell-free supernatants were harvested and tested for TNF-alpha activity by bioassay. Theophylline dose-dependently reduced TNF-alpha release by human BMo: significant inhibition was observed at 100 microns (41 +/- 5.9% of controls) and at 50 microns (59 +/- 4.8% of controls), while the inhibitory activity of theophylline at 10 microns (71 +/- 8.9% of controls) was not statistically significant. This activity was maximal a…
A new pyrazolo pyrimidine derivative inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 with anti-angiogenic activity
2003
In a previous study, we reported a new pyrazolo pyrimidine derivative, N(4)-benzyl-N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-1-1(tert-butyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-6,4-diamine (DPP), which inhibited potently cyclooxygenase-2 activity in intact cell assays with minor activity against cyclooxygenase-1 (IC(50)=0.9 nM for cyclooxygenase-2 versus IC(50)=59.6 nM for cyclooxygenase-1). In the present work, this behaviour was confirmed in vivo by using the 24-h zymosan-injected mouse air pouch model (ID(50)=1.36 nM/pouch for prostaglandin E(2) level). We also studied the possible beneficial effect of DPP in the angiogenesis-dependent murine air pouch granuloma and rat paw carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia models. DP…
Transintestinal secretion of ciprofloxacin, grepafloxacin and sparfloxacin: in vitro and in situ inhibition studies.
2003
The influence of the secretion process on the absorption of ciprofloxacin, grepafloxacin and sparfloxacin has been evaluated by means of inhibition studies. Two well known P-glycoprotein inhibitors (cyclosporine, verapamil), a mixed inhibitor of P-glycoprotein and the organic cation transporter OCT1 (quinidine) and a well established MRP substrate (p-aminohipuric acid) have been selected in order to distinguish the possible carriers implicated. An in situ rat gut perfusion model and CACO-2 permeability studies are used. Both methods suggest the involvement of several types of efflux transporters for every fluoroquinolone. The relevance of the secretory pathway depends on the intrinsic perme…