Search results for "zoology"
showing 10 items of 4160 documents
Effect of propylene glycol on pre- and post-partum performance by dairy ewes
2005
This study was carried out in order to determine the effects, after feeding propylene glycol to Valle del Belice ewes 30 days prepartum and 30 days postpartum, on metabolic profiles, body-condition score, milk yield, milk composition, milk clotting ability and the performance of suckling lambs. Ewes were blocked by parity, body-condition score and previous milk production, and assigned randomly to either a control diet or a diet containing propylene glycol fed at the rate of 80 g/ewe/day (low PG) or 160 g/ewe/day (high PG). Feeding propylene glycol prepartum decreased the concentration of BHBA and NEFA and increased the concentration of glucose in the ewes’ plasma. Milk yield from ewes fed …
Pheromones linked to sexual behaviors excite the appetitive phase of feeding behavior of Aplysia fasciata . I. Modulation and excitation of appetitiv…
1998
Pheromones presumably secreted by mating conspecifics – as well as homogenates containing tissue that is homologous with the atrial gland – increase the time that Aplysia fasciata spend feeding. This effect is caused by increasing the number of feeding episodes initiated in response to food, whereas the duration of a feeding bout remains unchanged. The increase in the number of feeding episodes is related to increases in head waving and crawling, i.e., appetitive movements that bring the animal into contact with food, as well as an increase in the responsiveness to food after it is contacted. Releasing a homogenate containing atrial gland tissue, or egg laying hormone, in the water near the…
Electrical responses of homing pigeon and guinea pig Purkinje cells to pineal indoleamines applied by microelectrophoresis
1984
The effects of microelectrophoretically applied melatonin (aMT), 5-methoxytryptophol (ML), 5-hydroxytryptophol (HL) and noradrenaline (NA) on the electrical activity of cerebellar Purkinje and other cells during both day- and nighttime were studied in urethane-anesthetized intact and pinealectomized homing pigeons and guinea pigs.
Pheromones linked to sexual behaviors excite the appetitive phase of feeding behavior of Aplysia fasciata II. Excitation of C-PR, a neuron involved i…
1998
Pheromones presumably released by conspecifics amplify both the appetitive and the consummatory components of feeding in Aplysia. These effects can be mimicked by administering homogenate of the large hermaphroditic duct containing atrial gland tissue, as well as peptides from the bag cells. Identified cerebro-pedal regulator (C-PR) neuron is thought to command various behaviors that comprise the appetitive phase of feeding. In a reduced preparation, we investigated the effects on the C-PR of applying these substances to the rhinophores, the sensory organs which detect pheromones. Stimuli that excite feeding in the animal were also found to affect the C-PR. Large hermaphroditic duct homogen…
Connection between body condition score, chemical characteristics of body and reproductive traits of rabbit does.
2008
Abstract Body condition scoring (BCS) is widely used to evaluate the nutritional status of livestock (cows, ewes, sows). In intensive systems, rabbit does are generally inseminated 11 days post partum and, due to a hormonal antagonism and an energy deficit caused by concurrent lactation and pregnancy, they show low fertility. The aim of this investigation was to assess an in vivo method for scoring the body condition of does by verifying the association with the body fat depots, the chemical composition of body tissues, the ovarian status, the hormonal response and the reproductive performance. The evaluation of BCS, involving 66 multiparous lactating does inseminated at 11 days post partum…
Geschlecht und Gender in der Medizin
2005
Gender specific medicine is a part of gender-research, which has been insufficiently considered up to the present in medicine, sanitation and politics. Part of the scientific medicine simply ignores the knowledge that menand women are different in feeling, thinking and social acting without any question. Doctors often incline to treat all their patients as if there was just one gender: i. e. the male one. It is without dispute that men and women vastly suffer from the same diseases, but they often go through them quite differently. The female body seems to work differently from the male one in nearly all respects - starting with the brain, going on with the heart, cardiovascular, lungs, sto…
Behaviour influences cholesterol plasma levels in a pig model
2012
Little is known about the relationship between feed intake behaviour and cholesterol levels in humans. This can be attributed to the fact that feed intake behaviour in humans is difficult to assess. The relationships between feed intake, feed efficiency and feed intake behaviour, and cholesterol and triglyceride levels were investigated at an average age of 187 days, in a pig model consisting of 202 Duroc barrows. Feed intake and feed intake behaviour were recorded individually and daily by means of an electronic identification system. Animals with high levels of total cholesterol also had high levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycer…
The toxic and lethal effects of the trehalase inhibitor trehazolin in locusts are caused by hypoglycaemia
2003
SUMMARY The main blood sugar of locusts is trehalose, which is hydrolysed to two glucose units by trehalase. Homogenates of locust flight muscles are rich in trehalase activity, which is bound to membranes. A minor fraction of trehalase is in an overt form while the remainder is latent, i.e. active only after impairing membrane integrity. Trehazolin, an antibiotic pseudosaccharide,inhibits locust flight muscle trehalase with apparent Ki-and EC50 values of 10–8 mol l–1and 10–7 mol l–1, respectively. Trehazolin is insecticidal: 50 μg injected into locusts completely and selectively blocked the overt form of muscle trehalase (with little effect on latent activity) and killed 50% of the insects…
Ovicidal Activity of Maternally Applied Ecdysteroids in the Large Milkweed Bug (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)
1982
Exogenous ecdysteroids (ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone and makisterone A) administered to reproducing females of Oncopelus fasciatus (Dallas) reduced egg hatch drastically. The ovicidal activity apparently stemmed from ecdysteroids—unchanged hormone or metabolites—transferred from mother into oocyte. Different stages of embryogenesis were affected. Makisterone A, the predominant ecdysteroid in normal embryos, is by far the most effective ecdysteroid.
Presence of thyroid hormones in ascidian larvae and their involvement in metamorphosis
2001
In this study we investigated the presence and localization of thyroxine in Ciona intestinalis larvae and its involvement in metamorphosis. To date, the mechanisms regulating the metamorphosis of ascidians remain largely unknown. In vivo treatment of swimming larvae with exogenous L-thyroxine and thiourea, and in vitro experiments utilizing high performance liquid chromatography, radioimmunoassay, and immunoperoxidase staining demonstrate the presence of thyroxine at the larval stage. This suggests that this hormone may participate in the control of metamorphosis and thus play a different role from that observed in adults.