Search results for "Évolution"

showing 10 items of 209 documents

Des étudiants en ESPE moins satisfaits ?

2019

International audience

/Condition de vie/[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationSatisfactionÉtudiantCondition d'enseignementÉvolutionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSESPE
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La radiation des échinodermes au Paléozoïque inférieur, l'exemple des blastozoaires.

2009

10 pages; Le sous-phylum Blastozoa est un des groupes d'échinodermes les plus diversifiés (dix classes) au début du Paléozoïque. Après révision critique de leur squelette, leurs morphologies en apparence très variées sont en fait homogènes. Leur diversité montre deux pics (Drumien, Sandbien) liés par un événement de fortes apparitions génériques au Cambrien supérieur-Ordovicien inférieur. Les blastozoaires montrent un fort endémisme au Cambrien et un important provincialisme à l'Ordovicien inférieur et moyen. Ils deviennent cosmopolites à l'Ordovicien supérieur, par plusieurs événements migratoires. Ils sont restreints à la Laurentia et à Baltica au Silurien inférieur.

010506 paleontologyGeneral EngineeringÉvolutionBiostratigraphyBlastozoaEAT010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesPhylogenèse[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyHumanitiesGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciences[ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyEchinodermataPaléozoïque
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Évolution rétrograde de Neospathodus au cours de la crise Permo - Triasique

2016

The Permian - Triassic evolution of platform conodonts (Gondolellidae) consists mainly in developing the carina and the platform. During the sublethal environmental stress conditions subsequent to the Permian - Triassic extinction, the Wuchiapingian - Griesbachian Clarkina lineage is replaced by the primitive looking platform-lacking Dienerian - Aegean Neospathodus kummeli - Kashmirella timorensis lineage. Moreover, above Jinogondolella denticulata, end of the Capitanian Jinogondolella lineage, “Neospathodus” arcucristatus, an atavistic blade-like homeomorph that lacks a platform, underlies Protoclarkina crofti, of the base of the anagenetic Clarkina lineage. These primitive-looking forms a…

010506 paleontologyLineage (genetic)ExtinctionPermianbiologyEvolutionTriasConodontsPaleontologyÉvolutionProteromorphosis010502 geochemistry & geophysicsbiology.organism_classificationTriassic01 natural sciencesEnvironmental stressPaleontologyPhylogenèseTriasAtavismPeriod (geology)ConodontesProtéromorphosePhylogeny0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRevue de Micropaléontologie
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Les Ammonoïdes (Mollusca, Cephalopoda) : avancées et contributions récentes à la paléobiologie évolutive.

2009

12 pages; Les ammonoïdes qui perdurent 335 Ma constituent un modèle de choix dans l'analyse du fait évolutif. Cet article de synthèse se propose d'aborder (1) : leur place phylogénétique au sein des céphalopodes et le choix d'un modèle actuel de référence ; (2) : la construction d'espaces phénotypiques qui offrent un angle d'étude pertinent de l'évolution biologique ; (3) : les concordances et discordances entre reconstruction phylogénétique et registre fossile et (4) : les reconquêtes postcrises, modèles d'étude de l'évolution à grande échelle. Il ressort que les ammonoïdes peuvent servir d'appui à de nombreuses thématiques paléontologiques (dynamique de la biodiversité, analyse phylogénét…

010506 paleontologyPhylogénieCrise et radiationÉvolutionBiostratigraphy010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesTetrabranchiataAmmonoïdeAllométrieMesozoicRegistre fossile0105 earth and related environmental sciences[ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyFossil Recordbiology[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]General EngineeringAmmonoideabiology.organism_classificationGeography[ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]Crise et radiation.Espace morphologique[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyHumanities
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Les Gregoryceras (Ammonitina) de l'Oxfordien moyen terminal et supérieur téthysien : révision systématique, biostratigraphie et évolution.

2009

43 pages; Les Gregoryceras Spath, 1924 (Ammonitina, Peltoceratina) de la fin de l'Oxfordien moyen (sous-zone à Rotoides) et de la base de l'Oxfordien supérieur (zone à Bifurcatus) sont révisés. Les coupes ayant fourni la plupart des spécimens de ce travail (Espagne et Maghreb) sont décrites et datées sur la base de comparaisons fauniques entre les domaines téthysien et subtéthysien. Le meilleur outil pour ces corrélations est la présence du genre Gregoryceras. La succession des espèces de Gregoryceras est identique pour les deux domaines suscités, ce qui permet de compléter l'échelle biostratigraphique proposée antérieurement et parallèle à la zonation standard. Les espèces reconnues et red…

010506 paleontologybiologyAmmonitinaPaleontologyÉvolutionEcological succession[ SDU.STU.ST ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy010502 geochemistry & geophysicsbiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesSpecies successionPaleontologyGeographyCorrélations biostratigraphiquesSpace and Planetary ScienceGregoryceras (Ammonitina)Taxinomie[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/StratigraphyDimorphismeOxfordien[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology[ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Cytological and molecular characterization of three gametoclones of Citrus clementina

2013

Abstract Background Three gametoclonal plants of Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan., cv. Nules, designated ESP, FRA, and ITA (derived from three labs in Spain, France, and Italy, respectively), were selected for cytological and molecular characterization in order to elucidate genomic rearrangements provoked by haploidization. The study included comparisons of their ploidy, homozygosity, genome integrity, and gene dosage, using chromosome counting, flow cytometry, SSR marker genotyping, and array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (array-CGH). Results Chromosome counting and flow cytometry revealed that ESP and FRA were haploid, but ITA was tri-haploid. Homozygous patterns, represented by a sing…

0106 biological sciencesCitrus[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]ÉvolutionPlant ScienceHaploidyHORT EX TAN01 natural sciencesGenomeF30 - Génétique et amélioration des planteshttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3185SSRSMARKERShttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2091http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8837Citrus clementinaGynogénèseGenetics0303 health scienceshttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1637Homozygotehttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27583http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26859Culture d'anthèreCytologieRECOVERYSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeGENOMEhttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3490[SDE]Environmental SciencesGametoclonal variationhttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6ce991ddPloidyhttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4026Genome PlantResearch ArticleLocus des caractères quantitatifsSéquence nucléotidiqueAnther cultureGamèteLocus (genetics)BiologyGenome sequencingGene dosageAnther culture Gynogenesis Gametoclonal variation Genome sequencingDNA sequencinghttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_489103 medical and health sciencesGynogenesisRETICULATA BLANCOREGENERATIONHaploïdiehttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081Anther culture;Gynogenesis;Gametoclonal variation;Genome sequencing;HORT EX TAN;ANTHER CULTURE;RETICULATA BLANCO;REGENERATION;RECOVERY;MARKERS;GENOME;SSRS[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyAllelehttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37974GeneGenotypingAlleles030304 developmental biologyhttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2745Biologie moléculairehttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7273010606 plant biology & botany
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New insight into the colonization processes of common voles: inferences from molecular and fossil evidence.

2008

Biologie et Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier/Lez, FranceElucidating the colonization processes associated with Quaternary climatic cycles is important in order to understand the distribution of biodiversity and the evolutionary potential of temperate plant and animal species. In Europe, general evolutionary scenarios have been defined from genetic evidence. Recently, these scenarios have been challenged with genetic as well as fossil data. The origins of the modern distributions of most temperate plant and animal species could predate the Last Glacial Maximum. The glacial survival of such populations may have occurred in either southern (Mediterranea…

0106 biological sciences[ SDE.BE.BIOD ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.biodBiodiversitylcsh:Medicine[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy01 natural sciencesbiodiversitéEvolutionary Biology/Animal GeneticsMaximum-LikelihoodControl RegionGlacial periodévolutionlcsh:SciencePhylogenyévolution biologiqueMismatch Distributionchangement climatique0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinarybiologyArvicolinaeFossilsEcology[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]mammifèreFossil RecordCytochromes bEuropePhylogeographyHabitatResearch ArticleEvolutionary Biology/PaleontologyGene FlowClimatic ChangesGenetic SpeciationcolonisationMolecular DatingCytochrome b010603 evolutionary biologyQuaternary03 medical and health sciencesAnimalsMicrotusDemography030304 developmental biologyBayesian ApproachEvolutionary Biology/Evolutionary and Comparative GeneticsrongeurHuman evolutionary geneticslcsh:RGenetic Variation[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biologySequence Analysis DNAmicrotus arvalis15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationBiogeographic TraitsPhylogeographyGenetic SpeciationBiological dispersalAnimal Migrationlcsh:QCommon Vole
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Experimental Introgression To Evaluate the Impact of Sex Specific Traits on Drosophila melanogaster Incipient Speciation

2019

AbstractSex specific traits are involved in speciation but it is difficult to determine whether their variation initiates or reinforces sexual isolation. In some insects, speciation depends of the rapid change of expression in desaturase genes coding for sex pheromones. Two closely related desaturase genes are involved in Drosophila melanogaster pheromonal communication: desat1 affects both the production and the reception of sex pheromones while desat2 is involved in their production in flies of Zimbabwe populations. There is a strong asymmetric sexual isolation between Zimbabwe populations and all other “Cosmopolitan” populations: Zimbabwe females rarely copulate with Cosmopolitan males w…

0106 biological sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]polymorphismeQH426-47001 natural sciencesheptacosadieneCourtshipmâleSexual Behavior Animalhydrocarbon polymorphismgenetique des populationsMatingévolutionGenetics (clinical)media_commonpheromone production0303 health sciencesbiologyBehavior AnimalIncipient speciationdésaturaseWhite (mutation)Genetics of SexDrosophila melanogasterPhenotypeSex pheromoneAlimentation et Nutritioneuropean corn-borercourtshipFemaleDrosophila melanogasterpyrale du maisfemale receptivitymedia_common.quotation_subjecthydrocarbure cuticulairediffusion de phéromoneparade sexuelleIntrogressionréceptivité femelle03 medical and health sciencesQuantitative Trait HeritableSex Factorsmaledesaturase geneGenetic algorithmexpressionevolutionGeneticsFood and NutritionAnimalstricoseneMolecular Biologycuticular hydrocarbon;tricosene;heptacosadiene;european corn-borer;pheromone production;desaturase gene;male;courtship;hydrocarbon polymorphism;female receptivity;evolution;mutation;populations;expressionGenetic Association Studies030304 developmental biologygène[SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biologybiology.organism_classificationpopulations010602 entomologyEvolutionary biologyunion européennecuticular hydrocarbonmutation
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Reinventing the Wheel and Making It Round Again: Evolutionary Convergence in Buchnera-Serratia Symbiotic Consortia between the Distantly Related Lach…

2016

International audience; Virtually all aphids (Aphididae) harbor Buchnera aphidicola as an obligate endosymbiont to compensate nutritional deficiencies arising from their phloem diet. Many species within the Lachninae subfamily seem to be consistently associated also with Serratia symbiotica We have previously shown that both Cinara (Cinara) cedri and Cinara (Cupressobium) tujafilina (Lachninae: Eulachnini tribe) have indeed established co-obligate associations with both Buchnera and S. symbiotica However, while Buchnera genomes of both Cinara species are similar, genome degradation differs greatly between the two S. symbiotica strains. To gain insight into the essentiality and degree of int…

0301 basic medicineSerratiaLachninaeBiodiversité et EcologieGenomeaphid endosymbiontBiodiversity and EcologyEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesBuchneraPhylogeneticsRNA Ribosomal 16SBotanyGeneticsAnimalsSymbiosisPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBuchnera aphidicola;Lachninae;Serratia symbiotica;aphid endosymbiont;co-obligate;symbiont settlementGeneticssymbiont settlementAphidbiologyObligategénomefood and beveragesbuchnera aphidicolaAphididaeSequence Analysis DNASerratia symbioticabiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationbactérie endosymbiotiqueTuberolachnus salignussymbiont030104 developmental biologypuceronAphidsCinaraévolution génomique[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyBuchneraco-obligateGenome BacterialResearch Article
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L'enseignement supérieur en Afrique de l'ouest francophone : synthèse de cinq études de cas (Bénin, Cameroun, Côte d'Ivoire, Haute-Volta, Sénégal) : …

1984

référence interne : 84061

AfriqueSénégalCôte d'IvoireCameroun[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationBurkina FasoOrganisation de l'enseignementBéninÉvolutionEffectif universitaireHaute-VoltaEnseignement supérieur
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