0000000000001323
AUTHOR
Patricia Sancho
Does the Spanish version of the SWLS measure the same in Spain and Peru?
Aim Satisfaction with life is a measure of protection in older adults. There lies the importance of providing quality instruments. The aim of the study was to evaluate the invariance of the life satisfaction scale (SWLS) in two samples of older adults in Spain and Peru. Method The participants were 857 older adults in Spain (mean age = 68.23 years, SD = 5.93) and 336 older adults in Peru (average age = 72.42, SD = 7.07). All multi-group confirmatory factor analyzes were estimated in Mplus 8.0. Results The results indicate the presence of a strict invariance of the one-dimensional structure of the SWLS in samples of older adults in Spain and Peru, which allows for meaningful comparisons of l…
More on the Dimensionality of the GHQ-12: Competitive Confirmatory Models
The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was designed to measure minor psychiatric morbidity by assessing normal ‘healthy’ functioning and the appearance of new, distressing symptoms. Among its versions, the 12-item is one of the most used. GHQ-12’s validity and reliability have been extensively tested in samples from different populations. In the Spanish version, studies have come to different conclusions, of one, two, and three-factor structures. This research aims to present additional evidence on the factorial validity of the Spanish version of the GHQ-12, using competitive confirmatory models. Three samples of workers (N= 525, 414 and 540) were used to test a set of substantive models pr…
Espiritualidad, esperanza y dependencia como predictores de la satisfacción vital y la percepción de salud: efecto moderador de ser muy mayor
Objetivo: analizar algunos predictores de la calidad de vida en personas mayores, diferenciando entre mayores jóvenes o muy mayores. Esto es, se estudia un potencial efecto moderador debido a ser muy mayor, dado que este sector de la población está en rápido crecimiento en todo el mundo. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal analítico de encuesta a 224 personas mayores, en dos grupos diferenciales, menores de 75 años y 75 años o más, que viven en la ciudad de Valencia (España). Resultados: se ajustó un modelo estructural multimuestra donde las dimensiones de espiritualidad y la esperanza predicen dos indicadores de calidad de vida en personas mayores: satisfacción vital y percepción de …
Predicting life satisfaction in Angolan elderly: the moderating effect of gender
Existe abundante investigación que ha estudiado la satisfacción vital en personas mayores y ha encontrado evidencia empírica de sus mejores predictores. Cuando se estudia la satisfacción con la vida de las personas mayores y sus predictores se hallan diferencias en función del género incluyendo, por ejemplo, las interacciones con la viudedad. En este contexto, el presente estudio se ha centrado en los siguientes objetivos: (1) poner a prueba la invarianza en función del género de una medida de satisfacción con la vida, (2) predecir la satisfacción vital usando varias variables relacionadas con el proceso de envejecimiento y (3) poner a prueba el potencial efecto moderador del género en esta…
Nueva evidencia sobre la Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS)
Title: New evidence on the Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS). Abstract: As anxiety is negatively related to academic performance, and it is broadly known the existence of both anxiety towards statistics and nega- tive statistics results, statistical anxiety may play a role of mediating negative outcomes in this subject. In this context, the Statistical Anxiety Scale (Vigil- Colet, Lorenzo-Seva, & Condon, 2008) aims to be a useful tool in the comparison of the predictive power of specific and general measures of statistics performance. In order to achieve this goal, the scale is based on three dimensions of anxiety, referred to three specific issues: regarding the exam, when asking for help or…
La predicción de la satisfacción con la vida en personas mayores de Angola: el efecto moderador del género
ResumenExiste abundante investigación que ha estudiado la satisfacción vital en personas mayores y ha encontrado evidencia empírica de sus mejores predictores. Cuando se estudia la satisfacción con la vida de las personas mayores y sus predictores se hallan diferencias en función del género incluyendo, por ejemplo, las interacciones con la viudedad. En este contexto, el presente estudio se ha centrado en los siguientes objetivos: (1) poner a prueba la invarianza en función del género de una medida de satisfacción con la vida, (2) predecir la satisfacción vital usando varias variables relacionadas con el proceso de envejecimiento y (3) poner a prueba el potencial efecto moderador del género …
Measuring self-esteem in Spanish adolescents: Equivalence across gender and educational levels
Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (RSES) has been applied in many areas of psychology, highlighting the interest in the study of gender differences and educational level. At the same time, there was a methodological debate on its psychometric properties. Evidence points at a scale measuring a single trait confounded by a method factor associated to negatively worded items. The aim of the study is to examine RSES differences due to gender and educational level at the factor level, while controlling for the presence of method effects, in Spanish students. A completely a priori model was separately tested in four subsamples: college men and women, and high school men and women, and an invariance r…
Predicting perceived health in Angolan elderly: The moderator effect of being oldest old
The objective of this study was to test the predicting effects of variables measuring social support, dependence/active perceptions, and generativity, on this facet of well-being when controlled for socio-demographic variables (age, gender, marital status, and institutionalization). The research tries to extend previous literature by assessing them in a multivariate context, studying differential effects of these variables in young old and oldest old, and offering evidence of the scarcely studied population of Angola. The sample was formed by 737 young old and 266 oldest old. It was built a hierarchical regression, in which, among the different predictors, interactions effects between age a…
Method Effects and Gender Invariance of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale: A Study on Adolescents
AbstractRosenberg's self-esteem scale has been extensively used in all areas of psychology to assess global self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1965, 1979). Its construct validity, and specifically its factor structure, has almost from the beginning been under debate. More than four decades after its creation the cumulated evidence points that the scale measures a single trait (self-esteem) but confounded by a method factor associated to negatively worded items. The aim of the study is to examine the measurement invariance of the RSES by gender and test potential gender differences at the latent (trait and method) variable level, while controlling for method effects, in a sample of Spanish students. A …
VALIDITY AND INVARIANCE OF MEASUREMENT OF THE SATISFACTION WITH LOVE LIFE SCALE IN OLDER ADULTS
In recent years, interest in satisfaction with love life (SWLL) has increased. Empirical evidence demonstrated that SWLL favors subjective well-being, physical and mental health, marital quality and stability. In this regard, the study aimed to examine evidence based on the internal structure validity, reliability, and measurement invariance of the Peruvian version of the Satisfaction with Love Life Scale (SWLLS). The participants were 323 older adults recruited from the region of San Martin (Peru) with an average age of 68.73 years (SD = 7.17). The sample comprised of 49.5% women and 50.5% men. The results supported the one-dimensional model and adequate reliability of the SWLLS. A multi-g…
Measurement of the will to live in older adults: Transcultural adaptation, validity and reliability of the Will-to-Live Scale
Abstract Objective The Will-to-Live Scale (WTLS) is used to measure the will to live in older adults; however, there is no Spanish version. The objective of the study was to translate the WTLS into Spanish, assess its internal structure, reliability, and the correlates between WTLS and life satisfaction, resilience, and depression in older Peruvian adults. Method The participants were 235 Peruvian older adults (M = 72.69, SD = 6.68), evaluated between March to May 2019, selected through non-probability sampling. The WTLS, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) were administered. Data analysis included r…
Family relations, parents’ educational practices, and Angolan adolescents’ values
Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido triple. Primero, analizar las propiedades psicométricas los instrumentos utilizados para evaluar la percepción de las Relaciones familiares, la Socialización familiar y los Valores de los adolescentes angoleños. Segundo, predecir los Valores de los adolescentes a partir de las Relaciones familiares y la Socialización familiar. Tercero, analizar las diferencias de valores de los adolescentes según el sexo. Para ello, 917 adolescentes (384 varones, 533 mujeres) de 14 a 17 años (M = 15.68; DT = 1.06) completaron versiones portuguesas de los instrumentos antes señalados. Una vez analizadas las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos, se desarro…
Socio-Demographic Variables and Successful Aging of the Angolan Elderly
The proportion of elderly people is growing faster than any other age group. Amongst them, the group of oldest old is indeed the segment of the elderly population with the fastest growth rate. The increase in the proportion of elderly in the Angolan population makes research on this area badly needed. Within the theoretical framework of successful aging, the study aims to test for sociodemographic group differences in perceived health, life satisfaction, and social relations in Angolan elderly. The dependent variables are three of the components of what has been called successful aging. Data came from a cross-sectional survey of elderly people living in Luanda. 1003 Angolan elderly were sur…
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (TSLS): A study on elderly attending to university programs
Several measures have been developed for the operalization of well-being, standing out the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). To cope with some of its problems the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (TSLS) was developed. The aim of this study is to present and validate the Spanish version of the TSLS, in a sample elderly attending to University programs. The sample was composed of 737 elderly. Together with the TSLS, an indicator of general life satisfaction and the SF-8 Health Scale were used. Analyses included the study of factorial validity, estimations of reliability and external validity. Results of the confirmatory factor analysis were adequate: χ2(87)=454.593 (p<.001), CFI=.9…
Medición de la voluntad de vivir en adultos mayores: adaptación transcultural, validez y confiabilidad de la Will-to-Live Scale
Resumen Objetivo La Will-to-Live Scale (WTLS) es utilizada para medir la voluntad de vivir en adultos mayores; sin embargo, no existe una version en espanol. El objetivo del estudio fue traducir la WTLS al espanol, evaluar su estructura interna, su confiabilidad y los correlatos entre la WTLS y la satisfaccion con la vida, la resiliencia y la depresion en adultos mayores peruanos. Metodo Los participantes fueron 235 adultos mayores peruanos (M = 72,69, DE = 6,68) evaluados entre marzo y mayo de 2019, seleccionados a traves de un muestreo no probabilistico. Se administro la WTLS, la Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), la Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) y el Patient Health Questionnarie-…
Propiedades psicométricas del CEVEAPEU: Validación en población peruana
Researchers’ interest in the learning process at university context, and in its evaluation, has increased in recent years. Great deals of papers have studied this process and the role that learning strategies play in it and how to measure them in an objective and reliable way. Following this trend, the aim of this study is to validate the Cuestionario de Evaluación de las Estrategias de Aprendizaje de los Estudiantes Universitarios (CEVEAPEU) in a sample of 238 Peruvian university students. Results examined factorial validity, reliability and validity evidence of the questionnaire. In order to test factorial validity of the affective, support and control strategies and information process s…
Subtypes of Depression: Latent Class Analysis in Spanish Old People with Depressive Symptoms
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling disorders and the one that most contributes to disability. When it occurs in older people, it is an additional burden to their potential physical and cognitive deficiencies, making MDD an important public health problem that supposes a large investment in health. There is a clear lack of consistency between the subtypes of depression found in the literature, ranging from two to seven classes, with three being the most commonly found non-melancholic, melancholic and psychotic, or putative psychotics. The aim of this research is to add knowledge to the profiles of depressive symptoms in a representative sample of older Spanish peopl…
Coping Strategies: Gender Differences and Development throughout Life Span
Development during life-span implies to cope with stressful events, and this coping may be done with several strategies. It could be useful to know if these coping strategies differ as a consequence of personal characteristics. This work uses the Coping with Stress Questionnaire with this aim using a sample of 400 participants. Specifically, the effects of gender and age group (young people, middle age and elderly), as well as its interaction on coping strategies is studied. With regard to age, on one hand, it is hypothesised a decrement in the use of coping strategies centred in problem solving and social support seeking as age increases. On the other hand, the use of emotional coping is h…
The adolescents’ school engagement: Assessment of its dimensions
A topic that in the last years is getting relevance in school and students research is school engagement. This topic has been related, among other important constructs, with burnout of teachers and students, school performance, satisfaction with the school, behavioral disruption, goal orientation and motivational climate in the classroom, students-teachers relationships, and life satisfaction of the students. School engagement may be defined as the participation of the student in academic achievements, and it is understood as a multidimensional construct. The most repeated typology of dimensions recognizes three specific and overlapping dimensions: cognitive, behavioral, and emotional (affe…
Quality of Life in European Older Adults of SHARE Wave 7: Comparing the Old and the Oldest-Old
CASP-12 (Control, Autonomy, Self-realization, and Pleasure scale) is one of the most common internationally used measures for quality of life in older adults, although its structure is not clearly established. Current research aims to test the factor structure of the CASP-12, so as to provide evidence on reliability and external validity, and to test for measurement invariance across age groups. Data from 61,355 Europeans (≥60 years old) from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe wave 7 were used. CASP-12, EURO-D (European depression scale), self-perceived health, and life satisfaction measurements were included. Reliability and validity coefficients, competing confirmatory …
Predicting life satisfaction of the Angolan elderly: A structural model
Satisfaction with life is of particular interest in the study of old age well-being because it has arisen as an important component of old age. A considerable amount of research has been done to explain life satisfaction in the elderly, and there is growing empirical evidence on best predictors of life satisfaction. This research evaluates the predictive power of some aging process variables, on Angolan elderly people's life satisfaction, while including perceived health into the model. Data for this research come from a cross-sectional survey of elderly people living in the capital of Angola, Luanda. A total of 1003 Angolan elderly were surveyed on socio-demographic information, perceived …
Validation of an explicative model of the successful aging process with psychological, physical, relational, and leisure variables
Increasingly, research on the aging process tends to adopt a dual perspective emic (specific to a culture) and etic (universal), requiring further studies to address this cross-cultural approach. The aim is to obtain an empirical answer to the question of whether a model of successful aging raised from a different context such as the Taiwanese context, is suitable to represent this process in our elders. The sample consisted of 737 elderly. Socio-demographic-data and different scales to assess life satisfaction, leisure, health, and social support were collected. A structural equation model taken from Lee et al. (2011), in which leisure, health and social support predicted life satisfaction…
Envejecimiento y espiritualidad: estructura factorial y fiabilidad de dos escalas
Resumen Introduccion En el area de la gerontologia, el estudio de la mejora de la salud y calidad de vida —como envejecer «con exito»—, la espiritualidad juega un papel clave y constituye uno de los topicos de la investigacion actual. Sin embargo, su incorporacion en la literatura cientifica esta resultando ardua y lenta, hecho en parte debido a la ausencia de medidas desarrolladas y validadas especialmente para su uso en el ambito hispanohablante. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo ofrecer evidencia de las propiedades psicometricas de dos instrumentos de medida de la espiritualidad: la Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp) y el Cuestionario Grupo de…
Validating the Spanish version of the aggression scale in adolescents
The Scale of Physical and Verbal Aggressiveness has been an instrument widely used in the scientific literature to measure physical and verbal aggressiveness, both in children and adolescents as we...
Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) by gender and age in Angola
Abstract Subjective well-being is a research arena that has grown almost exponentially: over the last 20 years, the number of publications on subjective well-being has increased approximately 16-fold (Diener, 2009). The cognitive aspect of subjective well-being or life satisfaction is referred to a conscious cognitive judgment of life (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin 1985), in which person’s quality of life is globally assessed (Shin & Johnson, 1978). The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS, Diener et al., 1985) is the most widely used instrument for its measurement. A reliable, valid and invariant measurement is critical for meaningful comparisons. The aim of this study is to examine the …
Erratum: Pérez-Belmonte, S., et al. Subtypes of Depression: Latent Class Analysis in Spanish Old People with Depressive Symptoms. Life 2020, 10, 70
The authors wish to make the following erratum to this paper [...]
Validation of the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (version 3) in Spanish older population: An application of exploratory structural equation modelling
Loneliness is a subjective and unpleasant experience associated to a variety of physical and mental health problems. Older people face an elevated risk of loneliness. It is measured through self‐re...
New evidence on the Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS)
Las asignaturas relacionadas con la estadística suelen tener problemas de rendimiento académico. La ansiedad se relaciona de forma negativa con el rendimiento y en particular, la ansiedad estadística puede ser un constructo clave en la mejora de la enseñanza de esta materia y afines. La Statistical Anxiety Scale (Vigil-Colet, Lorenzo-Seva y Condon, 2008) se creó con la pretensión de ser útil para predecir el rendimiento académico en estadística. Se fundamenta en tres dimensiones de ansiedad referidas a tres aspectos específicos: respecto al examen, cuando se pide ayuda en la comprensión de estadística y en el proceso de interpretación de resultados. Esta estructura de tres factores fue hall…
Autonomy Support, Psychological Needs Satisfaction, School Engagement and Academic Success: A Mediation Model
School engagement is a construct of relevance in education and educational psychology, as it has been related to multiple educational constructs and outcomes: school drop-out, satisfaction with school, disruptive behavior, motivational climate, teacher-student relationships, or academic progress and achievement. The current research surveyed 2034 Angolan students and 2302 Dominican Republic students in order to predict academic achievement. The model tested was supported by the data in both samples, and the chain of explicative effects hold again in both samples. School engagement was a powerful mediator among needs satisfaction and academic success. Results are discussed in light of existi…
Explaining Method Effects Associated With Negatively Worded Items in Trait and State Global and Domain-Specific Self-Esteem Scales
Several investigators have interpreted method effects associated with negatively worded items in a substantive way. This research extends those studies in different ways: (a) it establishes the presence of methods effects in further populations and particular scales, and (b) it examines the possible relations between a method factor associated with negatively worded items and several covariates. Two samples were assessed: 592 high school students from Valencia (Spain), and 285 batterers from the same city. The self-esteem scales used were Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, the State Self-Esteem Scale, and Self-Esteem 17. Anxiety was also assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and gend…
Resilience and coping as predictors of general well-being in the elderly: A structural equation modeling approach
The aims of this article are: (a) to test for the validity of the three constructs involved in the structural model; (b) to test for the effects of both coping strategies and resilient coping on well-being in a sample of elderly, by means of a structural model with latent variables; (c) to empirically study whether a brief scale of resilient coping could predict well-being over and above that predicted by the coping resources.The research is a survey design. The sample consisted of 225 non-institutionalized elderly people living in the city of Valencia (Spain). The three constructs measured were: well-being, resilient coping, and coping strategies.The analyses consist of a series of alterna…
Predicción del bienestar hedónico y eudaimónico en envejecimiento con éxito
El bienestar psicológico es un constructo de la máxima importancia en psicología, siendo el equivalente a la salud en términos médicos. Es un concepto multifacético. Que ha dado lugar a dos tradiciones, la hedónica y la eudaimónica. Por otro lado, un marco teórico útil en el que enmarcar un envejecimiento óptimo es el paradigma del envejecimiento con éxito. Rowe y Kahn (1998) articularon este paradigma proponiendo un modelo con tres características principales: salud física, función cognitiva y estar activo en términos de actividades productivas y relaciones sociales. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer un modelo predictivo del bienestar, tanto hedónico como eudaimónico, empleando para e…
Perception of quality of life in an elderly Angolan sample / Percepción de calidad de vida en una muestra de ancianos angoleños
AbstractIncreased life expectancy and the ageing of the population have made it particularly important to distinguish between the old (usually 60–79 years, or the ‘young old’) and the oldest old (80 years or more, or the ‘fourth age’). This study explores the effects of age, gender and institutionalization on perceived health and life satisfaction in 1003 elderly people from Luanda, Angola. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was estimated to test for these effects. Results provide evidence of lower scores on life satisfaction and perceived health for the oldest old and the institutionalized. However, the higher life satisfaction among the non-institutionalized disappeared when the…
Measuring School Engagement: Validation and Measurement Equivalence of the Student Engagement Scale on Angolan Male and Female Adolescents
School engagement is defined primarily in relation to the participation of the student in academic achievement, and it is viewed as a multidimensional and integrative construct, or macroconstruct made up of several dimensions. The most repeated typology recognizes three specific dimensions: Cognitive, behavioral, and emotional (affective). Recently, a fourth new dimension, personal agency, has been proposed, which reflects students’ constructive engagement with the academic instructions. F. Veiga has been the first to present a self-report instrument, in Portuguese, to measure these four components, the Student Engagement Scale-4 dimensions (SES-4DS). This research has studied the validity …
Adaptation and Initial Validation of the BRCS in an Elderly Spanish Sample
Resilience is understood as a dynamic process encompassing positive adaptation within the context of adversity. This study examined the validity of the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), a 4-item measure designed to capture tendencies to cope with stress in a highly adaptive manner, in an elderly Spanish population. A total of 133 elderly people from an association of retired persons in Valencia (Spain) provided the responses for the validation study. The factorial validity of the scale was tested using confirmatory factor analysis, with a single dimension of resilience with adequate fit indexes emerging from this analysis. The BRCS has adequate internal consistency both at the scale and…
Factorial Validity of the General Health Questionnaire 12 in an Angolan Sample
Abstract. Most evidence available has found multidimensional solutions for the General Health Questionnaire’s (GHQ12) structure, contrary to the authors’ original one-factor solution. Recently, the study of method effects associated to negatively worded items has been included in the study of GHQ12’s factor structure, and the most common conclusion has been that the best-fitting structure is a single factor confounded by response bias. Current study analyzes the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the GHQ12. The sample consisted of 1,332 young Angolan adults. Previously-reported structures, including one-factor and multidimensional substantive ones, as well as bifactor structures…
Propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la Escala Temporal de Satisfacción con la Vida (Temporal Satisfaction With Life Scale, TSLS): Un estudio en mayores que acuden a programas universitarios
Para la operacionalización del bienestar se han desarrollado un gran número de medidas, destacando la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS). Para paliar algunos de sus problemas, se desarrolló la Escala Temporal de Satisfacción con la Vida (TSLS). El objetivo de este estudio es la presentación y primera validación de la TSLS en su versión española, en una muestra de personas mayores que acuden a programas universitarios. La muestra estaba formada por 737 personas mayores. Además de la TSLS, se empleó un indicador de satisfacción general con la vida y la SF-8. Los análisis incluyeron estudio de la validez factorial, estimaciones de la fiabilidad y de validez externa. Los resultados del a…
Descripción de los resultados y costes de una intervención preventiva a nivel respiratorio en el anciano institucionalizado: estudio controlado aleatorizado
Resumen Introduccion En el anciano institucionalizado con limitacion funcional se evidencia una mayor reduccion de la funcionalidad de la musculatura respiratoria (MR). Los objetivos de este estudio son evaluar los resultados y costes de una intervencion de entrenamiento de la MR mediante Pranayama en poblacion anciana institucionalizada con limitacion funcional. Material y metodos Estudio controlado aleatorizado desarrollado en ancianos institucionalizados con limitacion para la deambulacion (n = 54). La intervencion consistio en el entrenamiento de la MR mediante Pranayama, durante 6 semanas (5 sesiones/semana). Los resultados se midieron en relacion con la funcion de la MR mediante las p…
El rol mediador de l'envelliment actiu sobre la satisfacció i la salut percebudes: un model estructural en majors angolesos
El benestar en persones majors és un constructe que ha protagonitzat moltes investigacions al llarg de les últimes dècades. Com ja és sabut, el benestar es troba a la base d¿una sèrie d¿indicadors. L¿objectiu d¿aquest estudi és valorar la possible mediació exercida per indicadors del nivell d¿activitat i independència funcional de les persones majors, en la relació d¿un nombre d¿indicadors sociodemogràfics i la satisfacció vital i la salut percebuda. Es fa ús d¿una mostra de 1.003 persones majors de Luanda (Angola), pertanyents a residències, diverses ONG i centres d¿atenció. S¿ha estimat un model d¿equacions estructurals que disposava d¿una sèrie de variables sociodemogràfiques que predeie…