Ecohydrology in Mediterranean areas: a numerical model to describe growing seasons out of phase with precipitations

La protección del ser humano: los valores y derechos fundamentales del hombre come ser viviente y conviviente en el mundo

Rapporto tra ecologia e antropologia filosofica

Geostatistical techniques for runoff mapping: an application to Sicily, Italy

The availability of reliable and long time series of runoff data is fundamental for most of the hydrological analyses and for the assessment and the management of water resources even in condition of global climatic change. However, hydrologic data sets are often characterized by a short duration and also suffer from missing data values, mainly due to malfunctioning of gauging stations for a specific period. In order to overcome this problem and obtain long and continuous runoff time series, different models and methods have been previously developed and proposed. While some models, used to extent the streamflow record, are conceptual, empirical, regressive models based on the rainfall inpu…

Legge naturale e diritti umani

La teoria del diritto come pratica sociale e la coercizione

Poiche non si puo trattare del posto che la coercizione ha nel concetto di diritto senza far riferimento ad una specifica teoria del diritto, il paper ricostruisce le linee generali della teoria del diritto come pratica sociale, focalizzando in particolare l’obiettivo del diritto di custodire l’agency dei consociati per contrastare l’uso arbitrario del potere. Nella seconda parte si affronta dal punto di vista del diritto come pratica sociale il tema generale della coercizione giuridica e ci si chiede soprattutto se l’uso giuridico della forza non sia anch’esso nella sostanza una forma di potere che contraddice il fine generale della custodia dell’agency.

Annual flow duration curves assessment in ephemeral small basins

Flow duration curve (FDC) represents a comprehensive signature of temporal runoff variability often used to synthesize catchment rainfall-runoff responses. A new model, the ModABa (MODel for Annual flow duration curves assessment in ephemeral small BAsins), is here introduced. It can be thought as a wide mosaic whose tesserae are frameworks, models or conceptual schemes separately developed in different studies and harmoniously interconnected with the final aim of reproducing the annual FDC in intermittent small catchments. Two separated seasons within the hydrological year are distinguished: a dry season, characterized by absence of streamflow, and a non-zero season. Streamflow is disaggre…

EFFETTI DELLE VARIAZIONI CLIMATICHE SULLA VEGETAZIONE IN AMBIENTE MEDITERRANEO

La qualità nel monitoraggio di variabili meteoclimatiche

Reti per il monitoraggio meteoclimatico

Ermeneutica filosofica, pluralismo e diritto

The purpose of this essay is to show that philosophical hermeneutics is particularly suited for facing problems of understanding among different cultural worlds. These issues are relevant even for legal interpretation that, now more than ever, is not up against culturally homogeneous societies and against legal systems shaped by a single source or by a steady hierarchy of sources. Therefore, philosophical hermeneutics’ approaches to intercultural dialogue can be useful to the present practice of legal interpretation, not by building new interpretative methods, but by clarifying contexts which give significance to legal practice. The paths trodden by legal philosophical hermeneutics are devo…

Sviluppo di un sistema di monitoraggio per lo studio delle dinamiche meteorologiche nell'area urbana di Palermo.'

Recensione a "Dizionario di economia civile" a cura di L.Bruni e S.Zamagni

Development of innovative approaches for evaluating drought vulnerability and selecting innovative practices for managing water shortage (in Sicily)

The climate, especially with regard to the precipitation and the evapotranspiration processes, plays a fundamental role in the vegetational patterns formation and modifications. The pilot project here described tries to evaluate in a quantitative way the impact of different climatic regimes (current or future) on vegetation health status and its physiological processes. In particular, an ecohydrological approach has been adopted in order to carry out an analysis of the potential climate changes influence on the vegetation state in a typical Mediterranean environment, such as the Sicilian one.

Persone e cittadini nella società del pluralismo

Analisi della tensione tra l'essere persona e l'essere cittadino nello Stato costituzionale di diritto

I diritti in carcere

Si esamina il problema del sovraffollamento delle carceri in relazione al principio costituzionale della funzione di rieducazione della pena

Ecohydrological modelling of flow duration curve in Mediterranean river basins

Abstract Flow duration curve provides an important synthesis of the relevant hydrological processes occurring at the basin scale, and, although it is typically obtained from field observations, different theoretical approaches finalized to its indirect reconstruction have been developed in recent years. In this study a recent ecohydrological model for the probabilistic characterization of base flows is tested through its application to a study catchment located in southern Italy, where long historical series of daily streamflow are available. The model, coupling soil moisture balance with a simplified scheme of the hydrological response of the basin, provides the daily flow duration curve. …

Il diritto tra arte ed etica

Il diritto in quanto modalità dell'azione umana si colloca in una soglia di confine fra il fare e l'agire, fra il dar forma adeguata alla vita sociale ed istituzionale e il rispetto della consapevolezza e libertà dell'azione umana stessa.

Influenza della correlazione seriale nell'analisi di trend in serie di variabili climatiche in Sicilia

Strategic Master Plans

The MEDIWAT Project (Sustainable management of environmental issues related to water stress in Mediterranean Islands) aims to provide innovative and sustainable technical, operational and managerial solutions for tackling problems caused by water resources-quality worsening and shortage in the Mediterranean insular context. The project brings together partners from six Mediterranean islands: Sicily, Cyprus, Corsica were considered large islands because of their area and hydrological behavior. Conversely Crete, Malta and Balearic Islands were considered small islands. A detailed analysis of current and future conditions relating to freshwater availability, quality and use has been carried ou…

Influenza della misura di verosomiglianza nello studio di incertezza nella modellazione afflussi deflussi di un bacino mediterraneo

Comparative analysis of different techniques for spatial interpolation of rainfall data to create a serially complete monthly time series of precipitation for Sicily, Italy

Abstract The availability of good and reliable rainfall data is fundamental for most hydrological analyses and for the design and management of water resources systems. However, in practice, precipitation records often suffer from missing data values mainly due to malfunctioning of raingauge for specific time periods. This is an important issue in practical hydrology because it affects the continuity of rainfall data and ultimately influences the results of hydrologic studies which use rainfall as input. Many methods to estimate missing rainfall data have been proposed in literature and, among these, most are based on spatial interpolation algorithms. In this paper different spatial interpo…

Indipendenza, dipendenza, interdipendenza in una società di singoli

Questo testo è dedicato alla distinzione tra individualismo e singolarismo. Quest'ultimo richiede una profonda revisione del modo di considerare le relazioni sociali fondamentali

Luci e ombre del principio di sussidiarietà

Si esamina il principio di sussidiarietà nel suo significato generale e nel rapporto con l'autodeterminazione politica, con il federalismo e con la democrazia

Ecohydrology in Mediterranean areas: a numerical model to describe growing seasons out of phase with precipitations

The probabilistic description of soil moisture dynamics is a relatively new topic in hydrology. The most common ecohydrological models start from a stochastic differential equation describing the soil water balance, where the unknown quantity, the soil moisture, depends both on spaces and time. Most of the solutions existing in literature are obtained in a probabilistic framework and under steady-state condition; even if this last condition allows the analytical handling of the problem, it has considerably simplified the same problem by subtracting generalities from it. <br><br> The steady-state hypothesis, appears perfectly applicable in arid and semiarid climatic areas like th…

Diritti umani e ragion pratica

L'articolo sostiene che la concezione aristotelica della ragion pratica è più capace di spiegare la pratica dei diritti umani rispetto alle concezioni alternative.

Multiculturalismo,valori comuni e diritto penale

L'articolo affronta il tema dell'ius puniendi dello Stato nel contesto di una società multiculturale

Investigating the changes in extreme rainfall in Sicily

Changes in extreme rainfall are one of the most relevant sign of current climate alterations. Many studies have demonstrated an increase in rainfall intensity and a reduction of frequency in several areas of the world. This could be probably due to an acceleration of the hydrological cycle caused by temperature increase and could have, as consequence, the increase of flooding hazard. In the past, Sicily has been screened for several signals of possible climate change. Annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall data in the entire Sicilian region have been analyzed, showing a global reduction of total annual rainfall, which is mainly due to the winter reduction. Moreover, some annual maximum rainf…

La natura delle cose

The reference to the nature of things is still working today in legislation and jurisprudence. In this article the reasons for the persistence of this line of reasoning in law and in the legal science are examined. These reasons generally depend on the close connection between law and some fundamental social relations. But also the essential need to assure its effectiveness, without which law would be useless. In turn, the contemporary evolution of the legal culture requires a change in the way of understanding the nature of things. Nowadays, the nature of things distances itself from mere objectivism to get close to the deliberative character of the determination of the law

Diritti umani e globalizzazione del diritto

Si esamina il problema della globalizzazione alla luce dell'universalismo e del particolarismo dei diritti umani

Interpretación e indeterminación de la regla jurídica

Si difende la tesi della necessaria indeterminatezza delle regole giuridiche e si osservano i suoi effetti sulla teoria dell'interpretazione giuridica.

Diritti fondamentali e multiculturalismo

Presentazione/Presentation

Si tratta della presentazione della nuova "Rivista di Filosofia del diritto", che ripercorre la storia delle correnti principali filosofico-giuridiche del Novecento, essendo l'autore il direttore della rivista.

Come la natura diventa norma

Ai fini di affrontare il problema posto nel titolo si esplorano i diversi significati di "natura" (come cultura, come dato di fatto, come valore)e per ognuno di essi si pone il rapporto con la normatività. Nella parte finale si affronta il problema della natura di una comunità politica.

Identità culturali e religiose

Gestire l’incertezza parametrica nell’utilizzo di un modello di deflussi giornalieri di tipo shot noise

Educare alla ragione pubblica

Monitoraggio di frane attivate da precipitazione a supporto di un Early Warning System: Progetto SESAMO

Diritto/Diritti, Morale/Morali, Religione/Religioni: profili problematici

Multilayer blue-green roofs as nature-based solutions for water and thermal insulation management

Abstract Green roofs have been widely recognized as sustainable nature-based solutions to mitigate floods in urban areas, which, in the last decades, are increasing due to the combination of intense worldwide urbanization and climate change. Besides flood mitigation, green roofs provide additional benefits for the urban environment (e.g., reducing the urban heat island and ensuring energy saving for the underneath building). Moreover, green roofs facilitate the increase of urban biodiversity, attracting different species of small animals, and upgrade the city aesthetic value. Among the different types of green roofs, multilayer blue-green roofs present an additional layer to store water dur…

Derecho e interpretación. Elementos de teoría hermenéutica del derecho

Il volume affronta le tematiche fondamentali della filosofia del diritto alla luce di una prospettiva ermeneutica e della ragion pratica.

Diritti umani e scienza giuridica

Si esaminano alcune importanti trasformazioni del modo d'intendere la scienza giuridica causate dalla nuova presenza dei diritti umani.

La defensa de la persona en la era tecnológica

Meteorological monitoring networks

Neuroscienze e diritto naturale

In the first three sections of this paper, the author examines the ambiguous usage of legal and moral terminology in the field of neurosciences. The fourth section is devoted to the analysis of the natural law tradition: obviously in this context naturalistic tendencies have been opposed and isolated by the forbiddance derived from the naturalistic fallacy argument. The question is whether neurosciences can attribute a new (by any chance different and debatable) role to the “nature” in law and morals.

Autorità ed eguaglianza nella democrazia deliberativa

Una revisione del concetto di autorità politica e giuridica alla luce della teoria della democrazia deliberativa

Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Submacular Hemorrhage with Loss of Vision in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Daily Clinical Practice: the Fight Retinal Blindness! Registry

Climate change effects on the hydrological regime of small non-perennial river basins.

Recent years have been witnessing an increasing interest on global climate change and, although we are only at the first stage of the projected trends, some signals of climate alteration are already visible. Climate change encompasses modifications in the characteristics of several interrelated climate variables, and unavoidably produces relevant effects on almost all the natural processes related to the hydrological cycle. This study focuses on potential impacts of climate variations on the streamflow regime of small river basins in Mediterranean, seasonally dry, regions. The paper provides a quantitative evaluation of potential modifications in the flow duration curves (FDCs) and in the p…

Un nuovo metodo per lo studio di stagionalità nelle serie idrologiche

Democrazia e futuro

Europa: diritti e identità

Utilizzo degli l-moments per l’analisi regionale delle portate di piena in Sicilia. Atti del XXX Convegno di Idraulica e Costruzioni Idrauliche.

Il potere del popolo

I diritti e le età della vita

Effectiveness of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and variables associated with visual acuity outcomes: Results from the EAGLE study

Objective To assess the overall effectiveness of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in a clinical practice setting. Study design EAGLE was a retrospective, 2-year, cohort observational, multicenter study conducted in Italy that analyzed secondary data of treatment-naïve patients with nAMD. The primary endpoint evaluated the mean annualized number of anti-VEGF injections at Years 1 and 2. The main secondary endpoints analyzed the mean change in visual acuity (VA) from baseline and variables associated with visual outcomes at Years 1 and 2. Results Of the 752 patients enrolled, 745 (99.07…

Olive Yield and Future Climate Forcings

Abstract The rainfall reduction and the temperature increase forecasted for Mediterranean regions would likely increase the vegetation water stress and decrease productivity in rainfed agriculture. Olive trees, which have traditionally been grown under rainfed conditions, are one of the most characteristic tree crops from the Mediterranean not only for economical importance but also for minimizing erosion and desertification and for improving the carbon balance of these areas. In order to simulate how climatic change could alter soil moisture dynamics, biomass growth and fruit productivity, a water driven crop model is used in this study. The model quantitatively links olive yield to climat…

La Legalità del caso

Sistema e decisione, interpretazione costituzionale e legalità del caso concreto. Il caso e non la regola, il caso al posto della regola torna ad essere al centro del diritto e la sua stessa ragion d'essere.

EHSM: a conceptual ecohydrological model for daily streamflow simulation

A parsimonious conceptual lumped model is here presented with the aim of simulating daily streamflow in semi-arid areas. The model, processing daily rainfall and reference evapotranspiration at basin scale, reproduces surface and subsurface runoff, soil moisture dynamics, and actual evapotranspiration fluxes. The key elements of this numerical model are the soil bucket, where rainfall, evapotranspiration, and leakage drive soil moisture dynamics, and two linear reservoirs working in parallel with different characteristic response times. The surface reservoir, able to simulate the fast response of the basin, is fed by rain falling on impervious area and by runoff generated with excess of sat…

EHSMu: a new conceptual model for hourly discharge simulation under ecohydrological framework in urban area

A parsimonious conceptual lumped model is presented here with the aim of simulating hourly discharge in urban areas. The EHSMu (EcoHydrological Streamflow Model for urban areas) is able to reproduce the discharge at the outlet of an urban drainage system and, at the same time, soil moisture dynamics and evapotranspirative fluxes over vegetated areas within an urban catchment. In urban areas, rain falling over impervious surfaces is directly transferred towards the drainage system in a time depending on the catchment characteristics, and drainage network geometry. If the rain falls over pervious and vegetated areas the runoff generation is driven by soil moisture content, which in turn is li…

Long term analysis of small desalination plant for potable water supply of tourist areas (in Sicily)

The main aim of this work is to gain information on the working conditions of a desalination plant in Sicily, on the costs of produced desalinated water and on the perspectives of new plants to be built in the island, in order to evaluate the long term performance of a desalination plant in a small island for potable water supply. At the same time, because the high operational costs, the work tries to provide green power alternatives for the plant as well. As a pilot we will consider the Lipari Island which has a MED-MVC (Multiple Effect Distillation- Mechanical Vapor Compression) plant. It is important to underline that even though the pilot refers to a Sicilian Island, the developed proce…

Generation of Natural Runoff Monthly Series at Ungauged Sites Using a Regional Regressive Model

Many hydrologic applications require reliable estimates of runoff in river basins to face the widespread lack of data, both in time and in space. A regional method for the reconstruction of monthly runoff series is here developed and applied to Sicily (Italy). A simple modeling structure is adopted, consisting of a regression-based rainfall–runoff model with four model parameters, calibrated through a two-step procedure. Monthly runoff estimates are based on precipitation, temperature, and exploiting the autocorrelation with runoff at the previous month. Model parameters are assessed by specific regional equations as a function of easily measurable physical and climate basin descriptors. Th…

Il Rule of Law e il concetto di diritto

Si sostiene la tesi che il rule of law appartiene in modo strutturale al concetto di diritto

La teoria della guerra giusta e i diritti umani

Pratiche sociali: istituzioni e procedure

Europe's Path to Public Reason

Chapter 7 highlights how addressing public issues publicly is a main target of European institutions, considering their commitment to the identification of shared values and the protection of rights. In consideration of this, it is reasonable to ask whether the "Public Reason" set forth by Rawls can be somehow applied to Europe's current perspective, understanding it to be the ruling criterion governing public issues. A major obstacle is to be found in the anti-pluralistic attitude which is widespread across the European states. However, constitutionalism, which is nowadays widely rooted on a global scale, makes contemporary political commu¬nities to characterize by disagreement and by the …

The SESAMO early warning system for rainfall-triggered landslides

The development of Web-based information systems coupled with advanced monitoring systems could prove to be extremely useful in landslide risk management and mitigation. A new frontier in the field of rainfall-triggered landslides (RTLs) lies in the real-time modelling of the relationship between rainfall and slope stability; this requires an intensive monitoring of some key parameters that could be achieved through the use of modern and often low-cost technologies. This work describes an integrated information system for early warning of RTLs that has been deployed and tested, in a prototypal form, for an Italian pilot site. The core of the proposed system is a wireless sensor network coll…

Future Climate Forcings and Olive Yield in a Mediterranean Orchard

The olive tree is one of the most characteristic rainfed trees in the Mediterranean region. Observed and forecasted climate modifications in this region, such as the CO2 concentration and temperature increase and the net radiation, rainfall and wind speed decrease, will likely alter vegetation water stress and modify productivity. In order to simulate how climatic change could alter soil moisture dynamic, biomass growth and fruit productivity, a water-driven crop model has been used in this study. The numerical model, previously calibrated on an olive orchard located in Sicily (Italy) with a satisfactory reproduction of historical olive yield data, has been forced with future climate scenar…

Quality management in meteoclimatic variables monitoring

Performances of GPM satellite precipitation over the two major Mediterranean islands

Reliable and accurate precipitation measurement or estimation is crucial for disaster monitoring and water resource management. However, obtaining accurate high-resolution precipitation fields is still a challenging task for scientists and practitioners, especially in the poorer region of the world. Nowadays the scientific community expects significant improvements in precipitation monitoring by the continuous technological evolution of satellite-rainfall estimate systems which are able to produce data with global coverage and thus can provide low-cost information even in scarcely populated areas or places where for economic reasons ground measures are missing. The most recent satellite mis…

The Family’s Role in the Twilight of Political Community

The social history of modernity shows a progressive and accelerated decline of the political importance of the family. At the same time Politics also finds it more and more difficult to recognize itself as a community of life. We have to ask ourselves whether between the politica! irrelevance of the family and the loss of the community dimension of Politics there is a causa! connection, or at least a significant correlation.

EHSM: a new conceptual model for daily streamflow simulation under ecohydrological framework

A parsimonious conceptual lumped model is presented here with the aim of simulating daily streamflow in semi-arid areas. The model is able to reproduce surface and sub-surface runoff, soil moisture dynamics and evapotranspirative fluxes, averaged over a basin starting from daily time series of rainfall and temperature and from the initial value of soil. The rainfall is partioned in two components: the first, which interests a totally impermeable area, is routed directly on a superficial linear reservoir, while the second passes through permeable soil. If the rainfall input exceeds the soil storage capacity, which is a function of soil moisture at that specific time, this saturation excess i…

Religione civile: uso e abuso di un concetto

Civil religion: uses and misuses of a concept. The analysis of the concept of “civil religion” shows an ambiguity caused by the mix between religion and morality, and religion and politics. The idea behind is the sacralization of politics in order to assure its autonomy from historic religions. Civil religion supporters individuate in this cultural position two positive results: the opening of politics to transcendence and the ethical legitimation of communitarian linkages. The article examines these two aspects, in the light of constitutionalism, human rights and current pluralism. The conclusion is that the concept must be considered misleading.

Influence of rating curve uncertainty on daily rainfall–runoff model predictions

River discharge observations are usually affected by uncertainty, which is due to many concurrent causes and strongly affects the response of rainfall-runoff models. The present paper is aimed at studying the influence of imperfect rating curve knowledge on the uncertainty of the response of a daily conceptual linear-nonlinear rainfall-runoff model. To describe the impact of imperfect rating curve knowledge, simulations have been conducted using a conceptual rainfall-runoff model and continuous daily series of rainfall, air temperature and discharges recorded in a Sicilian catchment. The GLUE procedure was used to introduce the uncertainty of the rating curve in a classical rainfall-runoff …

La società multiculturale come società politica

Los derechos humanos:¿una nueva forma de derecho natural?

Nel sostenere la tesi che i diritti umani sono una forma di diritto naturale, si difende una particolare concezione del diritto naturale.

Soil moisture limiting olive orchard evapotranspiration

Two years of field data concerning soil moisture dynamics and water vapor fluxes over a rainfed olive orchard in Sicily are presented here in order to understand how climate, seasonality, water availability and farming practices drive evapotranspiration in such a peculiar Mediterranean vegetation. Soil moisture has been measured in two different points characterized by a uniformly sandy soil and at multiple depths up to 1.2 m. The observed dynamics are driven by rainfall inputs, which are frequent during the winter season and rare during the growing season, and by vegetation uptakes, which deplete the water stored in the soil. The top layers soil moisture status is much more time dependent …

Produttività dell’ulivo e dinamiche di umidità del suolo

Spatial distribution of temperature trends in Sicily

Climate change resulting from the enhanced greenhouse effect is expected to have great impacts on hydrological cycle and consequently on ecosystems. The effects of climate variability have direct implications on water management, as water availability is related to changes in temperature and precipitation regimes. At the same time, this kind of alterations drives ecological impacts on flora and fauna. For these reasons, many studies have been carried out to investigate the existence of some tendency in temperature and/or precipitation series in different geographic domains. In order to verify the hypothesis of temperature increase in Sicily (Italy), temperature data from about 80 spatially …

La cooperazione nel regime del disaccordo

Analisi della affidabilità dei database pluviometrici globali a scala locale. Applicazione al territorio siciliano

Negli ultimi anni i sistemi di misurazione e di stima delle precipitazioni, sono stati arricchiti dalla possibilità di ottenere stime attraverso dati acquisiti da sensori satellitari. I prodotti di stima così ottenuti risultano comunque spesso fortemente distorti. Per tale ragione le stime sulla base di soli dati satellitari, vengono ulteriormente elaborate attraverso l'utilizzo di dataset che raccolgono dati di precipitazione provenienti da reti pluviografiche al fine di ridurre la distorsione che caratterizza i dati satellitari. È auspicabile che questi dataset siano quanto più precisi al fine di fornire dati adatti alla correzione dei dati satellitari e in particolare alla riduzione dell…

Rawls e il diritto

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Il Rule of Law e il pluralismo giuridico contemporaneo

Si esamina l'evoluzione del rule of law alla luce del diritto costituzionale, internazionale e transnazionale contemporaneo

Interpretazione giuridica, diritti umani e la nuova scienza giuridica

Esami di alcuni aspetti del diritto contemporaneo che rimettono in discussione il paradigma consolidato di scienza giuridica: diritti umani, costituzionalismo, diritto internazionale.

Detecting hydrological changes through conceptual model

Natural changes and human modifications in hydrological systems coevolve and interact in a coupled and interlinked way. If, on one hand, climatic changes are stochastic, non-steady, and affect the hydrological systems, on the other hand, human-induced changes due to over-exploitation of soils and water resources modifies the natural landscape, water fluxes and its partitioning. Indeed, the traditional assumption of static systems in hydrological analysis, which has been adopted for long time, fails whenever transient climatic conditions and/or land use changes occur. Time series analysis is a way to explore environmental changes together with societal changes; unfortunately, the not disting…

L'obiezione di coscienza come diritto.

El artículo hace referencia al derecho de objeción de conciencia como un derecho constitucional general. Tal derecho no difiere del derecho a la libertad de conciencia que constituye su .fundamento y justificación. En el caso del derecho a la objeción de conciencia, la referencia a la Constitución representa su fuente de legitimidad, pero también un límite a su ejercicio. Estas restricciones dependen del respeto a otros valores constitucionales y de la razonabilidad de la entre los valores personales y los deberes impuestos por la ley. No necesariamente el derecho a la objeción de conciencia tiene que ser reconocido por el legislador; puede muy bien ser acogido por los jueces. Esto último p…

Diritto ed ermeneutica: itinerari recenti

L'insegnamento della Filosofia del diritto

La universalidad de los derechos humanos: un análisis conceptual

Si difende l'universalità dei diritti umani dagli argomenti contrari e sulla base di un concetto di universalità non essenzialistico, ma prospettico.

Le nuove configurazioni della natura per il diritto

Procedures for historical data characterization

Analitical deriving of the field capacity through soil bundle model

The concept of field capacity as soil hydraulic parameter is widely used in many hydrological applications. Althought its recurring usage, its definition is not univocal. Traditionally, field capacity has been related to the amount of water that remains in the soil after the excess water has drained away and the water downward movement experiences a significant decresase. Quantifying the drainage of excess of water may be vague and several definitions, often subjective, have been proposed. These definitions are based on fixed thresholds either of time, pressure, or flux to which the field capacity condition is associated. The flux­based definition identifies the field capacity as the soil m…

Costituzione,Democrazia e Diritto naturale

Si esaminano due modelli principali di costituzionalismo legati alla neutralizzazione dell'incertezza della volontà o di quella della ragione. Si mostra l'attualità del metodo della ragionevolezza pratica derivante dalla tradizione del diritto naturale

I diritti umani sono naturali?

Si sostiene la tesi che i diritti umani si discostano dalla tradizione moderna dei diritti naturali.

Transient Soil Moisture Dynamics and Climate Change in Mediterranean Ecosystems

Plants in Mediterranean ecosystems have developed different strategies to cope with transient soil-moisture dynamics induced by the markedly out of phase seasonal behavior of rainfall and temperature. Deep-rooted plants use the soil moisture stored in the wet winter (extensive users), while shallower rooted plants exploit both the wet season storage and the more sporadic growing season rainfall (intensive users). Using stochastic models of soil moisture dynamics, we present an analytical and numerical description of the probabilistic structure of the soil-moisture storage at the beginning of the growing season in relation to the dynamics of the wet season, and then study its evolution durin…

Analisi di incertezza associata a differenti periodi di campionamento in un modello giornaliero afflussi-deflussi

La libertà come valore politico

CONFRONTO TRA DIVERSE TECNICHE DI INTERPOLAZIONE DI DATI DI PRECIPITAZIONE E TEMPERATURA PER LA CREAZIONE DI DATASET DI SERIE STORICHE MENSILI COMPLETE DI VARIABILI CLIMATICHE

Diritti umani e giusnaturalismo contemporaneo

Annual runoff regional frequency analysis in Sicily

Abstract This paper performs annual runoff frequency analysis in Sicily, Italy using the index runoff method. Homogeneous regions, not necessarily defined by geographical boundaries but sharing common features from a morphologic and climatic standpoint, have been identified. For each region a single probability distribution function can be fitted to the available annual runoff data scaled by the index runoff. Starting from an initial dataset of 105 hydrometric stations, 57 stations have been selected using heuristic criteria associated with the Hosking and Wallis’s discordancy measure. The Mantel tests have been then applied to find out the physical and morphological parameters best correla…

Non c'è carità senza giustizia, non c'è giustizia senza carità

Commento all'enciclica di Benedetto XVI "Caritas in Veritate" dal punto di vista della filosofia politica e del diritto

Debolezza della volontà e incertezza della ragione

L'articolo si propone di collegare l'evoluzione del costituzionalismo con le due caratteristiche della natura umana: debolezza della volontà e incertezza della ragione. Nella seconda parte dell'articolo si discutono i rapporti tra il costituzionalismo e il pluralismo giuridico.

Forme di costituzionalismo e democrazia

Si esplorano alcuni modelli relativi ai possibili rapporti fra le procedure democratiche e i principi costituzionali, elaborati in riferimento sia al ruolo dell'autorità sia al ruolo della ragionevolezza.

Which Foundation for Human Rights?

The article argues the thesis according to which the problem of the foundation of human rights is not well formulated in the classic debate on it. The reason is that there are different kinds of foundations, depending on the different concepts of human rights, but also in consideration of the different aspects of their practice. The question is then which foundation fits with a notion of human rights as a legal and social practice. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of the idea that the practice of human rights is part of the current jus gentium. It aims at showing the implications of that relationship in terms of their appropriate legal grounds.

Co-evolution of hydrological components under climate change scenarios in the Mediterranean area

ABSTRACT The Mediterranean area is historically characterized by high human pressure on water resources. Today, while climate is projected to be modified in the future, through precipitation decrease and temperature increase, that jointly and non-linearly may affect runoff, concerns about water availability are increasing. For these reasons, quantitative assessment of future modifications in the mean annual water availability are important; likewise, the description of the future interannual variability of some hydrological components such as runoff and evapotranspiration are highly wished for water management and ecosystems dynamics analyses. This study investigates at basin spatial scale …

Evaluating the performances of an ecohydrological model in semi-arid river basins

The EHSM (EcoHydrological Streamflow Model) is a conceptual lumped model aimed to daily streamflow simulation. The model, processing daily rainfall and reference evapotranspiration at the basin scale, reproduces surface and subsurface runoff, soil moisture dynamics and actual evapotranspiration fluxes. The key elements of this numerical model are the soil bucket, where rainfall, evapotranspiration and leakage drive soil moisture dynamics, and two linear reservoirs working in parallel with different characteristic response times. The surface reservoir, able to simulate the fast response of the basin, is fed by rain falling on impervious area and by runoff generated with excess of saturation …

Ricostruzione delle curve di durata mediante un nuovo approccio ecoidrologico

Le curve di durata delle portate forniscono un importante sintesi dei processi idrologici più rilevanti occorrenti a scala di bacino. Sebbene vengano tipicamente ottenute a partire dalle osservazioni idrometriche, uno dei temi più rilevanti in idrologia è proprio la loro ricostruzione anche in bacini non strumentati. A tal proposito sono stati sviluppati negli ultimi anni svariati approcci teorici, alcuni dei quali meritano particolare attenzione per la loro semplicità di applicazione e accuratezza dei risultati mostrati. La curva di durata viene spesso disaggregata in due componenti: una componente veloce di deflusso superficiale ed una componente lenta di deflusso subsuperficiale. Un rece…

Die Verfassung zwischen Person und politischer Gemeinschaft

Il rapporto fra persona e cittadino alla luce del costituzionalismo contemporaneo

Valutazione dell’efficacia degli interventi progettuali nella costa di ladispoli

Effect of climate change on asphalt binder selection for road construction in Italy

This work explores the influence of climate changes on the proper selection of asphalt binder for pavement construction purposes, according to the Performance Grade (PG) defined in the SUPERPAVE specifications. Based on temperature data at national level, it is possible to obtain thematic maps for the whole Italian territory, which is extremely useful for technicians and pavement engineers for selection of asphalt binder for road construction purposes. Furthermore, the statistical significant temperature trends’ knowledge enables deriving thematic maps which allows to include the effects of climate change in the asphalt binder design. It is argued that, due to climate change, the binders to…

Costituzione e costituzionalismi

Si discutono i vari modi d'intendere una costituzione e ci si sofferma su quelli che riguardano il rapporto con la democrazia e con la comunità politica.

Modelling flows duration curves in Mediterranean river basins through an ecohydrological approach

The flow duration curve, representing the relationship between magnitude and frequency of streamflows in a basin, provides an important synthesis of the relevant hydrological processes occurring at the basin scale. It is typically obtained from field observations and, since most of the geographical areas of the world still lack suitable streamflow observations, its reconstruction in ungauged river basins is certainly an open and relevant issue in the hydrological literature. Different theoretical approaches have been developed in recent years, and in particular, a novel ecohydrological framework has provided considerable results. The aim of this study is to test with field data, a recent an…

Rule of Law.Il governo della legge ieri e oggi

In questa rivisitazione della formula del rule of law s’intende mostrare che essa non deve essere ridotta all’individuazione di determinate caratteristiche formali dei precetti giuridici e neppure allargata sì da comprendere determinati contenuti normativi del diritto, ma che essa è rivolta ad indicare come deve essere praticato il diritto. L’uso del diritto è importante quanto l’individuazione dei criteri formali di validità, e forse ancor più di questi. Questa linea di pensiero è illustrata sia facendo riferimento alla tradizione filosofico-giuridica, da Aristotele a Tommaso d’Aquino, sia segnalando l’espansione della formula del rule of law anche nella filosofia politica contemporanea, e…

An automatic tool for reconstructing monthly time-series of hydro-climatic variables at ungauged basins

Abstract Integrative information models for filling/reconstructing hydro-climatic time-series are required for a variety of practical applications. A GIS-based model for a rapid and reliable assessment of monthly time-series of several key hydro-climatic variables at the basin scale, is here developed as plug-in and applied to the entire region of Sicily (Italy). The plug-in, once the desired basin outlet section and time-window are selected, uses appropriate spatial techniques and algorithms to identify its drainage area and estimate the corresponding mean areal rainfall and temperatures time-series. A recent regional regressive rainfall-runoff model is successively applied for the assessm…

The Protection of the Human Being: The Values and Fundamental Rights of All Men as Inhabitants and as Cohabitants in the World

Si sviluppano argomenti volti a dimostrare la necessaria connessione della protezione dell'essere umano con la protezione degli animali e della natura in generale.

La concorrenza degli ordinamenti giuridici e il diritto come scelta

Si esamina il problema della scelta dell'ordinamento giuridico più favorevole, resa possibile nel diritto comunitario europeo

Autorità e bene comune nella società del pluralismo

Distribuzione spaziale dei trend pluviometrici in Sicilia (1921-2000)

Il modello della cooperazione

Si articola il concetto di cooperazione all'interno della categoria generale della coordinazione, sviluppando gli orientamenti proposti da Bratman.

El papel público de la religión en la societad multicultural

Si discutono i diversi orientamenti relativi al rapporto tra religione e politica con particolare riferimento alla democrazia mutliculturale.

L'incertezza parametrica in un modello di previsione di deflussi giornalieri per bacini effimeri

Analysis of uncertainty associated to different periods of sampling in a daily rainfall-runoff model

Olive yield as a function of soil moisture dynamics

This study introduces a water-driven crop model aiming to quantitatively link olive yield to climate and soil moisture dynamics using an ecohydrological approach. A mathematical model describing soil moisture, evapotranspiration and assimilation dynamics of olive orchards is developed here. The model is able to explicitly reproduce two different hydroclimatic phases in Mediterranean areas: the well-watered conditions in which evapotranspiration and assimilation assume their maximum values and the real conditions where the limitations induced by soil moisture availability are taken into account. Annual olive yield is obtained by integrating the carbon assimilation during the growing season, …

Transient soil-moisture dynamics and climate change in Mediterranean ecosystems

[1] Plants in Mediterranean ecosystems have developed different strategies to cope with transient soil-moisture dynamics induced by the markedly out of phase seasonal behavior of rainfall and temperature. Deep-rooted plants use the soil moisture stored in the wet winter (extensive users), while shallower rooted plants exploit both the wet season storage and the more sporadic growing season rainfall (intensive users). Using stochastic models of soil-moisture dynamics, we present an analytical and numerical description of the probabilistic structure of the soil-moisture storage at the beginning of the growing season in relation to the dynamics of the wet season and then study its evolution du…

L'universalità dei diritti umani: un'analisi concettuale

Si difende l'universalità dei diritti umani dagli argomenti avversi e sulla base di una concezione prospettica e non essenzialista.

Derecho de gentes antiguo y contemporáneo

Confronto tra la tradizione del diritto delle genti e quello che si può considerare come la sua attualizzazione contemporanea, che viene individuata nella nozione di "jus cogens".

I diritti umani:una nuova forma di diritto naturale?

Daily streamlow prediction with uncertainty in ephemeral catchments using the GLUE methodology

Abstract The Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) approach is presented here as a tool for estimating the predictive uncertainty of a rainfall–runoff model. The GLUE methodology allows to recognise the possible equifinality of different parameter sets and assesses the likelihood of a parameters set being acceptable simulator when model predictions are compared to observed field data. The results of the GLUE methodology depend greatly on the choice of the likelihood measure and on the choice of the threshold which determines if a parameters set is behavioural or not. Moreover the sampling size has a strong influence on the uncertainty assessment of the response of a rainfall–…

Problemi aperti

Prologo

Hans Kelsen and Practical Reason

The critique of practical reason, in all its possible forms, has a far more important and decisive role in Kelsen’s thought than the rejection of Natural law doctrine. Admitting that a practical use of reason is legitimate, namely, that there is a possible connection between intellect and will, would mean destroying the whole foundation of the scientific undertaking of the Pure Theory of law and its conception of the legal norm, which is its central aspect. By depriving practical reason of all foundation, any reference to agency and practical deliberation is excluded from Kelsen’s theory of law. Consequently, the Ought loses all capacity of attraction and motivation of human action, renderi…

Los derechos y las etades de la vida humana

the author proposes a vision for the human right based in the different stages of the natural human life that overcomes the abstract and ahistorical visión of them. In front of the universal justification insufficiency from the theories of the will and interest, the consideration based in the different truly universal and common stages, gives an universal justification of the human rights and specially of the human of the children and elder but not as special human rights but as essential human rights of every human being.

La legge naturale come ricerca comune del bene

ANALISI DEI TREND DI INDICI CLIMATICI IN SICILIA

Europe’s Path to Public Reason

Chapter 7 highlights how addressing public issues publicly is a main target of European institutions, considering their commitment to the identification of shared values and the protection of rights. In consideration of this, it is reasonable to ask whether the “Public Reason” set forth by Rawls can be somehow applied to Europe’s current perspective, understanding it to be the ruling criterion governing public issues. A major obstacle is to be found in the anti-pluralistic attitude which is widespread across the European states. However, constitutionalism, which is nowadays widely rooted on a global scale, makes contemporary political communities to characterize by disagreement and by the n…

En recuerdo de Sergio Cotta

 
  

Influence of serial correlation on climatic variables trends analysis in Sicily

¿Los derechos humanos,son derechos naturales?

L'articolo difende la tesi della profonda differenza fra i diritti umani e i diritti naturali

Una nuova teoria della legge naturale

Esposizione dei concetti fondamentali della teoria neoclassica del diritto naturale di John Finnis.

Climate changes' effects on vegetation water stress in Mediterranean areas

Many recent studies have demonstrated that CO(2) increase is driving the climate in Mediterranean areas towards important changes, mainly represented by a temperature increase and a contemporaneous rainfall reduction. Starting from this premise, the primary aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of potential climatic changes on vegetational stress in Mediterranean ecosystems. Particular attention is here focussed only on the plants' water stress in water controlled ecosystems, mainly related to soil water balance. The interactions among climate, soil and vegetation are evaluated numerically by means of an ecohydrological model. In this work, different future climatic scenari…

La disponibilità della vita umana.Linee generali

L'articolo esplora i problemi principali sollevati dal diritto di rifiutare le cura e dal testamento biologico

Natura umana e biopolitica. Uno sguardo d'insieme e un'analisi critica di una concezione particolare

Dopo uno sguardo generale sui problemi attuali della biopolitica, si esamina criticamente il pensiero di Foucault.

El conflicto de los valores

Ermeneutica giuridica e pluralismo

The traditional theory of legal interpretation has been worked out with reference to culturally homogeneous societies and on the basis of priority of domestic law.Nowadays both of these conditions has been vanished, because of cultural and legal pluralism. In this paper I aim to show that legal hermeneutics can cope with the problems that have been risen by contemporary pluralism. The main difficulty stems from the fact that philosophical hermeneutics too seems to necessarily require a kind of cultural homogeneity and steadiness that cannot be presupposed anymore.

Basin-scale water resources assessment in a sicilian basin under climate change scenarios using the conceptual model TOPDM

Climate change resulting due to the greenhouse effect is expected to have great implications for hydrological cycle and for existing surface and groundwater resources systems. The effects of climate variability and climate change have to be fully considered in current water management and planning, since water availability, quality and streamflow are very sensitive to changes in temperature and precipitation regimes. International literature proposes several models, attempting to assess accurately the available water resources under stationary and changing climatic conditions at different spatial and temporal scales. In order to assess the potential impacts of climate change on surface and …

Hydrological regime modifications induced by climate change in Mediterranean area

The knowledge of river flow regimes has a capital importance for a variety of practical applications, in water resource management, including optimal and sustainable use. Hydrological regime is highly dependent on climatic factors, among which the most important is surely the precipitation, in terms of frequency, seasonal distribution and intensity of rainfall events. The streamflow frequency regime of river basins are often summarized by flow duration curves (FDCs), that offer a simple and comprehensive graphical view of the overall historical variability associated with streamflow, and characterize the ability of the basin to provide flows of various magnitudes. Climate change is likely t…

Tetti verdi multistrato per lo sviluppo sostenibile di città resilienti: quattro casi studio italiani

Negli ultimi anni le inondazioni in ambito urbano sono state sempre più frequenti, provocando notevoli danni sia livello sociale che a livello economico. Questo fenomeno è in parte determinato da un aumento di urbanizzazione causato dalla crescita della popolazione, che tende sempre più a spostarsi dalle zone rurali alle aree urbane, che si espandono molto velocemente, spesso con infrastrutture idrauliche inadeguate. Inoltre, a causa di cambiamenti climatici, soprattutto nelle aree mediterranee, si può osservare un aumento di lunghi periodi di siccità, intervallati da piogge di breve durata, ma di sempre più forte intensità e frequenza. La presenza di questi fenomeni di pioggia intensa, in …

Spatial distribution of rainfall trends in Sicily (1921–2000)

Abstract The feared global climate change could have important effects on various environmental variables including rainfall in many countries around the world. Changes in precipitation regime directly affect water resources management, agriculture, hydrology and ecosystems. For this reason it is important to investigate the changes in the spatial and temporal rainfall pattern in order to improve water management strategies. In this study a non-parametric statistical method (Mann–Kendall rank correlation method) is employed in order to verify the existence of trend in annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall and the distribution of the rainfall during the year. This test is applied to about 25…

Analisi dei trend climatici in Sicilia

Salinity and periodic inundation controls on the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum of gray mangroves

Salinity and periodic inundation are both known to have a major role in shaping the ecohydrology of mangroves through their controls on water uptake, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, gas-exchanges and nutrient availability. Salinity, in particular, can be considered one of the main abiotic regulating factors for halophytes and salt tolerant species, due to its influence on water use patterns and growth rate. Ecohydrological literature has rarely focused on the effects of salinity on plant transpiration, based on the fact that the terrestrial plants mostly thrive in low saline, unsaturated soils where the role of osmotic potential can be considered negligible. However, the effect of sal…

Globalización del derecho y derechos humanos

Globalizzazione; Diritti umani

Umano e post-umano:la questione dell'identità

Si affronta la questione dell'identità umana nell'era tecnologica sulla base della tesi dell'impossibilità di separare nettamente cosa siamo,cioè l'identità umana,da chi siamo, cioè l'identità personale.

Lo statuto normativo della dignità umana

L'articolo affronta il problema dei rapporti fra il concetto di dignità umana e il concetto di diritti umani

Analysis of trend existence in monthly precipitation in Sicily

Influenza della soglia di accettazione nell’analisi di incertezza

Alfonso Catania:un giuspositivista mai pentito

Lo scritto intende dimostrare la persistenza dell'orientamento giuspositivista pur nella trasformazione del pensiero di Alfonso Catania

Una lettura del pensiero di Francesco De Sanctis

Diritto naturale e liberalismo. Dialogo o conflitto?

Confronto fra diritto naturale e liberalismo in tema di rule of law e di etica delle virtù

IUS GENTIUM E IUS COGENS. ALLE RADICI DEL DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE DEI DIRITTI UMANI

The state of water resources in major mediterranean islands

This work analyses the state of water resources in six Mediterranean islands: Corsica, Crete, Cyprus, Mallorca, Malta and Sicily. The analysis is focused on the prevailing social, economic and hydroclimatological characteristics of these islands in order to identify the main common features affecting water availability, demand and use. A detailed analysis of the state of water resources in all the considered islands has been carried out. A background of current conditions relating to freshwater availability, quality and use has been established. Different strategies to face water scarcity and enhance water quality in theislands have been assessed in a context of climate change which is a co…

Tecnica, etica e diritti umani

Le sfide del diritto contemporaneo alla scienza giuridica

Si esaminano le seguenti sfide alla scienza giuridica:i diritti umani,la costituzionalizzazione del diritto;il primato del caso concreto;l'internazionalizzazione del diritto e il pluralismo giuridico

Aquinas (On Natural Law)

Diritti umani e natura umana

The Links of Community according Liberalism and Communitarism

EHSM: UN NUOVO MODELLO CONCETTUALE PER LA SIMULAZIONE DEL DEFLUSSO GIORNALIERO

Il federalismo come ideale politico regolativo in Italia e in Europa

L'articolo ricostruisce il pensiero federalista al tempo dell'Unità d'Italia e lo collega con le riflessioni attuali sul federalismo europeo.

Conflitti d'identità e conflitti di valori

Si esamina la differenza fra il concetto di valore e il concetto d'identità,mostrando la tendenza diffusa ad una confusione fra di essi con la conseguente confusione nel modo di affrontare i conflitti di valori e i conflitti d'identità

Dimensioni dell'effettività (Tavola rotonda)

Utilizzo degli L-Moments per l’analisi regionale delle portate di piena in Sicilia.

Annual runoff assessment in arid Mediterranean watersheds under the Budyko framework

The solution of many practical water problems is strictly connected to the availability of reliable and widespread information about runoff. The estimation of mean annual runoff and its interannual variability for any basin over a wide region, even if ungauged, would be fundamental for both water resources assessment and planning and for water quality analysis. Starting from these premises, the main aim of this work is to show how using the Budyko framework is possible to map the mean annual surface runoff and derive the pdf of the same variable in arid watersheds. As a case study, the entire island of Sicily, Italy, is here proposed. First, time series data of annual rainfall, runoff and r…

Budyko’s Based Method for Annual Runoff Characterization across Different Climatic Areas: an Application to United States

Runoff data knowledge is of fundamental importance for a wide range of hydrological, ecological, and socioeconomic applications. The reconstruction of annual runoff is a fundamental task for several activities related to water resources management, especially for ungauged basins. At catchment scales, the Budyko's framework provides an extremely useful and, in some cases, accurate estimation of the long-term partitioning of precipitation into evapotranspiration and runoff as a function of the prevailing climatic conditions. Recently the same long-term partitioning rules have been successfully used to describe water partitioning also at the annual scale and calculate the annual runoff distrib…

Mapping the annual runoff data in Sicily using a geostatistical approach

The availability of reliable and long time series of runoff data is fundamental for most of the hydrological analyses and for the assessment and the management of water resources even in condition of global climatic change. However, hydrologic data set are often characterized by a short duration and also suffer from missing data values, mainly due to malfunctioning of gauging stations for a specific period. In order to overcome this problem and obtain long and continuous runoff time series, different models and methods have been previously developed and proposed. While some models, used to extent the streamflow record, are conceptual, empirical, regressive models based on the rainfall input…

Il diritto come scelta

Si discutono le implicazioni della problematica sulla concorrenza degli ordinamenti giuridici europei sulla filosofia e teoria del diritto.

The Rule of Law in Legal Pluralism

L'applicazione dei principi del rule of law al diritto contemporaneo richiede preliminarmente una perlustrazione del concetto di pluralismo giuridico, che in questo scritto si limita al pluralismo degli sistemi giuridici ufficiali nell'ambito del diritto internazionale, del diritto europeo e del diritto interno. Ciò conduce ad evidenziare i nuovi problemi che il rule of law deve oggi affrontare e a saggiare i margini di flessibilità a cui è sottoposto verso una sua trasformazione in un constitutional rule of law accompagnato da un metodo democratico deliberativo.

Regional flow duration curves for ungauged sites in Sicily

Abstract. Flow duration curves are simple and powerful tools to deal with many hydrological and environmental problems related to water quality assessment, water-use assessment and water allocation. Unfortunately the scarcity of streamflow data enables the use of these instruments only for gauged basins. A regional model is developed here for estimating flow duration curves at ungauged basins in Sicily, Italy. Due to the complex ephemeral behaviour of the examined region, this study distinguishes dry periods, when flows are zero, from wet periods using a three parameters power law to describe the frequency distribution of flows. A large dataset of streamflows has been analysed and the param…

Legal Hermeneutics and Cultural Pluralism

ModABa MODEL: ANNUAL FLOW DURATION CURVES ASSESSMENT IN EPHEMERAL BASINS

A representation of the streamflow regime for a river basin is required for a variety of hydrological analyses and engineering applications, from the water resource allocation and utilization to the environmental flow management. The flow duration curve (FDC)represents a comprehensive signature of temporal runoff variability often used to synthesize catchment rainfall-runoff responses. Several models aimed to the theoretical reconstruction of the FDC have been recently developed under different approaches, and a relevant scientific knowledge specific to this topic has been already acquired. In this work, a new model for the probabilistic characterization of the daily streamflows in perennia…

Prólogo

Chiesa, diritti umani e legge naturale

discussione critica del volume di "Menozzi,Chiesa e diritti umani,Il Mulino, Bologna 20122

Pluralismo e tolleranza

Cristianesimo e legge naturale

Comparative Analysis of Spatial Interpolation Methods in the Mediterranean Area: Application to Temperature in Sicily

An exhaustive comparison among different spatial interpolation algorithms was carried out in order to derive annual and monthly air temperature maps for Sicily (Italy). Deterministic, data-driven and geostatistics algorithms were used, in some cases adding the elevation information and other physiographic variables to improve the performance of interpolation techniques and the reconstruction of the air temperature field. The dataset is given by air temperature data coming from 84 stations spread around the island of Sicily. The interpolation algorithms were optimized by using a subset of the available dataset, while the remaining subset was used to validate the results in terms of the accur…

Quando il diritto diventa morale

This paper is divided in two parts. In the first one Damiano Canale’s description of practical conflicts between law and morality is revisited and some criticisms proposed. The second part is devoted to a short exploration of the varieties of ways of understanding morality particularly in relation with the moral nature of law itself.

Educare al bene comune

I volti della dignità umana

Si esaminano le due teorie della dignità umana, quella della dotazione e quella della prestazione

La protezione dell'essere umano:valori e diritti fondamentali dell'uomo come abitante e co-abitante nel mondo

Dopo avere esaminato alcune teorie ecologiche recenti, si sviluppano considerazioni sulle condizioni di possibilità di una nuova alleanza fra uomo e natura con specifico riferimento al diritto alla vita e ai diritti di libertà

Introduzione

Introduzione al volume "Lo Stato contemporaneo e la sua crisi"

Annual runoff assessment in arid and semiarid Mediterranean watersheds under the Budyko's framework

The solution of many practical water problems is strictly connected to the availability of reliable and widespread information about runoff. The estimation of mean annual runoff and its interannual variability for any basin over a wide region, even if ungauged, would be fundamental for both water resources assessment and planning and for water quality analysis. Starting from these premises, the main aim of this work is to show a new approach, based on the Budyko's framework, for mapping the mean annual surface runoff and deriving the probability distribution of the annual runoff in arid and semiarid watersheds. As a case study, the entire island of Sicily, Italy, is here proposed. First, ti…

El Rule of Law como idea de Sociedad

Como es bien sabido, el rule of law, que hoy atrae una atención renovada, puede observarse desde múltiples puntos de vista, lo cual produce ambigüedad y malentendidos. Parece prometer más de lo que puede cumplir. No me ilusiono con que mis escritos sobre el tema sean útiles para su mejor comprensión y realmente espero que no hayan contribuido en su pequeñez a agitar aún más las aguas. Por esta razón, agregaré otras consideraciones de carácter más general, orientadas a incluir la problemática del rule of law en el contexto más amplio de una concepción del derecho. Si se mira a la distancia, las cosas se ven con menos claridad, pero se ven más y, sobre todo, en su interconexión e interdepende…

Negoziare ed argomentare in tema d'identità e di valori

L'articolo mira ad esplorare l'uso della negoziazione e dell'argomentazione nel riconoscimento delle idendità e dei valori da parte della comunità politica

Parametric uncertainty or hydrological changes?

Abstract. The model calibration is the way of hydrologists for searching also a physical interpretation of complex interactions acting within a basin. Actually, it can be frequently noticed how model calibration performed on a given time-window may converge to a point in the parameter space that could be distant from another obtainable calibration of the model in the same basin but considering a different time window. Is that again parametric uncertainty or does the trajectory in the parametric space relate about to a slow hydrological basin change? This paper depicts a possible path for detecting changes' signatures in a streamflow time series. In particular, the paper seeks to draw a way …

Rainfall statistics changes in Sicily

Abstract. Changes in rainfall characteristics are one of the most relevant signs of current climate alterations. Many studies have demonstrated an increase in rainfall intensity and a reduction of frequency in several areas of the world, including Mediterranean areas. Rainfall characteristics may be crucial for vegetation patterns formation and evolution in Mediterranean ecosystems, with important implications, for example, in vegetation water stress or coexistence and competition dynamics. At the same time, characteristics of extreme rainfall events are fundamental for the estimation of flood peaks and quantiles which can be used in many hydrological applications, such as design of the mos…

Rawls e il Rule of Law

L'articolo sostiene che il pensiero di Rawls può essere interpretato come una trascrizione in chiave politica del modello giuridico basato sui principi del rule of law. Questa chiave di lettura potrebbe risultare illuminante sui rapporti fra diritto e politica nel pensiero di Rawls.

How different likelihood measures play a role in studying the uncertainty in the rainfall-runoff modelling of a mediterranean catchment

Effetti di urbanizzazione e cambiamenti climatici sui deflussi a scala di bacino

Fra le pressioni di natura antropica agenti sui bacini idrografici, particolare rilevanza hanno sia la progressiva perdita di suoli naturali in favore di suoli poco, o per nulla, permeabili (es. strade, edifici, parcheggi, etc.) che la regimazione e regolazione dei deflussi sulla rete di drenaggio naturale mediante interventi idraulici. In particolare, l’ultima relazione sullo stato dell’ambiente europeo a cura dell’Agenzia Europea dell’Ambiente (AEA, 2010) considera l’impermeabilizzazione dei bacini naturali come uno dei maggiori processi di degrado del suolo. L’aumento del grado di urbanizzazione dei bacini naturali, inteso come aumento della frazione impermeabile del suolo derivante dell…

Wind speed and temperature trends impacts on reference evapotranspiration in Southern Italy

In this study, the impacts of both temperature and wind speed trends on reference evapotranspiration have been assessed using as a case study the Southern Italy, which present a wide variety of combination of such climatic variables trends in terms of direction and magnitude. The existence of statistically significant trends in wind speed and temperature from observational datasets, measured in ten stations over Southern Italy during the period 1968–2004, has been investigated. Time series have been examined using the Mann–Kendall nonparametric statistical test in order to detect possible evidences of wind speed and temperature trends at different temporal resolution and significance level.…

EFFECTS OF DATA GAP ON THE CAPABILITY TO DETECT TREND IN HYDROCLIMATOLOGICAL TIME SERIES

In the last decades the growing concerns about the existence of global climatic changes push many researchers to use different trend test in order to identify whether monotonic trends exist in hydroclimatological time series such as temperature, precipitation, and streamflow. Unfortunately, these time series often suffer from missing data values mainly due to malfunctioning of gauge for specific time periods. Starting from this premise, the main target of our work is to investigate the effect of data gap in a time series on the results provided by the most used trend test: the nonparametric Mann–Kendall statistical test. Firstly, different synthetic time series characterized by different si…

Laicidad de las instituciones, societad multicultural y religiones

Si affronta il problema della laicità delle istituzioni in una società multiculturale con particolare riferimento al tema della neutralità dello Stato.

Democrazia deliberativa e società multiculturale

Daily rainfall statistics in Sicily (1920-2000)

Rainfall characteristics are crucial for vegetation patterns formation and evolution in Mediterranean ecosystems. Changes in rainfall frequency and intensity could cause vegetation water stress for some plant species and benefit, at the same time, other species, driving coexistence and competition dynamics. The changes in the precipitation characteristics are sometimes more important than the changes in the total amount of precipitation in determining the partitioning between green and blue water with several implications for both the vegetation communities health and water resource management. Decreasing rainfall is a clear signature of climate change in Mediterranean countries. Annual and…

Negotiation of Identities and Negotiation of Values in Multicultural Societies

This chapter addresses the notions of identity negotiation and value negotiation from a philosophical perspective. The relationship between personal or collective identity and core values is here analyzed. Identity is described as constituted by a set of core values. Yet, while identity is—by definition—particular, core values intend to be universal although they are practiced in particular cultural contexts and are susceptible of different interpretations and applications. The author claims that whether negotiation is meant in contractual terms, it is an adequate tool only to manage interests but not identitarian values. However, if negotiation is meant as a process of gradual adaptation t…

Trend dei deflussi in Sicilia

Gli effetti del cambiamento climatico si manifestano in maniera apprezzabile nelle modifiche subite da precipitazioni, temperatura e deflussi, in numerose località del pianeta, non solo con riferimento alla loro entità, più frequentemente indagata, ma anche riguardo alla loro variabilità nel corso dell’anno. In riferimento a questo secondo aspetto, con il lavoro qui riportato, si è voluto indagare circa l’esistenza o meno di un trend nella durata delle stagioni e nella quantità di risorsa idrica prodotta durante le stagioni stesse. Queste in genere sono identificate con criteri legati alle cadenze mensili che tengono conto solo sommariamente dell’effettiva variazione climatica stagionale; p…

Il futuro del diritto

italianoL’obiettivo di questo scritto e solo quello di esaminare alcune res novae del diritto contemporaneo al fine d’intravedere le loro potenzialita e di individuare i pregiudizi di cui dovrebbe liberarsi la teoria giuridica. L’attenzione e rivolta ai diritti umani, al processo di costituzionalizzazione del diritto, al primato della persona umana e del caso concreto, al processo d’internazionalizzazione del diritto, al pluralismo giuridico e all’evoluzione del concetto di sistema giuridico. Cio che accomuna tutte queste res novae e senza dubbio il rilievo centrale che assume la ragion pratica nella teoria del diritto. EnglishThe aim of this article is just to examine some res novae in con…

Procedure di caratterizzazione dei dati storici

Politeismo dei valori e diritti umani

L'articolo esplora i vari modi d'intendere il politeismo dei valori e i loro rapporti con la problematica attuale dei diritti umani

Climate changes effects on vegetation in Mediterranean areas

The Mediterranean ecosystems evolved under climatic conditions characterized by precipitations markedly out of phase with the growing period for the vegetation there established. In such environments, deep and shallow rooted species cohabit and compete each other. The formers, being characterized by deeper root, are able to utilize the water stored during the dormant season, while the conditions of shallow rooted plant are closely related to the intermittence of the precipitations. A numerical model has been here used in order to carry out an analysis of the potential climate changes influence on the vegetation state in a typical Mediterranean environment, such as Sicilian one. The most imp…

La democracia deliberativa entre constitucionalismo y multiculturalismo

La via europea della ragione pubblica

Si esamina quale modello di ragione pubblica è il più adatto per la società civile e politica europea, se quello rawlsiano o quello habermasiano. Tale questione deve tener conto dell'apertura della società europea al pluralismo e del modo in cui è in grado di praticare l'etica del discorso pubblico.

Conflitto

Diritti umani

Maggiore, Giuseppe

Ragione pubblica

Libertà di coscienza e laicità dello Stato

recensione critica al libro di A. Spadaro, Libertà di coscienza e laicità nello Stato costituzionale.

Antropologia e diritti

La voce esplora le basi antropologiche generali dei diritti umani