0000000000010389
AUTHOR
Lea-marie Vogt
Regulation of human inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by an upstream open reading frame.
Abstract The human inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene contains an upstream open reading frame (uORF) in its 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) implying a translational regulation of iNOS expression. Transfection experiments in human DLD-1 cells revealed that the uORF although translatable seems not to inhibit the translation start at the bona fide ATG. Our data clearly show that human iNOS translation is cap-dependent and that the 5′-UTR of the iNOS mRNA contains no internal ribosome entry site. Translation of the bona fide coding sequence is most likely mediated by a leaky scanning mechanism. The 5′-UTR is encoded by exon 1 and exon 2 of the iNOS gene with the uORF stop codon located…
Double stimuli-responsive polysaccharide block copolymers as green macrosurfactants for near-infrared photodynamic therapy
The NIR absorbing photosensitizer phthalocyanine zinc (PC(Zn)) was stabilized in aqueous media as water-dispersible nanoparticles with a reduction- and pH-responsive full polysaccharide block copolymer. A cellular uptake and also photo switchable intracellular activity of the cargo upon irradiation at wavelengths in the near infrared region were shown. The block copolymer was synthesized by applying a copper-free click strategy based on a thiol exchange reaction, creating an amphiphilic double-stimuli-responsive mixed disulfide. The dual-sensitive polysaccharide micelles represent a non-toxic and biodegradable green macrosurfactant for the delivery of phthalocyanine zinc. By encapsulation i…