0000000000033923
AUTHOR
Giandomenico Bompiani
Haemorheological components in the pre-geriatric and geriatric age range in a randomly selected Western Sicily population sample (Casteldaccia study)
{Received 24.8.1992; accepted 7.12.1992} On a randomly selected western Sicily population sample (Casteldac cia Study: 600 subjects; 300 males and 300 females) of an age range from 40 to 79 years, were determined: Haematocrit (Htc) , blood vi scosity, plasma viscosity, filterability of whole blood and fibrinogen. Par ticipation was 97%, being 582 subjects (M = 287, F = 295). All the parameters measured showed a progressive increase with age and si gnificant differences were found between male and female subjects: Htc and blood viscosity were higher in male subjects (p < 0.01), while plasma viscosity, whole blood filterability and fibrinogen were higher in female subjects (p < 0.05). In …
Insulin resistance and endogenous digoxin-like factor in obese hypertensive patients with glucose intolerance
Hypertensive obese subjects with glucose intolerance have hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance and intracellular cation imbalance resulting in increased sodium content. The aim of our study was to assess in these patients plasma levels of endogenous digoxin-like factor (EDLF), an inhibitor of the sodium-pump mechanism. We studied 14 hypertensive and 12 normotensive subjects with obesity and glucose intolerance for fasting blood glucose, and plasma insulin, C-peptide and EDLF levels: the two groups were matched for age and BMI and were studied after a 2-week wash-out period from hypotensive drugs. Compared with normotensives, hypertensive subjects had higher plasma insulin levels, a greater…
Livelli serici di insulina nel soggetto normale (Obeso e non) e nel diabetico obeso Dopo Carico Intragastrico di Aminoacidi
Gli AA. hanno somministrato in 5 soggetti normali normosomici, in 5 obesi metabolicamente sani e in 5 diabetici obesi un carico intragastrico (mediante sondino) di 9 aminoacidi essenziali (arginina, fenil-alanina, valina, leucina, lisina, metionina, isoleucina, istidina, triptofano) per un totale di g 30 ed hanno valutato la risposta insulo-pancreatica. In tutti i casi di soggetti in esame si e messo in evidenza un significativo aumento dell'insulinemia, determinata con metodo radioimmunologico. Il picco insulinemico e stato di 45 ± 11 µU/ml nei normali normosomici, di 65 ± 6 µU/ml negli obesi e di 52 ± 8 nei diabetici obesi, rispettivamente a 75 mp, a 60 mp e a 105 mp. La caduta insulinemi…
Improvement of fibrinolysis and plasma lipoprotein levels induced by gemfibrozil in hypertriglyceridemia.
A randomized double-blind study was carried out with gemfibrozil (600 mg b.i.d.) vs placebo in 20 patients (twelve males and eight females, age 52 +/- 3 years, BMI 24.2 +/- 0.4) suffering from primary hypertriglyceridemia (Fredrickson's type IV). Each group was treated for a 12 week period with gemfibrozil (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) patients) in a double-blind fashion. Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and its subfractions (HDL2-C and HDL3-C), blood glucose, Apolipoproteins A1 and B, fibrinogen, plasminogen, factor VII, t-PA:Ag and PAI activity pre- and post-venous occlusion (VO) were determined. In the gemfibrozil-treated group a significant decrease of total cholesterol and tri…
Effects of heparin treatment on hemostatic abnormalities in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
This study was conducted to identify the mechanisms responsible for coagulative and fibrinolytic alterations and to study the effects of a short-term treatment with low-dose heparin on hemostatic abnormalities in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. Four groups of age- and sex-matched patients were studied: (1) lean nondiabetic subjects (n = 30) with a body mass index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m2 (lean control subjects), (2) obese nondiabetic subjects (n = 30) with a BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 (obese control subjects), (3) lean NIDDM patients (n = 30), and (4) obese NIDDM patients (n = 30). All subjects were tested on the following parameters: fibrinogen, factor VII, p…
Evaluation of B-cell secretion and peripheral insulin resistance during pregnancy and after delivery in gestational diabetes mellitus with obesity
Nine pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were studied. Six normal pregnant women and six normal nonpregnant women were evaluated as control groups. All the women underwent oral glucose tolerance test and glucose clamp during the third trimester of pregnancy and two months after delivery. During OGTT, glucose, C-peptide and insulin plasma levels were determined. C-peptide and insulin values in the late phase of OGTT were higher during pregnancy than after delivery in both groups. In gestational diabetic women, the M-value in the second steady-state during glucose clamp was lower than in controls, both during pregnancy and after delivery. Nevertheless, in both groups the M…
Risposta insulo-secretrice al carico endovenoso di tolbutamide
Gli AA. hanno studiato il comportamento della risposta insulinemica dopo stimolazione con tolbutamide endovenosa in un piccolo gruppo di soggetti normali normosomici, obesi non diabetici e diabetici obesi. In tutti i soggetti il massimo aumento dell'insulinemia (determinata con metodo radio-immunologico) compare a 5 mp ed e maggiore negli obesi rispetto ai normali e ai diabetici. La caduta percentuale del picco insulinemico dimostra un andamento parallelo nei normali e negli obesi, mentre e molto piu lenta nei diabetici obesi. Vengono discusse le cause di questo comportamento e la natura dell'iperinsulinismo presente nell'obesita con e senza diminuita tolleranza agli idrati di carbonio.
Changes induced by pravastatin treatment on hemostatic and fibrinolytic patterns in patients with type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia
Abstract A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study of pravastatin versus placebo was carried out for 24 weeks in 20 patients with type IIb primary hyperlipoproteinemia. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, blood glucose, apolipoproteins (apo) A1 and B, and lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) levels were determined. A venous occlusion test was also performed in all patients. Pre- and postvenous occlusion tests were determined: tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA[Ag]), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity, factor VII, fibrinogen, plasminogen, and hematocrit. Compared with placebo, pravastatin signi…
Coagulation, fibrinolysis and haemorheology in premenopausal obese women with different body fat distribution
Recently waist/hip ratio (WHR), a marker of body fat distribution, has been described as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of body fat distribution on metabolic, haemostatic and haemorheological pattern in premenopausal obese women with different WHR. Fourty premenopausal obese women were subdivided into two groups, matched for age and body mass index (BMI): 20 women with abdominal obesity (WHR = 0.94 +/- 0.02) and 20 women with peripheral obesity (WHR = 0.77 +/- 0.03). Twenty nonobese women were recruited as control group. The abdominal obesity group had significantly higher blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholest…
Immunoregulatory T-lymphocyte subset deficiency in newly diagnosed Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
Humoral and cell-mediated disorders in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes suggest that an imbalance of immunoregulatory T-cell subsets exists. In 23 newly diagnosed (onset less than 3 months) and 21 long-standing Type 1 diabetic patients, T lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using monoclonal antibodies (OKT3, OKT4, OKT8, OKM1). The newly diagnosed patients showed a reduction with a significant difference from healthy controls in total T cells (OKT3+: 58.1 +/- 8.5% versus 70.7 +/- 8.0%), helper/inducer cells (OKT4+: 33.8 +/- 7.0% versus 47.1 +/- 8.3%), suppressor/cytotoxic cells (OKT8+: 18.5 +/- 7.3% versus 32 +/- 6.8%) and monocytes (OKM1+: 11.5 +/- 3.8% versus 19.9 +/- 5.2%) (p less than 0.…
Leukocyte migration test (LMT) in patients with thyroid disease: the response to human thyroid subcellular fractions.
The response of circulating leukocytes to thyroid subcellular fractions was investigated in 19 patients with Graves' disease, 15 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 7 patients with toxic adenoma, 19 patients with nontoxic goiter and in 10 healthy students as control subjects. For this purpose, the leukocyte migration test of Soborg and Bendixen was performed against human crude thyroid extract (CTE), cell plasma membranes, nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria and microsomes. Our results show positive LMT against: 1) CTE in patients with Graves' disease (61 +/- 13, p less than 0.001) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (65 +/- 11, p less than 0.001) compared to controls (90 +/- 11); 2) cell plasma mem…
Prevalence of residual B-cell function related to age at onset and genetic profile in newly diagnosed type I diabetics.
Patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus maintain B-cell function for a varying period of time after onset. This is commonly held to account for post-initial remission. To estimate residual B-cell function we measured plasma and 24-h urinary C-peptide in 68 type I diabetic patients (age range 4-35 years, within 10-180 days of the onset of symptoms, typed for HLA-A, -B, -C and DR loci. A positive correlation (r = 0.26; p less than 0.05) was found between urinary C-peptide levels and the age of the patient. The analysis of variance of urinary C-peptide values on the basis of the presence or absence of DR3 and DR4 antigens revealed that the DR3-positive patients had reduced e…
Fibrinolysis in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects in response to venous occlusion.
We have measured various fibrinolytic and coagulation parameters (t-PA antigen, PAI, fibrinogen, plasminogen and factor VII) before and after 10 min of venous occlusion in 20 hypertryglyceridaemic subjects (twelve males and eight females, age 38 +/- 4 years, body mass index 23 +/- 1.5) and 20 healthy normal subjects, matched for sex (twelve males and eight females), age (37 +/- 3.5 years) and body mass index (22.8 +/- 1.4). At rest, t-PA:Ag, PAI, fibrinogen, plasminogen and factor VII were significantly (P < 0.005) higher in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects than in normal controls. After venous occlusion, the increase in all parameters except t-PA:Ag was more marked in the patient group than …
Study on maternal, fetal and amniotic prolactin in gestational diabetic women, at term.
In order to determine whether prolactin secretion was affected in diabetic pregnancy, maternal, fetal and amniotic fluid prolactin (PRL) concentrations were measured in gestational non treated diabetic women at parturition. Amniotic fluid PRL levels, though higher than those in maternal and fetal serum, were significantly lower than those of the controls (p less than 0.005); no case of respiratory distress syndrome or congenital malformation was found at birth.
Effect of gemfibrozil treatment on fibrinolysis system in patients with hypertriglyceridemia
Abstract The effect of gemfibrozil on lipidic, coagulative, and fibrinolytic pattern was studied in 20 patients with primary type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. After a 4-week stabilization period during which administration of lipid-lowering drugs was stopped and an isocaloric diet (20% protein, 30% fat, and 50% carbohydrates) was prescribed, 20 patients (12 men and 8 women; mean age, 38 ± 4 years; body mass index, 23.4 ± 1.5) suffering from primary hypertriglyceridemia were included in this study and treated for a 12-week period with gemfibrozil (600 mg BID). Every 4 weeks the following parameters were checked: glycemia, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, to…