0000000000039853
AUTHOR
Salvador Llana-belloch
Efectos de la vibración sobre la actividad del rectus abdominis y sobre la transmisión de aceleraciones durante la realización de un puente frontal. (Effects of whole body vibration on rectus abdominis activity and transmission of accelerations during a front bridge exercise).
Durante las dos ultimas decadas se ha incrementado notablemente la utilizacion de la vibracion como medio complementario de ejercicio fisico. La literatura cientifica muestra distintos efectos positivos, aunque la mayor parte de ensayos se han centrado en el analisis del ejercicio de squat. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la actividad muscular del rectus abdominis y la transmision de la vibracion en el cuerpo humano durante la realizacion de un puente frontal sobre una plataforma vibratoria oscilante vibrando a diferentes frecuencias (5, 16, 20 Hz) y a una amplitud constante (3 mm). Las aceleraciones maximas en la cabeza (ejes X, Y, Z) y la actividad electromiografica media de…
Effects of functional resistance training on fitness and quality of life in females with chronic nonspecific low-back pain.
BACKGROUND: Exercise is important as adjuvant in the chronic low back pain (CLBP) treatment. Functional training could involve benefits for low back pain (LBP) patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a 12-week period of functional resistance training on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), disability, body pain, and physical fitness in CLBP females. METHODS: Nineteen females CLBP were recruited according to Paris Task Force on Back Pain criteria. Participants were randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG); and a control group (CG). Subjects were tested at baseline and at week 12 after 24 sessions, 2 days per week. Body pain was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS), disabili…
Effects of the exercise in the cerebral blood flow and metabolism: A review
In recent years it has been shown that cerebral blood flow is affected by intense exercise, what may even lead to a reduction in the cognitive capacity. This statement is contrary to the traditional belief that cerebral blood flood remains constant and unaltered even when exercise is performed. During physical exercise of moderate intensity, cerebral blood flow increases in the cerebral areas responsible for movement. Moreover, recent studies have observed that cerebral blood flow decreases during high-intensity exercise as a consequence of a local hyperventilation and vasoconstriction of the areas with lower cerebral activity. Traditionally, the glucose has been considered as the main and …
Preliminary study of the neuromuscular activation during barefoot and shod running
El objetivo del presente estudio preliminar fue comparar la actividad muscular de los músculos tibial anterior, peroneo lateral largo, gastrocnemio medial y gastrocnemio lateral entre la carrera con y sin calzado, y la influencia de la fatiga. 7 participantes realizaron una carrera de fatiga de 20 minutos al 75% de su velocidad aeróbica máxima en cinta con 1% de pendiente. Se midió la actividad mioeléctrica de los músculos antes mencionados tanto antes como después de la prueba de fatiga en dos condiciones: con calzado y sin calzado. Los resultados mostraron una mayor actividad del tibial anterior durante la carrera en fatiga descalzo respecto a la carrera calzado y una mayor actividad del …
Estudio presurométrico y biomecánico del pie en el pádel
[EN] Padel is a very popular sport in countries like Spain, Argentina and Brazil, but there is a lack of scientific papers analyzing the harmfulness of their practice. Padel movements could potentially damage the foot and ankle joint. Therefore, the objective of this study was the characterization of the foot role during the execution of the most representative padel movements by techniques of pressurometry and video. The study was divided in two parts: pressurometric analysis of two movements (head-on displacement and split-step), and video recording of the foot during two games. The main conclusions of the study are the importance of forefoot zone in the padel movements, the importance of…
Relationship between anthropometric parameters, physiological responses, routes and competition results in formula windsurfing
Formula windsurfing is faster than the Olympic version, due to anumber of unique differences. This study was designed to identify the importance of anthropometric and cardiac factors on the final result of the European Formula Windsurf Championships (2007). We selected 45 competitors (30 amateurs and 15 professionals) of 30±9.77 years of age, a height of 182.6±0.06 cm, a weight of 81.67±7.35 kg and a BMIof 24.7±2.1 kg. They were divided into three groups (PG: 15; TG: 45and GPSG: 12). We followed the recommendations of Carter and Marfell-Jones for the anthropometric measurements. The route, speed, distance and heart rate were recorded using an FRWD W600 GPS (Global Positioning System) unit. …
Elaboración y validación biomecánica de un guante de protección para jugar a pelota valenciana. (Elaboration and biomechanical validation of a protection glove for playing pelota valenciana).
ResumenLa pelota valenciana es uno de los antiguos juegos de pelota a mano que perdura en la Comunidad Valenciana. Para amortiguar los impactos de la pelota durante el golpeo, los jugadores se confeccionan sus propias protecciones. En torno a ellas existen diversos factores que dificultan la práctica segura y eficaz de este deporte: el excesivo tiempo empleado en su elaboración, el elevado número de lesiones que sufren en las manos o el inadecuado control de la pelota que consiguen. En base a esto y a la inexistencia de un equipamiento deportivo específico para la mano, se ha desarrollado y validado un guante para intentar solventar estos inconvenientes. En la validación biomecánica se comp…
Supination control increases performance in sideward cutting movements in tennis.
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of tennis shoe characteristics on performance during sideward cutting movements followed by direction changes. Five tennis players (age = 21.5 +/- 0.8 years, mass = 75.2 +/- 2.8 kg, and height = 1.78 +/- 0.05 m) participated in the study and 10 tennis shoes were tested. Several footwear mechanical parameters were analyzed: Shore A hardness, longitudinal and transverse flexibility, midsole height at heel, presence of heel counters, and weight. A force plate was used to measure the kinetic variables, and two video cameras were used to perform a three-dimensional photogrammetric analysis. Results revealed that subject-footwear interaction …
Plantar pressures determinants in mild Hallux Valgus.
While podobarometric techniques have been applied to the study of pressures in Hallux Valgus (HV), little is known about its clinical and radiological determinants. So, the aim of the present study was to determine the plantar pressure pattern in participants with mild HV, comparing to a control group, and their clinical and anthropometric determinants. Biofoot/IBV(®) in-shoe system was used to evaluate 79 participants with mild HV. Computerized measurements of the 1st intermetatarsal angle (IMA) and the hallux abductus angle (HAA) were made on antero-posterior radiographs. The clinical outcome was assessed using the AOFAS score. The dependent baropodometric variables and the independent cl…
Efectos de los soportes plantares sobre la termorregulación de las plantas de los pies durante la carrera
Accésit Congreso SIBB 2015 Existe una gran controversia acerca de si el uso de soportes plantares puede reducir el riesgo de padecer lesiones por sobreuso en corredores. Se ha observado una relación entre las cargas plantares y la temperatura superficial de los pies, por lo que el tipo de soporte plantar podría afectar a la temperatura de la planta del pie. El objetivo del estudio fue, analizar los efectos de los soportes plantares en la temperatura superficial, así como en la simetría térmica, de las plantas de los pies tras la carrera. 12 corredores entrenados realizaron 3 test de 30 minutos de carrera (10 de calentamiento y 20 de prueba al 80% de su Velocidad Aeróbica Máxima) con soporte…
Effect of 3 Weeks Use of Compression Garments on Stride and Impact Shock during a Fatiguing Run
Excessive and prolonged exposure to impact acceleration during running is associated with increased injury rate. Acute use of compressive garments has been speculated to improve attenuation. However, it is unknown how longer interventions of compressive garments influence attenuation in running. 40 runners trained with compressive and placebo stockings for 3 weeks. Perception of comfort, stride parameters (rate, length) and impact acceleration (head and tibial peak acceleration, magnitude, acceleration rate and attenuation) were measured every 5 min during a fatigue run (30 min at 80% of the individual's maximal aerobic speed). Compressive stockings reduced tibial peak acceleration and magn…
The effect of 26 versus 29-inch wheel diameter in the transmission of vibrations in cross-country mountain biking.
Vibrations experienced by cyclists can affect their performance and health. We analysed the vibrations transmitted by mountain bike (26 or 29-inch wheels), in a 2,110 m circuit with a sample of 55 cyclists. The results indicate that the 29"-wheel increases speed (
Effect of fatigue and gender on kinematics and ground reaction forces variables in recreational runners.
The presence of fatigue has been shown to modify running biomechanics. Overall in terms of gender, women are at lower risk than men for sustaining running-related injuries, although it depends on the factors taken into account. One possible reason for these differences in the injury rate and location might be the dissimilar running patterns between men and women. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fatigue and gender on the kinematic and ground reaction forces (GRF) parameters in recreational runners. Fifty-seven participants (28 males and 29 females) had kinematic and GRF variables measured while running at speed of 3.3 m s−1 before and after a fatigue test protocol. T…
The location of the tibial accelerometer does influence impact acceleration parameters during running
Tibial accelerations have been associated with a number of running injuries. However, studies attaching the tibial accelerometer on the proximal section are as numerous as those attaching the accelerometer on the distal section. This study aimed to investigate whether accelerometer location influences acceleration parameters commonly reported in running literature. To fulfil this purpose, 30 athletes ran at 2.22, 2.78 and 3.33 m · s–1 with three accelerometers attached with double-sided tape and tightened to the participants’ tolerance on the forehead, the proximal section of the tibia and the distal section of the tibia. Time-domain (peak acceleration, shock attenuation) and frequency-doma…
Influence of foot orthosis customisation on perceived comfort during running
Although running is associated with many health benefits, it also exposes the body to greater risk of injury. Foot orthoses are an effective strategy to prevent such injuries. Comfort is an essential element in orthosis design since any discomfort alters the runner's biomechanics, compromising performance and increasing the risk of injury. The present study analyses the perceived comfort of three types of orthoses: custom-made, prefabricated and original running shoe insoles. Nine comfort variables for each insole were assessed in a sample of 40 runners. Custom-made and prefabricated insoles were both perceived as significantly more comfortable than the original insoles. The differences wer…
Effect of custom-made and prefabricated insoles on plantar loading parameters during running with and without fatigue.
Controversy exists whether custom-made insoles are more effective in reducing plantar loading compared to prefabricated insoles. Forty recreational athletes ran using custom-made, prefabricated, and the original insoles of their running shoes, at rest and after a fatigue run. Contact time, stride rate, and plantar loading parameters were measured. Neither the insole conditions nor the fatigue state modified contact time and stride rate. Addressing prevention of running injuries, post-fatigue loading values are of great interest. Custom-made insoles reduced the post-fatigue loading under the hallux (92 vs. 130 kPa, P0.05), medial midfoot (70 vs. 105 kPa, P0.01), and lateral midfoot (62 vs 96…
Disinfection by-products effect on swimmers oxidative stress and respiratory damage.
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are generated through the reaction of chlorine with organic and inorganic matter in indoor swimming pools. Different DBPs are present in indoor swimming pools. This study evaluated the effects of different chlorinated formations in oxidative stress and lung damage in 20 swimmers after 40 min of aerobic swimming in 3 indoor pools with different characteristics. Biological samples were collected to measure lung damage (serum-surfactant-associated proteins A and B), oxidative stress parameters (plasma protein carbonylation and malondialdehyde, and whole-blood glutathione oxidation), and swimming exertion values (blood lactate) before and after exercise. Free chl…
Influence of custom-made and prefabricated insoles before and after an intense run
[EN] Each time the foot contacts the ground during running there is a rapid deceleration that results in a shock wave that is transmitted from the foot to the head. The fatigue of the musculoskeletal system during running may decrease the ability of the body to absorb those shock waves and increase the risk of injury. Insoles are commonly prescribed to prevent injuries, and both custom-made and prefabricated insoles have been observed to reduce shock accelerations during running. However, no study to date has included a direct comparison of their behaviour measured over the same group of athletes, and therefore great controversy still exists regarding their effectiveness in reducing impact …
Differences in ground reaction forces and shock impacts between nordic walking and walking.
The regular practice of Nordic walking (NW) has increased in recent years, in part thanks to the health benefits described by the scientific literature. However, there is no consensus on the effects of shock-impact absorption during its practice. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the levels of impact and ground reaction forces (GRF) between NW and walking (W). Method: Twenty physically active and experienced participants were assessed using a dynamometric platform and accelerometry analysis. Results: The results show statistically significantly higher levels of acceleration in the tibia (12%) and head (21%) during NW compared with W. Equally, GRF were significantly higher (27%) …
Effects of Kinesiotape® taping on plantar pressure and impact acceleration during walking
Summary Objectives The aim of this study was to analyse the plantar pressure pattern, contact time, stride rate and impact acceleration in the shank during walking with and without Kinesio Tape (KT®) placed on two muscle groups: peroneus and triceps surae. Methods Among the subjects, 29 (12 men, 17 women) participated in the study. KT® was placed on the triceps surae and peroneus and participants walked at two different speeds (V1: 0.73 m/s; V2: 1.30 m/s) with and without KT®. The pedobarographic system Biofoot IBV® 6.0 was used to analyse plantar pressure (mean peak pressure [kPa]) in 5 foot areas and the kinematic variables of the study (contact time [s]; stride rate [steps/second]). One …
Nordic walking practice might improve plantar pressure distribution.
Nordic walking (NW), characterized by the use of two walking poles, is becoming increasingly popular (Morgulec-Adamowicz, Marszalek, & Jagustyn, 2011). We studied walking pressure patterns of 20 experienced and 30 beginner Nordic walkers. Plantar pressures from nine foot zones were measured during trials performed at two walking speeds (preferred and 20% faster), and under two walking conditions (NW vs. normal walking). In comparison to normal walking, NW experience led to a significant (p < .05) pressure reduction of about 50% on the central metatarsals. No significant increases were detected in other foot regions. The differences between experienced and beginners during normal walking inc…
Effects of graduated compression stockings on skin temperature after running.
High skin temperatures reduce the thermal gradient between the core and the skin and they can lead to a reduction in performance and increased risk of injury. Graduated compression stockings have become popular among runners in the last years and their use may influence the athlete's thermoregulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of graduated compression stockings on skin temperature during running in a moderate indoor environment. Forty-four runners performed two running tests lasting 30min (10min of warm-up and 20min at 75% of their maximal aerobic speed) with and without graduated compressive stockings. Skin temperature was measured in 12 regions of interest on th…
Effects of mat characteristics on plantar pressure patterns and perceived mat properties during landing in gymnastics.
Shock absorption and stability during landings is provided by both, gymnast ability and mat properties. The aims of this study were to determine the influence of different mat constructions on their energy absorption and stability capabilities, and to analyse how these properties affect gymnast's plantar pressures as well as subjective mat perception during landing. Six mats were tested using a standard mechanical drop test. In addition, plantar pressures and subjective perception during landing were obtained from 15 expert gymnasts. The different mats influenced plantar pressures and gymnasts' subjective perception during landing of gymnasts. Significant correlations between plantar pressu…