0000000000041581
AUTHOR
Francisco-javier Silvestre
General anesthesia for oral and dental care in paediatric patients with special needs : a systematic review
Background The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the characteristics, needs and current situation of dental care for pediatric patients with special needs. Material and methods An exhaustive search for literature published until June 1, 2020. It was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and EBSCO, with the following keywords: Oral Surgical Procedures and Dentistry, Operational and Anesthesia, General Y (Spanish[lang] or English[lang] ) Y (infant[MeSH] Or child[MeSH] Or adolescent[MeSH]). The research was carried out following the PRISMA research methodology. Results The most common indication for general anesthesia (GA) was t…
Evaluation of bleeding risk and measurement methods in dental patients
Objective: The present study explores bleeding manifestations in routine dental surgical procedures, evaluates the influence of antithrombotic drugs upon bleeding risk, and validates the efficiency of a clinical method for the measurement of bleeding. Material and method: A prospective observational study was made involving a cohort of 99 patients in the setting of normal clinical practice, with the added conduction of prior hematological tests including baseline hemostasis and platelet function, based on a new method (Multiplate System®). For evaluation of the bleeding manifestations, a clinical method was selected that evaluates bleeding on the basis of its duration and the hemostatic mea…
Burning mouth syndrome : correlation of treatment to clinical variables of the disease
Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a complex disorder with a still uncertain etiopathogenesis. A number of treatments have been used in application to BMS, though without clearly successful results. The present study compares the improvement in BMS obtained as a result of different treatment modalities in relation to the clinical characteristics of the patients. Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was made of 115 patients with BMS (109 females and 6 males) subjected to different treatments with a view to improving the symptoms. The clinical variables examined included the duration of the disorder, the location of the burning sensation, its daily variations and relationship wi…
Influence of anxiety and anesthetic vasoconstrictors upon hemodynamic parameters during dental procedures in controlled hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients.
Background To determine the influence of dental anxiety and the vasoconstrictor used in local anesthesia upon different hemodynamic parameters - systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SatO2) - during dental extraction and oral hygiene. The safety of local anesthesia with vasoconstrictor in patients with medically controlled hypertension was also assessed. Material and methods A total of 159 patients were divided into two groups according to the dental treatment received: tooth extraction (n = 106) and oral hygiene (n = 53). The hemodynamic parameters (SBP, DBP, HR and SatO2) were recorded throughout dental treatment. Patient anxi…
Xerostomia in patients with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome : a prospective case-control study
Background To describe the characteristics of xerostomia (dry mouth) in the population with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) and contrast its prevalence versus that found in healthy subjects, and to compare the frequency of xerostomia in SAHS patients with and without continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Material and methods A prospective comparative study was made between adults recently diagnosed with SAHS in a public hospital (n=60) and healthy individuals (n=54). The presence of xerostomia was assessed on waking up and during the day, using a frequency scale from 0 ("never") to 3 ("always"). Results The prevalence of xerostomia on waking up in the SAHS group was 45%…
Oral health in a group of patients with Rett syndrome in the regions of Valencia and Murcia (Spain): A case-control study
Objectives: Rett syndrome (RS) is a rare disease with oral manifestations that have not been described in detail or in a standardized manner in the literature. The present study describes the oral health of the population with RS in two Spanish regions, following the protocol of the World Health Organization for conducting common oral health surveys. Study Design: A prospective, observational case-control study was carried out, involving a group of patients with RS (n1=41) and a mean age of 13.37±3.19 years, and an age- and gender-matched control group without RS (n0=82). The data referred to oral health and habits were recorded by means of a questionnaire and oral examination was used to d…
Efect of periodontal disease and non surgical periodontal treatment on C-reactive protein. Evaluation of type 1 diabetic patients
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze how anti-infectious periodontal treatment affects C reactive protein (CRP) values in patients with type 1 diabetes, and correlate baseline CRP levels with periodontal disease severity. Study Design: A cohort of fifty three subjects with type 1 diabetes and moderate to severe periodontitis were recruited. Periodontal parameters were measured, and blood samples were obtained to evaluate high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Group 1 was treated with scaling, root planning, and systemic administration of doxycycline. Group 2 received only scaling and root planning. Results: Hs-CRP was reduced after periodontal treatment in group 1 (-0…
Dental management of patients with microstomia. A review of the literature and update on the treatment.
Difficulty in dental management is one of the factors that characterize the patient that requires special care in dentistry. One of the clinical conditions that make dental treatment particularly complex is microstomia.Microstomia is defined as a small and insufficient oral aperture that will hinder diagnosis and dental treatment. Although there have been reports of patients with diseases and syndromes that cause microstomia, the available literature offers only a limited number of reviews on this topic. The aim of this paper is to present a review of the etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of microstomia. In addition, to describe the therapeutic adaptations to be ap…
Association between obesity and periodontal disease. A systematic review of epidemiological studies and controlled clinical trials.
Background: Obesity is a very prevalent chronic disease worldwide and has been suggested to increase susceptibility of periodontitis. The aim of this paper was to provide a systematic review of the association between obesity and periodontal disease, and to determine the possible mechanisms underlying in this relationship. Material and Methods: A literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed-Medline and Embase. Controlled clinical trials and observational studies identifying periodontal and body composition parameters were selected. Each article was subjected to data extraction and quality assessment. Results: A total of 284 articles were identified, of which 64 were preselected…
Application of a capsaicin rinse in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome
Objective: To examine the efficacy of a new topical capsaicin presentation as an oral rinse in improving the symptoms of burning mouth syndrome (BMS). Study design: A prospective, double-blind, cross-over study was made of 30 patients with BMS. There were 7 dropouts; the final study series thus comprised 23 individuals. The patients were randomized to two groups: (A) capsaicin rinse (0.02%) or (B) placebo rinse, administered during one week. After a one-week washout period, the patients were then assigned to the opposite group. Burning discomfort was scored using a visual analog scale (VAS): in the morning before starting the treatment, in the afternoon on the first day of treatment, and at…
Oral findings in Rett syndrome : a systematic review of the dental literature
Rett syndrome (RS) is a chromosome X-linked genetic neurological disorder characterized by developmental regression, particularly in relation to expressive language and use of the hands, together with profound mental retardation, that almost exclusively affects females. The present review describes the 35 cases of RS Publisher in the indexed literature (Medline) ? the first corresponding to 1985 and the last to the year 2007. Certain oral manifestations of the disease are derived from the drug treatment prescribed to control the disease, while others are common to other clinical conditions characterized by convulsion activity, difficulties for correct oral hygiene, walking problems and/or a…
Clinical-therapeutic management of drooling: Review and update.
Drooling is the uncontrolled leakage of saliva outside the mouth, generally as a result of difficulty in swallowing the saliva produced. Many factors contribute to drooling, though it is more commonly seen in children with brain paralysis - particularly those receiving anticonvulsivant medication. Drooling is also often seen in patients with lip sealing problems or malocclusions such as anterior open bite. Clinically, the affected patients can develop skin irritation or abrasions, problems of hygiene, unpleasant smell and - in the more severe presentations - the need to wear protectors or frequently change clothing. Treatment of this disorder is complex, and should be addressed from a multi…
Oral manifestations in a group of adults with autism spectrum disorder
Objective: A number of studies have evaluated the oral health of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), though most have involved children, and no specific oral manifestations have been described. The present study describes the buccodental disorders and hygiene habits in a group of adults with ASD. Study Design: A prospective case-control study was made of a group of patients with ASD (n=30), with a mean age of 27.7 +/- 5.69 years, and of a healthy age-and gender-matched control group (n=30). An evaluation was made of the medical history, medication, oral hygiene habits and oral diseases, with determination of the CAOD, CAOS and OHI-S oral hygiene scores. Results: Most of the patien…
Design and validation of appearance and content of an oral health questionnaire for parents or caregivers of children with cerebral palsy
Introduction: Cerebral palsy is a syndrome that involves a large number of childhood movement and posture disorders, resulting in activity limitation. It is attributed to non-progressive alterations in the fetal or infant brain. This disorder can also be accompanied by oral alterations, some of which can be prevented if the caretaker knows how to manage them. An adequate knowledge of oral health on the part of the caregivers has a positive impact on the oral status of their patients. Objective: To design and validate a questionnaire to assess the oral health knowledge of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify published questionnair…
Resting position of the head and malocclusion in a group of patients with cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy are found as a result of these disorders, along with associated neuromuscular functional alterations that affect the resting position of the head. In this context, the resting position of the head could be responsible for several skeletal and dental occlusal disorders among patients with cerebral palsy. Objective: To assess the presence of malocclusions in patients with cerebral palsy, define the most frequent types of malocclusions, and evaluate how the resting position of the head may be implicated in the development of such malocclusions. Study design: Forty-four patients aged between 12-55 years (18 males and 26 females) were studied. Occlusal conditions, the Dental Aesth…
Hospital dental practice in special patients
Dental patients with special needs are people with different systemic diseases, multiple disorders or severe physical and/or mental disabilities. A Medline search was made, yielding a total of 29 articles that served as the basis for this study, which offers a brief description of the dental intervention protocols in medically compromised patients. Dental treatment in patients with special needs, whether presenting medical problems or disabilities, is sometimes complex. For this reason the hospital should be regarded as the ideal setting for the care of these individuals. Before starting any dental intervention, a correct patient evaluation is needed, based on a correct anamnesis, medical r…
COVID-19, A new challenge in the dental practice
Background This review was conducted in order to learn the latest information about how to prevent cross-infection of COVID-19 in dentistry. The aim of this study is offer a clinical protocol to reduce the risk of infection of COVID-19 in dental settings. Material and methods We carried out a review based on the PRISMA guide (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). We used the following three databases: PubMed, Embase and Scopus. The search strategy was performed in the three databases applying the search terms "COVID-19 AND dental", "COVID-19 AND dentistry", selecting human studies published from November 2019 to May 2020. English publications regarding COVID-1…
Prior oral conditions in patients undergoing heart valve surgery
Background Patients scheduled for heart valve surgery should be free of any oral infectious disorders that might pose a risk in the postoperative period. Few studies have been made on the dental conditions of such patients prior to surgery. The present study describes the most frequent prior oral diseases in this population group. Material and Methods A prospective, observational case-control study was designed involving 60 patients (30 with heart valve disease and 30 controls, with a mean age of 71 years in both groups). A dental exploration was carried out, with calculation of the DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) index and recording of the periodontal parameters (plaque index, gin…
Cemento-ossifying fibroma of the mandible: presentation of a case and review of the literature
Introduction: Cemento-ossifying fibroma is a benign fibro-osseous maxillary tumor belonging to the same category as fibrous dysplasia and cement-ossifying dysplasia. The aim of present study was report a case of cement-ossifying mandibular fibroma and offers a review of the literature on this disorder. Case report: A 41-year-old woman presented for conventional dental treatment. A control panoramic X-ray study revealed a rounded, mixed-type image in the mandible, located in the periapical zone from tooth 4.3 to 3.3. The patient presented no symptoms and had no medical history of interest. A sample of the lesion was obtained for histopathological study, which yielded a definitive diagnosis o…
Dental management in patients with cirrhosis
The present article makes a brief review about dental management of the patients with cirrhosis. It focus on problems related with infections, haemorrhagic events and treatment with drugs of common use in odontology.