0000000000055466
AUTHOR
Ana Tur
Are women more empathetic than men? A longitudinal study in adolescence.
Since the 1970s there has been a growing interest in analysing sex differences in psychological variables. Empirical studies and meta-analyses have contributed evidence on the differences between male and female individuals. More recently, the gender similarities hypothesis has supported the similarity of men and women in most psychological variables. This study contributes information on women's greater empathic disposition in comparison with men by means of a longitudinal design in an adolescent population. 505 male and female adolescents aged between 13 and 16 years were evaluated at two different moments (grade 2 and grade 3, lower secondary education). They completed the Index of Empat…
Feelings or cognitions? Moral cognitions and emotions as longitudinal predictors of prosocial and aggressive behaviors
Abstract There is debate regarding the roles of sociomoral cognitions and emotions in understanding moral development. The short-term longitudinal relations among perspective taking, sympathy, prosocial moral reasoning, prosocial behaviors and aggression in adolescents were examined. Participants were 489 students ( M age = 12.28 years, SD = .48; 232 boys) in public and private schools from predominantly middle class families in Valencia, Spain. Students completed measures of perspective taking, sympathy, prosocial moral reasoning, prosocial behaviors, and aggressive behaviors. Overall, structural equation modeling analyses showed that moral reasoning and emotions were interrelated and pre…
Adaptación y validación en población española del PROM: una medida objetiva del razonamiento moral prosocial [Adaptation and validation of prom in a Spanish population: Objective measurement of pro-social moral reasoning]
The assessment of pro-social moral reasoning through objective measurement is considered an important attainment in pro-social development research in recent decades. Based on N. Eisenberg's theory, PROM (Carlo et al., 1992) can objectively measure reasoning cognitive processes related to pro-social behaviour. This paper presents the adaptation and accreditation of this instrument for a Spanish adolescent population. The randomisation of the selected sample, its wide scope, and the reliability and validity of the results obtained make PROM a suitable instrument for evaluating the different pro-social reasoning types related to aid conduct amongst adolescents.
The interplay of emotional instability, empathy, and coping on prosocial and aggressive behaviors
Abstract Mediating and moderating effects of socioemotive traits and coping styles on aggression and prosocial behaviors were examined. A sample of 1557 students from Spain (53% male, M age = 13.12) completed self-report instruments of coping, empathy, emotional instability, physical aggression, and prosocial behaviors. Structural equation analysis showed support for two mediation models but little support for moderation. Emotional instability positively predicted emotion-focused coping, which in turn, positively predicted aggression. In contrast, empathy positively predicted problem-focused coping, which in turn, positively predicted prosocial behaviors. Moreover, problem-focused coping po…
The longitudinal relations among dimensions of parenting styles, sympathy, prosocial moral reasoning, and prosocial behaviors
Developmental scholars assert that parents are important in fostering prosocial behaviors in adolescents, but longitudinal investigations on this topic are limited. Participants consisted of 372 boys and 358 girls with a mean age of 10.84 years (SD = 1.57) at Wave 1 from a mostly middle class community in Spain. Across three successive years, participants completed measures of fathers’ and mothers’ warmth and strict control, sympathy, prosocial moral reasoning, and self- and peer-reported prosocial behaviors. Results showed that parental warmth, sympathy, and prosocial moral reasoning were predictive of prosocial behaviors. Further analyses showed bidirectional effects such that early proso…
Temperamento y crianza en la construcción de la personalidad. conducta agresiva, inestabilidad y prosociabilidad [Effect of temperament and upbringing in personality, aggressive behaviour, instability and prosocial behaviour]
Resumen La investigacion realizada persigue un doble objetivo. El primero se dirige a estudiar la relacion que se establece entre la estructura de la personalidad del adolescente y la manifestacion de la agresion, de la inestabilidad emocional y de la conducta prosocial. El segundo objetivo pretende analizar del peso que muestran los habitos de crianza en la emision de las conductas agresivas, inestables y prosociales. La muestra esta constituida por 531 adolescentes, chicos y chicas de edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 16 anos, escolarizados en Centros Publicos y Concertados, que cursan la Etapa Educativa de la Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria. En atencion al procedimiento aleatorio, …