0000000000056155

AUTHOR

Graham P. Taylor

showing 3 related works from this author

Antiretroviral therapy abrogates association between arginase activity and HIV disease severity

2010

AbstractArginase-induced L-arginine deprivation is emerging as a key mechanism for the downregulation of immune responses. We hypothesised that arginase activity increases with disease severity in HIV-seropositive patients. Our results show that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 23 HIV-seropositive patients with low CD4+ T cell counts (≤350 cells/μl) expressed significantly more arginase compared with 21 patients with high CD4+ T cell counts. Furthermore, we found a significant association between the two principal prognostic markers used to monitor HIV disease (CD4+ T cell count and plasma viral load) and PBMC arginase activity in antiretroviral therapy naïve patients but not…

MaleAnti-HIV AgentsT cellT cellsCD4 cell countL-arginineHIV InfectionsArgininePeripheral blood mononuclear cellSeverity of Illness Index03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemImmunopathologymedicineHumansImmune response030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbiologyArginasebusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthHIVGeneral MedicineViral Loadbiology.organism_classification3. Good healthCD4 Lymphocyte CountArginaseInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureSociety Meeting PaperLentivirusImmunologyHIV-1Leukocytes MononuclearParasitologyFemaleViral diseasebusinessViral load030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Characterization of a novel population of low-density granulocytes associated with disease severity in HIV-1 infection

2012

The mechanisms resulting in progressive immune dysfunction during the chronic phase of HIV infection are not fully understood. We have previously shown that arginase, an enzyme with potent immunosuppressive properties, is increased in HIV seropositive (HIV+) patients with low CD4(+) T cell counts. Here we show that the cells expressing arginase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV+ patients are low-density granulocytes (LDGs) and that whereas these cells have a similar morphology to normal-density granulocyte, they are phenotypically different. Importantly, our results reveal that increased frequencies of LDGs correlate with disease severity in HIV+ patients.

Enzyme Metabolismlcsh:MedicineHIV InfectionsBiochemistryACTIVATION0302 clinical medicineImmunophenotypingImmunodeficiency VirusesRENAL-CELL CARCINOMAHIV SeropositivityMedicineSUPPRESSOR-CELLSlcsh:ScienceImmune ResponseCD180303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testT Cellsvirus diseasesMiddle Aged3. Good healthEnzymesSEROPOSITIVE PATIENTSArginasemedicine.anatomical_structurePhenotypeHIV epidemiologyDisease ProgressionMedicineInfectious diseasesScience & Technology - Other TopicsNEUTROPHILResearch ArticleAdultGeneral Science & TechnologyT cellImmune CellsPopulationImmunologyCD18Viral diseasesGranulocytePeripheral blood mononuclear cellMicrobiologyFlow cytometryImmunophenotyping03 medical and health sciencesADHERENCEVirologyMD MultidisciplinaryHumanseducationBiology030304 developmental biologyScience & TechnologyArginasebusiness.industryTetraspanin 30MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCESlcsh:RARGINASE-IHIVVirologyENDOTHELIAL-CELLSAntigens CD63ImmunologyLeukocytes Mononuclearlcsh:Qbusiness030215 immunologyGranulocytes
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Phenotypic Alteration of Neutrophils in the Blood of HIV Seropositive Patients

2013

We have recently identified a novel population of activated low-density granulocytes (LDGs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV seropositive patients. LDGs have a similar morphology to normal density granulocytes (NDGs), but are phenotypically different. Here we measured the expression levels of different phenotypic markers of granulocytes in the blood of HIV seropositive patients at different stages of HIV infection to determine whether the phenotype of NDGs and LDGs are affected by disease severity. Our results reveal that the phenotype of NDGs, but not that of LDGs, varies according to the severity of the disease.

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleNeutrophilsHiv seropositivePopulationlcsh:MedicineHIV InfectionsDiseaseCD13 AntigensBiologyPeripheral blood mononuclear cellFlow cytometryYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansYoung adultlcsh:ScienceeducationSpecific Gravity030304 developmental biology0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinaryArginasemedicine.diagnostic_testlcsh:RMiddle AgedViral LoadVirologyPhenotypeCD4 Lymphocyte Count3. Good healthPhenotypeImmunologyHIV-1lcsh:QFemaleViral loadBiomarkersResearch Article030215 immunologyPLoS ONE
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