0000000000108960

AUTHOR

Sabrina Gaba

showing 45 related works from this author

The DISCO-WEED project : disentangling the role of anthropic DISturbances and eCOlogical processes on WEED community assembly

2016

EAGESTADINRA; The DISCO-WEED project : disentangling the role of anthropic DISturbances and eCOlogical processes on WEED community assembly. Sfécologie-2016, International Conference of Ecological Sciences

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Weed cohort succession as a main driver of weed diversity dynamic throughout winter cereal cropping season in both presence and absence of crop speci…

2017

EAGESTAD INRA; Ecological succession theory predicts that soon after disturbance, community diversity results from species colonization while competitive interaction plays an increasing influential with time since disturbance. While weeds species in arable fields face frequent disturbances, they also face intense competition for light as they are over-dominated by the crop species. Thus, both colonization and competition may shape weeds community diversity in arable fields. Using a semi-experimental approach, we analysis the evolution of weed diversity throughout time in 56 winter cereal cropping seasons. We use the crop sowing date as proxy of the last disturbance. We predict that in the a…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]fungifood and beveragesrespiratory systemhuman activities
researchProduct

A modeling approach to evaluate the influence of spatial and temporal structure of an epidemiological surveillance network on the intensity of phytos…

2017

National audience

[SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][MATH] Mathematics [math]pesticides[INFO] Computer Science [cs]pest monitoringsimulationdynamic bayesian networks[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]supervised control[SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[INFO]Computer Science [cs][SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences[MATH]Mathematics [math]ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
researchProduct

Weed-DATA Base de données ‘Traits’ des plantes adventices des agroécosystèmes

2014

SPEEAECOLDURGEAPSIéquipe CAPA; absent

traits de réponse[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]traits d'effetdiversité fonctionnellesystèmes de culture[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]agroécologie[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyservices écosystémiques
researchProduct

Weeds sampling for map reconstruction: a Markov random field approach

2012

In the past 15 years, there has been a growing interest for the study of the spatial repartition of weeds in crops, mainly because this is a prerequisite to herbicides use reduction. There has been a large variety of statistical methods developped for this problem ([5], [7], [10]). However, one common point of all of these methods is that they are based on in situ collection of data about weeds spatial repartition. A crucial problem is then to choose where, in the eld, data should be collected. Since exhaustive sampling of a eld is too costly, a lot of attention has been paid to the development of spatial sampling methods ([12], [4], [6] [9]). Classical spatial stochastic model of weeds cou…

[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyBiodiversity and Ecology[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology[STAT.TH] Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH][MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST]Biodiversité et EcologieStatistiques (Mathématiques)[ MATH.MATH-ST ] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST][STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH]Markov decision process;dynamic programming;reinforcement learning;adaptive sampling;Markov random field;batch;sampling cost;field approach;weed[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology[MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST][ STAT.TH ] Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH]
researchProduct

Disentangling the effects of local and regional factors on weed community dynamics in agroecosystems

2013

International audience; Ecological theories of community assembly have been used to understand and predict community structural changes in response to agricultural practices. This is a fundamental issue to design sustainable cropping system. Weed infestations are potentially an important threat to crop production. Factors affecting weed community composition and diversity have traditionally been studied at the within-field level, since it is generally assumed that the main drivers of weed dynamics are farming practices at this spatial scale. However, spatial dispersion and landscape characteristics may strongly impact weed diversity both at local and regional scales. Moreover, weeds can per…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciences???[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
researchProduct

Écologie des communautés dans les agroécosystèmes : comment maintenir la biodiversité adventices et la production agricole?

2013

EA Pôle EcolDur Pas de résumé

[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecologyhdr[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
researchProduct

Weed metacommunity dynamics in intensive farmland landscapes reveal complex interactions between local disturbance patterns and spatial dispersal

2016

EAGESTAD INRA; Metacommunity theory represents an exciting framework to identify the ecological mechanisms shaping the spatio-temporal organization of species assembly. Among them, dispersal and niche-based processes have been proposed as major drivers of metacommunity dynamics, whose relative role has led to the emergence of distinct paradigms. Mass-effect emphasizes a greater influence of dispersal whereas patch quality is of primary importance in the species-sorting perspective. Weeds represent the basic trophic component in agricultural food webs, but may induce crop yield loss. Many weed species occur in both crop and non-crop areas such as field edges. Recent studies have revealed the…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Restitution de l'atelier 4 : Préservation de la biodiversité

2013

National audience

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSpréservationbiodiversité
researchProduct

Dynamique spatio-temporelle des communautés végétales dans les agro-écosystèmes

2014

National audience; Identifier les déterminants de la structuration des communautés adventices est une question cruciale en agro-écologie, au vu des différentes fonctionnalités de cette flore dans l’agro-écosystème – un impact potentiellement négatif sur le rendement agricole mais aussi une valeur de nature patrimoniale comme fonctionnelle, en tant que base de nombreuses chaines trophiques en milieu agricole. En réponse à des moyens de lutte chimique efficaces, la flore adventice a largement décliné au cours des dernières décennies et reste aujourd’hui soumise à des pressions anthropiques récurrentes qui affectent la distribution spatiale des communautés dans la mosaïque agricole. A l’échell…

[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
researchProduct

The stability of crop production: trade-offs in pollination-dependent agriculture

2017

EAGESTAD INRA; Historically, demand for increased crop production has been satisfied by agricultural practices that include land conversion into agricultural land and improvements in crop yield. The benefits of persisting in this approach are challenged by the existence of apparent yield plateaus for many major crops and of crop yield saturating responses to increasing levels of pesticides. Notably, despite the importance of yield stability and the empirical evidence that magnitude and stability of ecosystem functions do not necessarily co-vary positively, few studies on the stability of crop yield have been attempted. Here, we develop a model for crop yield dynamics in a spatially heteroge…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Spatial and temporal presence of grasslands maintain local weed diversity thanks to spatio-temporal dispersal process

2016

EAGESTADINRA; In frequently disturbed environments, plant community assembly mainly results from spatial dispersal and temporal dispersal through seed bank. Here, we propose to quantify the relative contributions of temporal and spatial dispersal on weed species assembly in farmlands. Weeds are mostly annual plants that rely exclusively on seeds for perpetuation, the latter presenting various level of longevity and dispersal capacity according to the species. In farmland, arable fields surrounded by landscape with high proportion of grasslands harbor high level of weed diversity revealing important dispersal flux. Similarly, the presence of grasslands in the past history (i.e crop successio…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Gestion des adventices dans les systèmes avec colza

2015

Les adventices ou « mauvaises herbes » sont les principaux bioagresseurs des cultures. Elles occasionnent des pertes considérables à la fois en quantité et en qualité. Les agriculteurs cherchent donc à les combattre. Pour cela, la tendance actuelle est de développer les méthodes alternatives à l’emploi d’herbicides chimiques. Voyons comment la recherche y travaille dans le cas des systèmes de culture avec colza. Contexte - L’objet du GIS GC-HP2E est de rapprocher la recherche du développement sur le thème de la double performance économique et environnementale en grandes cultures. Le plan Ecophyto visant une réduction d’usage des produits phytopharmaceutiques chimiques, et les adventices ét…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental SciencesGIS GC-HP2Egroupement d’intérêt scientifique grandes cultures à hautes performances économiques et environnementales[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciencescolza
researchProduct

Evolution expérimentale

2010

National audience

[SDE] Environmental Sciences[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE][SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringbiologie evolutive[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSevolution experimentale
researchProduct

Gérer les espèces adventices et la flore des linéaires non cultivés une approche fonctionnelle

2017

Prod 2017-296a EA GESTAD INRA AGROSUP Ce livret présente une partie des travaux présentés lors de la journée d’animation conjointe des RMTs FlorAd et AgroforesterieS avec le soutien de la FRB.; National audience; Les RMTs FlorAd et AgroforesterieS a organisé une journée thématique sur l’intérêt de l’approche fonctionnelle pour la gestion des plantes adventices et/ou de la végétation des linéaires non cultivés (bords de champs, bandes enherbées) en grandes cultures, vignes et dans les systèmes agroforestiers. La journée a eu pour objectif de faire découvrir l’approche fonctionnelle et ses potentialités, et de réfléchir à la manière dont le développement pourrait s’emparer de cette approche e…

[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
researchProduct

Conception de systèmes agroécologiques à l'échelle d'un territoire : un exemple de co-construction d'un projet d'expérimentation

2014

Un workshop a réuni une centaine de personnes à Dijon, chercheurs, acteurs de la profession agricole et pouvoirs publics, autour du thème de la conception de systèmes agricoles agroécologiques à l’échelle d’un territoire. Les journées ont permis de faire le point sur les méthodes expérimentales à cette échelle, et sur les connaissances disponibles en agroécologie pour construire des protocoles expérimentaux.

territoire[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencessystèmes de cultureagroécologie[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyrégulation des bioagresseursbiodiversitécycle biogéochimique
researchProduct

Skylarks trade size and energy content in weed seeds to maximize total ingested lipid biomass

2014

International audience; tThe trade-off between forage quality and quantity has been particularly studied in herbivore organisms,but much less for seed eating animals, in particular seed-eating birds which constitute the bulk of win-tering passerines in European farmlands. The skylark is one of the commonest farmland birds in winter,mainly feeding on seeds. We focus on weed seeds for conservation and management purposes. Weedseeds form the bulk of the diet of skylarks during winter period, and although this is still a matter fordiscussion, weed seed predation by granivorous has been suggested as an alternative to herbicides usedto regulate weed populations in arable crops. Our objectives wer…

0106 biological sciencesMaleTrade-offsCoatForagingBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesOptimal foraging theoryBehavioral NeuroscienceAnimalsPasseriformesOptimal foraging2. Zero hungerHerbivore010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineFeeding Behavior15. Life on landSeed sizeLipidsWeedSkylarkSeed dispersal syndromeAgronomySeed predationSeeds[SDE]Environmental SciencesAnimal Science and ZoologyFemaleLipid contentArable landWeed
researchProduct

Ecological mechanisms shaping weed assembly in intensive farmland landscapes

2017

EAGESTAD INRA; The ecological mechanisms shaping plants assemblages are multiple and scale-dependent. While the differentiation of resource patches may govern assembly rules at intermediate scales, the role dispersal processes is expected to decrease and the one of species interaction to increase from large to fine spatial scale. In this study, we investigate the contribution of these three processes to weed assembly based on a hierarchical sampling design conducted in 454 arable fields of the LTSER Zone Atelier ‘Plaine & Val de Sèvre’ from 2014 to 2016 . Using multiplicative diversity partitioning, the total field weed diversity was decomposed into four metrics, corresponding to difference…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Statégie d'échantillonnage de la flore des bordures herbacées des parcelles cultivées

2012

National audience; 84 % des espèces cultivées en Europe et 80 % des espèces végétales dans le monde dépendent pour leur pollinisation des insectes pollinisateurs dont le déclin est actuellement avéré. La flore des bordures des champs pourrait jouer le rôle de réservoirs ou de ressources complémentaires en termes de nectar ou pollen pour les insectes pollinisateurs. Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons effectué des relevés de la production florale de la flore (espèces adventices et espèces rudérales) présente le long de ces bordures herbacées. Il existe actuellement différentes stratégies d’échantillonnages pour caractériser la flore intra‐parcellaire mais peu ou pas de stratégies ont …

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesbordure[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Scienceslinéaire[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologystratégie d'échantillonnagequalité de l'observation
researchProduct

Valoriser les processus écologiques, hydrobiogéochimiques dans des paysages multifonctionnels.

2020

L’agroécologie a été choisie par l’Inra comme l’un des chantiers de prospective interdisciplinaire destiné à identifier les fronts de recherche en réponse à de grands défis sociétaux. Quatre-vingt chercheurs ont dressé un bilan, et proposé des pistes de recherche pour l’agroécologie, et cet ouvrage en synthétise les principales conclusions. L’agroécologie, en tant que discipline scientifique, remettant l’écologie au centre de la conception des systèmes agricoles, est maintenant bien présente. Diversifier le vivant dans des agroécosystèmes est une visée à large spectre, pour les rendre plus robustes, plus résilients. Les recherches en génétique et en écologie du paysage sont mobilisées pour …

[SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDE]Environmental SciencesAgroecologie[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financetransition ecologique[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financeinnovation
researchProduct

Determination of fatty acids content, global antioxidant activity and energy value of weed seeds from agricultural fields in France.

2016

18 pages; International audience; The ecological consequences of seed size variation have been studied extensively in plants. Curiously, little attention has been paid to the qualitative and quantitative variation of the seed-stored molecules and on their ecological significance. Here, we analysed the oil content and oil composition of ca. 200 weed seed species from agricultural fields in France based on single seed accessions, concentrating on interspecies differences and ignoring within-species variation. The relationships between seed weight, oil %, fatty acids (FAs) and the energetic value of the seed and its antioxidant properties were also investigated. The antioxidant activity could …

0106 biological sciencesAntioxidantseed traitsoxidationmedicine.medical_treatment[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/AgronomyPlant ScienceBiologyQuantitative variation010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesfatty acids[ SDV.SA.AGRO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/AgronomylipidOil contentmedicineweedsEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics2. Zero hungerbusiness.industryfood and beverages15. Life on landAgronomygerminationGerminationAgricultureSeed predationComposition (visual arts)WeedbusinessAgronomy and Crop Science[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition010606 plant biology & botanyenergy
researchProduct

Review of studies on crop-weed interactions reveals a lack of methodological standardization

2017

EAGESTAD INRA; Intensive management practices have been conducted since the 1950's to reduce the impact of weed competition on crop production. It is now widely recognized that the intensive use of herbicides has led to air, water and soil pollution, as well as massive biodiversity loss. Several public policies have been implemented to reduce herbicide use. However, is it possible to reduce herbicides while keeping sustainable agricultural production? We addressed this question by reviewing studies investigating the relationship between crop yield, weeds and herbicides from 1970 to 2016. A query to Web of Science surprisingly showed a mere number of 54 articles. We considered methodological…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Can we economically afford significant reduction in herbicide and nitrogen use ? Experimental evidence in real fields says, yes we can !

2017

EAGESTAD INRA; In Europe, several policies to limit the environmental externalities of agrochemicals have been implemented in the past decade. Yet, herbicides and fertilizers consumed over this period either have remained fairly constant or have increased. One main reason is that the fear of potential indirect negative effects on food production, hence profits. However, recent empirical studies have failed to detect a positive correlation between agrochemical use intensity and both productivity and profitability. With the present study we investigated in real farming conditions the relationships between economic benefits and weed control and nitrogen input. Through an innovative factorial e…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Random anthelmintic treatments in sheep: targeted selective treatment for the dummies.

2009

International audience

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental SciencesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
researchProduct

Flore du blé d’hiver, les facteurs qui influencent sa composition et sa diversité

2014

EA SPE EcolDur EJ2 CT3; National audience; Contexte - Cet article fait suite à une description, dans Phytoma n° 678, de l'évolution de la flore adventice du blé d hiver en France depuis quarante ans, basée sur le travail de Barralis & al. dans les années 1970 et celui du réseau Biovigilance Flore de 2002 à 2010. Il cherche à expliquer ces évolutions. Évolution de la flore - Ce travail a permis de confirmer et évaluer l'influence, sur la flore globale et sa diversité, de la zone géographique, des facteurs pédo-climatiques, du type d'agriculture et des pratiques culturales : notamment IFT herbicide (mesure de l'IC, indice de contrôle) et travail du sol. Analyse par espèce - Une analyse statis…

pratiques culturales[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesflore adventice[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]réseau biovigilance flore[SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyble d'hiverévolution
researchProduct

Mathematical models for the management of helminth parasites: from biological processes to the evolution of anthelmintic resistance

2010

International audience; Helminth parasitic diseases are mainly controlled by anthelmintic treatments, but control schemes are now threatened by the large development of anthelmintic resistance. Integrated parasite management needs to be developed but processes underpinning parasite population dynamics and resistant gene evolution are still lacking. Here, we review the mathematical models that have been developed to understand the evolution of anthelmintic resistance in host-helminth parasite models (intestinal helminth parasites of herbivores and human soil-transmitted helminths). A first part is dedicated to generic models that allowed the understanding of processes underlying host-helmint…

Pharmacology[SDE] Environmental Sciences0303 health sciencesResistance (ecology)ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCEHELMINTH[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]030231 tropical medicineZoologyBiology030308 mycology & parasitology[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]03 medical and health sciencesPOPULATION DYNAMICS0302 clinical medicineInfectious DiseasesINTEGRATED PARASITE MANAGEMENTparasitic diseases[SDE]Environmental SciencesmedicineHelminthsAnthelminticMATHEMATICAL MODELSmedicine.drug
researchProduct

Conception de systèmes Agricoles Agroécologiques à l'échelle d'un territoire

2013

National audience; Les présentations et discussions sont orientées vers des aspects à la fois fondamentaux et appliqués de la recherche pour la conception de systèmes de culture durables. Il s'agit d'harmoniser les avancées les plus récentes dans les domaines aussi variés que la génétique, l'agronomie, l'agro-écologie et l'écologie du paysage avec les réflexions des acteurs de l'agriculture. Nous souhaitons que ces journées soient une opportunité pour les chercheurs et les doctorants de l'UMR agro-écologie d'échanger et de prendre des contacts avec des chercheurs d'autres unités et instituts, et d'établir des liens entre la science et les acteurs socio-économiques. Le workshop sera l'occasi…

[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
researchProduct

Importance de la variabilité fonctionnelle intraspécifique des adventices en réponse aux pratiques culturales et aux conditions climatiques

2016

EAGESTADCT1; Importance de la variabilité fonctionnelle intraspécifique des adventices en réponse aux pratiques culturales et aux conditions climatiques. Ecologie des Communautés Végétales (ECOVEG 12)

agroecologySonchus asper[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]Polygonum persicaria[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]écologie fonctionnelle[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]weed-crop competitioncrop sequenceadventicesfunctional diversityChenopodium album
researchProduct

La gestion des bioagresseurs à l'échelle des processus écologiques

2011

National audience; La mise en œuvre de la protection intégrée des cultures (PIC) suppose de combiner des moyens de lutte, en particulier non chimiques, contre les bioagresseurs en ciblant tous les stades de leurs cycles de vie et pas uniquement les stades qui provoquent des dégâts sur les cultures. Cette protection peut passer par la mise en œuvre de pratiques qui favorisent des espèces auxiliaires de cultures. Cette approche exige donc de s'intéresser à la diversité des cycles de vie des bioagresseurs et de leurs ennemis, aux ressources qu'ils utilisent dans le paysage et à leur capacité à se déplacer d'une ressource à l'autre au cours d'une saison de culture ou entre saisons de culture. L…

[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
researchProduct

Determinants of the reduction of herbicide use through Agricultural Environmental Schemes

2017

EAGESTAD INRA; Several public policies have been set up at the regional, national and European levels to reduce the negative impacts of intensive agriculture. Here, we wonder what are the determinants – social, economic, etc. - of the reduction of herbicide use? We focus the determinants of farmers' adoption of agri-environmental schemes (AES). Many factors influence farmers’ adoption. First, the importance of farm incomes in total incomes have been shown to be negatively correlated to AES adoption. The same conclusion was observed with the total family time spent at work. A determinant which is important for the probability to contract is the total farm labour supply per year (family and n…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Managing biotic interactions for ecological intensification of agroecosystems.

2014

9 pages; International audience; Agriculture faces the challenge of increasing food production while simultaneously reducing the use of inputs and delivering other ecosystem services. Ecological intensification of agriculture is a paradigm shift, which has recently been proposed to meet such challenges through the manipulation of biotic interactions. While this approach opens up new possibilities, there are many constraints related to the complexity of agroecosystems that make it difficult to implement. Future advances, which are essential to guide agricultural policy, require an eco-evolutionary framework to ensure that ecological intensification is beneficial in the long term.

agroecologylcsh:Evolution[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/AgronomyadaptationEcosystem services[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems[ SDV.SA.AGRO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomylcsh:QH540-549.5[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosislcsh:QH359-425Agricultural policyAdaptation (computer science)AgroecologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsbiodiversity2. Zero hungerEcologyLand usebusiness.industryEnvironmental resource managementland use15. Life on land[ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystemsagroecology;pestcontrol;landuse;adaptation;ecosystemservices;biodiversity13. Climate actionAgricultureParadigm shiftEnvironmental ScienceFood processingBusinesslcsh:Ecologyecosystem servicespest controlecosystem services.[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
researchProduct

Untangling the effects of local and landscape structure on pest predation by natural enemies in an intensive crop agroecosystem

2017

EAGESTAD INRA; In agricultural crops, the use of biological control to reduce pest damages thanks to predation by natural enemies is an important ecosystem service. Unfortunately, the numerous mechanisms driving the efficiency of the predation function in agroecosystems are and often confounding. In this study, we investigated how local covariates and farming landscape structure affect predation rates of crop pest species in an intensive agricultural landscape in mid-west France. In 2016, predation rates of aphid and weed seeds of one species were quantified in a total of 120 fields, comprising four different types of crops as well as grasslands, selected along two landscape gradients: prop…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Trait distribution within winter wheat fields can partly be explained by disturbances and competition for resources

2013

International audience; Weed species are not homogeneously distributed into field elements (Cordeau et al. 2012)*.In a field, weed species are mainly competing with the crop and constrained by management practice (i.e.disturbances). In the crop edge, less unfavorable conditions for weed development (i.e.absence of direct crop competition,l ess frequent disturbances could explain the greater diversity of weeds.To understand this observation, a functional approach base dont raits known to respond both to disturbances and to competitive or facilitative interactions can be used.Our assumptions are that(i)the crop edge is likely to all owawi derrange of ecological strategies thus promoting speci…

[SDE] Environmental Sciencesdisturbanceblé d'hiverperturbation[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]winter wheat[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]traits[SDE]Environmental Sciencesweedsfield elementscompétition[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyadventicescompartiments d'un champ cultivécompetition
researchProduct

Variabilité fonctionnelle intraparcellaire des adventices en culture de blé d’hiver: rôle des perturbations et de la compétition associées à chaque c…

2013

National audience; Un champ cultivé est subdivisé en un ensemble de compartiments : l’interface (zone labourée mais non semée), le bord de champ (premiers rangs de la culture) et le plein champ. L’interface est connue pour présenter une diversité taxonomique plus élevée et se caractérise par des filtres environnementaux moins contraignants : faible perturbation (fauche essentiellement) et faible compétition pour les ressources (lumière notamment). Afin de mieux comprendre l’effet de filtrage des différents compartiments d’un champ sur la structuration des communautés adventices, une approche fonctionnelle a été privilégiée. Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes intéressés à : (i) connaître la …

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesstratégies écologiquestraits fonctionnelsplein champ[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyadventices
researchProduct

Où sont passés les insectes pollinisateurs ?

2023

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Les espèces adventices, indispensables à la production agricole dans les systèmes à bas intrants

2015

National audience; Le défi principal de l’agriculture aujourd’hui est la conception de systèmes de culture (SdC) permettant de limiter le recours aux intrants chimiques, tout en régulant les bio-agresseurs des cultures et en maintenant le potentiel de production et le revenu des exploitants agricoles. La flore adventice est un exemple emblématique de ce défi et un obstacle majeur aux objectifs du plan Ecophyto ; les herbicides représentent une part importante des produits phytosanitaires utilisés. L’agroécologie repose sur le postulat que la biodiversité, de par ses fonctions et les services écosystémiques (ex. biocontrôle, pollinisation) qu’elle sous-tend, pourrait compenser l’usage d’intr…

[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomyagroécologie;adventices;herbicides;service écosystémiques;biodiversité;production agricole;pollinisation;socio-écosystème agricoleHerbicidesPollinisation[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/AgronomyAgroécologieAdventices[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]socio-écosystème agricole[SDE]Environmental SciencesProduction agricole[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyService écosystémiquesBiodiversité
researchProduct

The importance of long-term monitoring for inferring populations dynamics: the example of the Biovigilance French network on weeds

2014

National audience

agroecology[SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]long-term monitoring[MATH] Mathematics [math][INFO] Computer Science [cs][SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[INFO]Computer Science [cs][SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[MATH]Mathematics [math]ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSweed
researchProduct

Impact des techniques agricoles sur l’assemblage des communautés adventices

2012

National audience; Les pratiques agricoles jouent un rôle majeur dans le devenir des espèces adventices comme le montre les changements importants de composition et la perte de diversité des flores adventices depuis 1950. Malgré ce constat, les processus de filtrage des espèces par les différentes pratiques agricoles restent encore mal connu. Dans cette étude, nous avons cherché à mettre en évidence les liens entre les traits des adventices et leur réponse à des pratiques culturales. Dans un premier temps, une analyse RLQ a été conduite sur 218 parcelles de blé d’hiver issues du réseau Biovigilance Flore couvrant toute la France pour déterminer quels traits des adventices répondent aux diff…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencespratique agricolemasse des grainetrait de réponse[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyadventicephénologie
researchProduct

Valeur écologique de la flore adventice des bordures de champ pour les pollinisateurs

2012

National audience

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental SciencesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
researchProduct

Bees increase oilseed rape yield under real field conditions

2018

prod 2018-210 EA GESTAD INRA; International audience; Oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus L.) is a common crop found in many European agricultural landscapes. It ispollinated by a wide variety of insects, but the reported contribution of pollinators to yield varies widely betweenstudies (from 0 to 50%). Moreover, such a contribution has seldom been estimated at the field scale in realfarming conditions. We analysed OSR yields in response to insect pollination; over four years, at two differentscales: farm fields and individual plants. We used both empirical and experimental approaches along a gradientof pollinator diversity and abundance. The empirical approach was based on farm surveys (151 …

0106 biological sciencesPollinationHoneybee010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesLasioglossumAbundance (ecology)PollinatorSelf-pollinationEcosystem servicesHoverflyPollinationBumblebeeBumblebee2. Zero hungerEcologybiology04 agricultural and veterinary sciences15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationLasioglossumAgronomyAnemophily[SDE]Environmental Sciences040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesAnimal Science and ZoologyHoverflyAgronomy and Crop ScienceAgroecology
researchProduct

Is the effect of grassland on weed diversity similar when present in the landscape or in the crop succession?

2016

EAGESTADINRA; Spatio-temporal seed dispersal is a major process in structuring annual plant communites. However, few emipirical studies have quantified the relative contribution of seed dormancy and seed dispersal on annual plant diversity. In agroecosystems, weeds which are mostly annual species producing dormant seeds can be found both in annual row crops and in semi-natural habitats such as grasslands (fig. 1). Spatial mass effect from grasslands to annual crops have been reported to support weed diversity in annual crops. Similarly, the presence of grasslands in crop successions increases weed diversity in the following annual crops. Both temporal and spatial dispersal from grasslands m…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
researchProduct

Should we manage weeds for bees ?

2014

National audience

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesagroecologypollination[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyecosystem servicesbiotic interactionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUStrade-off
researchProduct

Response and effect traits of arable weeds in agro-ecosystems: a review of current knowledge.

2017

25 pages; International audience; Integrating principles of ecological intensification into weed management strategies requires an understanding of the many relationships among weeds, crops and other organisms of agro-ecosystems in a changing context. Extensively used during the last two decades in weed science, trait-based approaches have provided general insights into weed community response to agricultural practices, and recently to understanding the effect of weeds on agro-ecosystem functioning. In this review, we provide a holistic synthesis of the current knowledge on weed response and effect functional traits. Based on the literature and recent advances in weed science, we review cur…

0106 biological sciencesBiodiversity[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/AgronomyContext (language use)Plant Scienceagro-ecologyBiologyfunctional ecologycropping system010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesecological intensificationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsbiodiversity2. Zero hungerFunctional ecologyAgroforestrybusiness.industryEcology04 agricultural and veterinary sciences15. Life on landWeed controlAgriculture040103 agronomy & agricultureTrait0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyWeedbusinessAgronomy and Crop ScienceCropping
researchProduct

Evolution expérimentale

2016

EA SPE GESTAD BIOME; L'évolution expérimentale consiste à tenter de mener en laboratoire le processus d’évolution afin d’en étudier les règles de fonctionnement sous-jacentes. Les sources de variation dans la réponse sont analysées au cours d’expériences exécutées et répliquées en conditions contrôlées. Cette approche dynamique de l’évolution complète les études habituelles analysant l’évolution a posteriori au moyen de méthodes comparatives ou en étudiant des fossiles. Elle constitue également un pont entre les études conduites dans les conditions naturelles et les simulations réalisées par modélisation mathématique.

biologie évolutive[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciences[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringévolution expérimentale
researchProduct

Towards sustainable and multifunctional agriculture in farmland landscapes: Lessons from the integrative approach of a French LTSER platform

2018

International audience; Agriculture is currently facing unprecedented challenges: ensuring food, fiber and energy production in the face of global change, maintaining the economic performance of farmers and preserving natural resources such as biodiversity and associated key ecosystem services for sustainable agriculture. Addressing these challenges requires innovative landscape scale farming systems that account for changing economic and environmental targets. These novel agricultural systems need to be recognized, accepted and promoted by all stakeholders, including local residents, and supported by public policies. Agroecosystems should be considered as socio-ecological systems and alter…

0106 biological sciencesagroecologyEnvironmental Engineering[SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciencesParticipatory action researchadaptive governance[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversitysocio-ecological system010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesstakeholders12. Responsible consumptionEcosystem servicesfood-web[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems11. SustainabilitySustainable agricultureCitizen scienceEnvironmental ChemistryWaste Management and DisposalAgroecologyEnvironmental planningComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS2. Zero hunger[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB][SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statisticsbusiness.industry[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering04 agricultural and veterinary sciences[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography15. Life on landPollutionNatural resource[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation6. Clean water13. Climate actionAgriculture040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesSocio-ecological systemltser[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecologybusiness[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
researchProduct