Poplar biomass production at phytomanagement sites is significantly enhanced by mycorrhizal inoculation
Abstract Afforestation of trace element (TE)-contaminated soil, notably with fast growing trees producing large biomass has been demonstrated to be an attractive option for their bioremediation. Mycorrhizal fungi can form symbiotic associations with plants, contributing to TE tolerance and participating actively in bioremediation processes. We studied the effects of mycorrhizal inoculation on the growth of two poplar clones (Skado and I214), to large-scale. Two TE-contaminated sites of ca . 1 ha (Pierrelaye and Fresnes-sur-Escaut, France) were planted with 2200 trees, and were either inoculated with a mixed commercial inoculum or not-inoculated and allometric parameters were determined afte…
Early screening of new accumulating versus non-accumulating tree species for the phytomanagement of marginal lands
International audience; The use of fast-growing trees producing a high quantity of biomass can bring significant practical and economic benefits to the reclamation of marginal lands. The present study aims to identify new shrub/tree species to offer a wider range of shrubs/trees useful for phytomanagement practices. We implemented three experimental sites in France of 1 ha each (Thann, Carrières-sous-Poissy and Leforest) contaminated by different potentially toxic elements (PTE) with a total of 38 different tree species. After two years of growth, the element concentrations in stem and leaf biomasses, tree survival rate and growth of plants were assessed. Although the three sites had elevat…
Poplar rotation coppice at a trace element-contaminated phytomanagement site: A 10-year study revealing biomass production, element export and impact on extractable elements
Abstract Growing lignocellulosic crops on marginal lands could compose a substantial proportion of future energy resources. The potential of poplar was explored, by devising a field trial of two hectares in 2007 in a metal-contaminated site to quantify the genotypic variation in the growth traits of 14 poplar genotypes grown in short-rotation coppice and to assess element transfer and export by individual genotypes. Our data led us to conclusions about the genotypic variations in poplar growth on a moderately contaminated site, with the Vesten genotype being the most productive. This genotype also accumulated the least amounts of trace elements, whereas the Trichobel genotype accumulated up…
Environmental metabarcoding reveals contrasting microbial communities at two poplar phytomanagement sites
The aim of the present study is to deepen the current understanding of the microbial communities at two poplar phytomanagement sites to reveal the environmental factors that drive the abundance, diversity and composition of microbial communities. A soil analysis revealed that the two soils displayed contrasting physico-chemical characteristics, with significant lower pH and higher Cd, Zn and Mn CaCl2-extractable fractions at Leforest site, compared with Pierrelaye site. The fungal and bacterial community profiles in the poplar roots and soils were assessed through Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Diversity indices and β-diversity measures illustrated that the root microbial communities were well …
Pioneer trees of Betula pendula at a red gypsum landfill harbour specific structure and composition of root-associated microbial communities.
The study of root-associated microbial communities is important to understand the natural processes involved in plant recolonisation at degraded areas. Root associated bacterial and fungal communities of woody species colonising a red gypsum landfill (a metal-enriched environment) were characterised through metabarcoding. Among trees naturally growing on the landfill, Betula pendula is the only tree species in the centre of the area, whereas companion tree species such as Populus nigra, P. tremula and Salix purpurea were present on the edges. The bacterial community was dominated by Proteobacteria (38%), Actinobacteria (35%) and Bacteroidetes (20%) and the most abundant bacterial OTU belong…
Diversity and complexity of microbial communities from a chlor-alkali tailings dump
Abstract Revegetation of the tailings dumps produced by various industrial activities is necessary to prevent dust storms and erosion and represents a great challenge for ecological restoration. Little is known about the microbial colonisation and community structure of revegetated tailings following site exploitation. Here, we report the sequencing of 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) fungal RNA gene amplicons from chlor-alkali residue and from an adjacent undisturbed soil to define the composition and assembly of the rhizosphere microbial communities. After quality filtering, a total of 72,373 and 89,929 bacterial sequences and 122,618 and 111,209 fungal sequences remained fo…
Impact of poplar-based phytomanagement on soil properties and microbial communities in a metal-contaminated site
Despite a long history of use in phytomanagement strategies, the impacts of poplar trees on the structure and function of microbial communities that live in the soil remain largely unknown. The current study combined fungal and bacterial community analyses from different management regimes using Illumina-based sequencing with soil analysis. The poplar phytomanagement regimes led to a significant increase in soil fertility and a decreased bioavailability of Zn and Cd, in concert with changes in the microbial communities. The most notable changes in the relative abundance of taxa and operational taxonomic units unsurprisingly indicated that root and soil constitute distinct ecological microbi…
Présentation des études en cours à l’INRAE sur l’influence des pratiques agricoles et viticoles sur la qualité microbiologique des sols
Des chercheurs, une fermeQuoi de mieux qu’une exploitation agricole pour rassembler agriculteurs et chercheurs, mais aussi grand public, autour de recherches en cours dans la région sur des problématiques liées au monde agricole, à la santé et à l’environnement.Venez échanger avec les chercheurs et découvrez comment notre santé, la santé animale et l’environnement qui nous entoure sont liés et interagissent.Cyril Zappelini (INRAE Dijon) vous fera découvrir les études en cours à l’INRAE sur l’influence des pratiques agricoles et viticoles sur la qualité microbiologique des sols.
Impact des modes de production économes en pesticides de synthèse sur la qualité microbiologique des sols viticoles
La viticulture est un secteur d‘activité agricole stratégique pour la France carelle représente le 1er poste exportateur du secteur agroalimentaire pourseulement 3% de la SAU Française. Toutefois, elle est aussi une forteconsommatrice de produits phytosanitaires avec 20% des pesticides utilisés enFrance à elle seule, couplé aussi a une forte mécanisation. Tout ceci entraîne unedégradation de la qualité des sols, qu’elle soit physique (Quiquerez et al., 2008),ou biologique (Dequiedt et al., 2011). Une baisse importante de la biodiversitédu sol altère ses grandes fonctions d’intérêts telles que la décomposition de lamatière organique et la fourniture d’éléments minéraux, l’effet barrière auxp…
Dendrochemical assessment of mercury releases from a pond and dredged-sediment landfill impacted by a chlor-alkali plant.
International audience; Although current Hg emissions from industrial activities may be accurately monitored, evidence of past releases to the atmosphere must rely on one or more environmental proxies. We used Hg concentrations in tree cores collected from poplars and willows to investigate the historical changes of Hg emissions from a dredged sediment landfill and compared them to a nearby control location. Our results demonstrated the potential value of using dendrochemistry to record historical Hg emissions from past industrial activities.