0000000000124464
AUTHOR
Cristina Benlloch Domènech
Effects of sildenafil on human penile blood vessels.
Abstract Objectives. To investigate the effects of sildenafil on human penile blood vessels and evaluate the interaction of sildenafil with neurogenic-mediated responses. Sildenafil is currently used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Methods. Penile dorsal arteries and deep dorsal veins were obtained from 14 multiorgan donors. Vascular rings were suspended in organ bath chambers, and the isometric tension was recorded. We then studied the effects of sildenafil on precontracted vessels and the neurogenic (noradrenergic and nitrergic) responses. Results. Sildenafil (10 −9 to 3 × 10 −6 M) caused concentration-dependent relaxation and amplified the relaxation induced by sodium nitroprus…
Impacto de la ley de dependencia en los cuidado a la tercera edad: el caso de Enguera
En ocasiones, desde las Ciencias Sociales se nos olvida que la realidad se desarrolla en el espacio microsocial, y elaboramos proyectos de gran alcance sin tener en cuenta los contextos locales. Es esta premisa bajo la que se justifica nuestra investigación, porque entendemos que los estudios de caso, como el que nos atañe, son necesarios no sólo para conocer la realidad en los contextos más reducidos, sino también porque las políticas públicas y la legislación no se aplican en abstracto, sino que es en estos emplazamientos «microsociales» donde producen sus efectos directos. La segunda justificación para el análisis de este municipio en concreto, ha sido el entendimiento de que la realidad…
Neurogenic contraction and relaxation of human penile deep dorsal vein
The aim of the present study was to characterize neurogenic and pharmacological responses of human penile deep dorsal vein and to determine whether the responses are mediated by nitric oxide from neural or endothelial origin. Ring segments of human penile deep dorsal vein were obtained from 22 multiorgan donors during procurement of organs for transplantation. The rings were suspended in organ bath chambers for isometric recording of tension. We then studied the contractile and relaxant responses to electrical field stimulation and to vasoactive agents. Electrical field stimulation (0.5–2 Hz) and noradrenaline (3×10−10–3×10−5M) caused frequency- and concentration-dependent contractions that…
Inhibition of nitric oxide activity by arginine analogs in human renal arteries
Abstract Background: Plasma levels of endogenous guanidine compounds are increased in various pathologic conditions, including chronic renal failure. In the present study we tested the effects of some of these compounds on basal and stimulated nitric oxide activity in human renal arteries. Methods: Rings from human renal arteries were obtained from 22 patients undergoing nephrectomy. The rings were suspended in organ baths for isometric recording of tension. We then studied the effects of N G -monomethyl- l -arginine (L-NMMA), N G , N G -dimethyl- l -arginine (asymmetrical dimethylarginine [ADMA]), aminoguanidine (AG), and methylguanidine (MG) on artery rings under basal and stimulated cond…
Inhibition of neuroeffector transmission in human vas deferens by sildenafil
Sildenafil (0.1 - 30 microM), a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) inhibitor, induced inhibition of electrically evoked contractions of ring segments of human vas deferens from 34 vasectomies. Zaprinast (0.1 - 100 microM), another PDE 5 inhibitor, and the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (0.1 - 100 microM) had no effect on neurogenic contractions. The inhibition induced by sildenafil was not modified by the inhibitor of guanylate cyclase 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-one (ODQ) (1 - 30 microM) but it was abolished by the K(+) channel blockers tetraethylammonium (TEA, 1 mM), iberiotoxin (0.1 microM) and charybdotoxin (0.1 microM). Sildenafil, zaprinast and SNP…
Mujeres inmigrantes emprendedoras en el medio rural : factor para la sostenibilidad económica y social de las áreas rurales de la Comunidad Valenciana
The objective of this article is to explore how the immigrant female entrepreneurs obtained the initiative to start business in rural Valencia where it is acknowledge that is difficult to initiate and sustain these economic activities; also to know how they manage in sustaining rural socio-economic structure. This is a qualitative approach to case studies taken from individual interviews. The findings indicate that is about undertaking projects after a consolidated period in their migration. This was possible because they were replacing the native population. The guidelines of the provinces are the same with some exceptions e.g. Alicante. All these experiences contrast with the inertia, sho…
Esto es trabajo de mujeres: dos generaciones en el sector doméstico
El trabajo femenino en el sector doméstico ha estado invisibilizado y menospreciado durante siglos. Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación realizada con mujeres de nacionalidad española de dos generaciones que han trabajado en el sector doméstico. Se ha realizado con el fin de comprender y analizar las diferencias en este trabajo a lo largo de más de 50 años. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa que ha puesto de manifiesto que lejos de tratarse de un trabajo minoritario, muchas mujeres lo han estado realizando, y todavía lo realizan. Suponiendo, al contrario de lo que se piensa, un pilar fundamental en la economía de muchas familias, pero que se ha visto relegado al ámbito …
V2-receptor–mediated relaxation of human renal arteries in response to desmopressin
The effects of deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (desmopressin), a V2 receptor antidiuretic agonist, were studied in isolated rings from branches of renal arteries obtained from 22 patients undergoing nephrectomy. The rings were suspended in organ bath chambers for isometric recording of tension. In precontracted rings with norepinephrine (10(-6) to 3 x 10(-6) mol/L), desmopressin (10(-11) to 3 x 10(-7) mol/L) caused endothelium-dependent relaxation (81%+/-4% reversal of the initial contraction in arteries with endothelium; 20%+/-4% in arteries without endothelium; P < .05). The relaxation to desmopressin in rings with endothelium was reduced significantly by indomethacin (10(-6) mol/L) and …
Vasopressin receptors involved in adrenergic neurotransmission in the circular muscle of the human vas deferens
We studied the effects of vasopressin on the adrenergic responses of in vitro preparations of circular muscle from the vas deferens obtained from 28 men undergoing elective vasectomy. Vasopressin (3 x 10(-9)-3 x 10(-8) M) enhanced the phasic contractions elicited by electrical field stimulation and noradrenaline. This potentiation was blocked by the vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)vasopressin (10(-6) M) but not by the vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5, D-Ile2,Ile4,Arg8]vasopressin (10(-6) M). The Ca2+ antagonist nifedipine (10(-6) M) did not affect the potentiation of electrical field stimulation induced by vasopressin and noradrenaline but reduced KCl-induced con…
La inmigración de Bulgaria y Reino Unido en el medio rural valenciano. Estudio comparado de dos modelos migratorios.
Esta tesis tiene como objetivo la comprensión del fenómeno migratorio en la Comunidad Valenciana partiendo de la dualidad del contexto, en el que existe un fuerte componente de migración laboral, pero que a la vez un porcentaje importante de la inmigración es de tipo lifestyle, lo que supone que son personas de una edad superior que vienen a pasar los últimos años de su vida. Para ello se realizó un estudio de caso comparado en dos municipios tipo de cada uno de los tipos de migración, en el que se desarrollaron historias de vida (a extranjeros/as), entrevistas (a personas autóctonas, así como a informantes clave), pero también observación participante (y no participante), así como el refue…
Condiciones de vida de las mujeres búlgaras inmigrantes en España: el caso de Enguera
El siguiente trabajo tiene como intención mostrar la realidad social de las mujeres búlgaras que residen en un municipio de la comunidad Valenciana, Enguera, en el que más del 25% de la población es de nacionalidad búlgara. Para comprender los procesos sociales se ha recurrido a la investigación cualitativa, comprobándose el impacto social de las migraciones en el contexto rural.
Increased contraction to noradrenaline by vasopressin in human renal arteries
Arginine vasopressin (AVP) not only acts directly on blood vessels through vasopressin V1 receptor stimulation but also may modulate adrenergic-mediated responses in animal experiments. The aim of the present study was to assess whether subpressor concentrations of AVP could contribute to an abnormal adrenergic contractile response of human renal arteries.Renal artery rings were obtained from 27 patients undergoing nephrectomy. The rings were suspended in organ bath chambers for isometric recording of tension.AVP (10(-10) mol/l) and the vasopressin V1 receptor agonist [Phe2, Orn8]-vasotocin (10(-10) mol/l) produced a leftward shift of the concentration-response curve to noradrenaline (half-…
Effects of antidepressants in adrenergic neurotransmission of human vas deferens
Objectives. To evaluate the effects of sertraline, fluoxetine, and amitriptyline on the contractile responses of the human vas deferens muscle elicited by norepinephrine, electrical field stimulation, and KCl, because the therapeutic action of antidepressants may be accompanied by sexual dysfunction related to the contractility of the vas deferens smooth muscle. Methods. Ring segments of the epididymal part of the vas deferens were taken from 32 elective vasectomies and mounted in organ baths for isometric recording of tension. We then studied the effects of sertraline, fluoxetine, and amitriptyline on the neurogenic and agonist-induced contractile responses. Results. Amitriptyline caused c…
Relaxation induced by milrinone and rolipram in human penile arteries and veins
Abstract We studied the relaxant effects of milrinone, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3, and rolipram, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4, on contracted human penile dorsal artery and deep dorsal vein. Vascular rings from 12 multi-organ donors were suspended in organ baths for isometric recording of tension. Both milrinone and rolipram inhibited (100%) the contraction induced by noradrenaline and shifted the relaxation–response curves to the cAMP forming agents prostaglandin E1 and forskolin to the left. The findings indicate that the cAMP pathway appears to be a main determinant of relaxation in human penile vessels.
Comparative effects of dilator drugs on human penile dorsal artery and deep dorsal vein
The present study was designed to characterize the response of human penile dorsal artery and deep dorsal vein to dilator drugs used in the diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction with special emphasis on the effects on sympathetic neurotransmission. Ring segments of penile dorsal artery and deep dorsal vein were obtained from 20 multi-organ donors during procurement of organs for transplantation. The rings (3 ;mm long) were suspended in organ bath chambers for isometric recording of tension. We then studied the relaxant responses to prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), papaverine (PV), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and linsidomine chlorhydrate (SIN-1), and ana…