0000000000171965
AUTHOR
Farah Ghosn
Estudio de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos asociados al inicio y curso de los trastornos del neurodesarrollo en prematuros (estudio PeriSTRESS-PremTEA): justificación, objetivos, diseño y descripción de la muestra
Resumen Introduccion Los factores genetico-ambientales y las vias fisiopatologicas que condicionan la evolucion de forma diferencial a un trastorno de neurodesarrollo (TN) en la poblacion de grandes prematuros (GP) y prematuros extremos (PE) siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos. Tampoco disponemos a fecha de hoy de marcadores biologicos potencialmente predictivos de TN en estos ninos. El proyecto PeriSTRESS-PremTEA tiene como objetivo estudiar de forma prospectiva, en GP/PE: (i) la aparicion/curso de rasgos y diagnostico TN hasta los 6 anos de vida, (ii) factores de riesgo de aparicion de TN desde la etapa prenatal hasta los 6 anos, (ii) perfiles de biomarcadores en orina predictivos d…
Manipulating feedback on schizophrenia: Evidence from a Posner task.
Abstract Individuals with schizophrenia show difficulties in achieving vital objectives. Abnormal behavioral and emotional responses to environmental feedback may be some of the psychological mechanisms underlying this lack of goal attainment in schizophrenia. The present study aims to assess how different types of feedback may affect performance in a computerized affective Posner task (non-monetary vs. monetary rewards; contingent vs. non-contingent feedback). The sample was composed of 32 patients with schizophrenia and 35 controls. Reaction times and error rates were the behavioral measurements. The emotional experience was assessed through self-reported affective scales. The results ind…
Trajectories of stress biomarkers and anxious-depressive symptoms from pregnancy to postpartum period in women with a trauma history
Background: Cross-sectional studies have found that a trauma history can be associated with anxious-depressive symptomatology and physiological stress dysregulation in pregnant women. Methods: This prospective study examines the trajectories of both anxiety and depressive symptoms and salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase biomarkers from women with (n = 42) and without (n = 59) a trauma history at (i) 38th week of gestation (T1), (ii) 48 hours after birth (T2), and (iii) three months after birth (T3). Results: The quantile regression model showed that trauma history was associated with higher cortisol levels at T1 and this difference was sustained along T2 and T3. Conversely, there were no si…
Gypsies: What Threat? Threat and Purity in Majority and Minority Relationships
Paraphrasing the book Purity and Danger by Douglas (1966), this chapter analyses the relationships between the majority and the minority in terms of threat and purity. The majority will do everything possible to remain pure; in other words, not to mix with the minority ontologised as wild (i.e. closer to nature than to the majority culture). The taboo of contact underlies a whole series of daily practices and discourses. Through such means, the majority socialises its members so that they do not mix with stigmatised minorities. The second part of the chapter focuses on the social construction of the Gypsy minority as a threat to Gadje society. Prejudice, discrimination, and persecution, whi…
Anxiety and depressive symptoms, and stress biomarkers in pregnant women after in vitro fertilization: a prospective cohort study.
STUDY QUESTION Does in vitro fertilization (IVF) affect the course of anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as physiological stress from pregnancy to postpartum period? SUMMARY ANSWER IVF mothers have more anxiety symptoms and higher stress biomarker levels but fewer depression symptoms than natural conception mothers at the third trimester of pregnancy, but these differences are negligible during postpartum period. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Cross-sectional studies have found an association between IVF and high stress levels during the prenatal period. There is, however, no follow-up study about the IVF effect on the mental health status from pregnancy to postpartum, adopting simultaneous mea…
Trajectories of stress biomarkers and anxious-depressive symptoms from pregnancy to postpartum period in women with a trauma history
Background: Cross-sectional studies have found that a trauma history can be associated with anxious-depressive symptomatology and physiological stress dysregulation in pregnant women. Methods: This prospective study examines the trajectories of both anxiety and depressive symptoms and salivary cortisol and α-amylase biomarkers from women with (n = 42) and without (n = 59) a trauma history at (i) 38th week of gestation (T1), (ii) 48 hours after birth (T2), and (iii) three months after birth (T3). Results: The quantile regression model showed that trauma history was associated with higher cortisol levels at T1 and this difference was sustained along T2 and T3. Conversely, there were no signif…