Mercato del Lavoro Femminile e Contesto Familiare nelle Regioni Italiane

Measuring wage discrimination according to an expected utility approach

Following on from the seminal works by Blinder (1973) and Oaxaca (1973), many methods have been proposed to measure wage discrimination against women. Some of these methods focus on the entire distribution of the discrimination experienced by each woman, underlining a common aspect of poverty and discrimination analysis: the latter two are both based on an idea of deprivation which originates from a poverty line (in the case of poverty) and from the expected wage in the absence of discrimination (in the case of wage discrimination) (Jenkins, 1994; Del Río et al., 2011). These approaches hinge on conditional-to-individual-characteristics expected wages, lacking in any focus regarding the ent…

Tabula, what you see is what you tabulate

The final aim of the majority of statistical analyses is to create a set of statistical tables for publication. Generally complex statistical survey reports contain a lot of tables which usually have more than two entries. In order to create tables like these, you have first to run a lot of Stata commands and to write them by hand. This process is error prone and it’s difficult to create tables with more than four entries using ordinary Stata commands. Tabula is not a Stata command but a complete software written in C++, with a user-friendly GUI. The main aims of Tabula are to automate the production of reports and to minimize human errors. It allows you to create your statistical table thr…

Dealing with a potential bias in estimating the share of discriminated women

The Blinder-Oaxaca [1, 6] decomposition neglects any distributional issues of discrimination. Instead, Jenkins [5] has argued the importance of a distributional approach in evaluating wage discrimination, focusing on the entire distribution of discrimination experienced by each woman. In their distributional approach, Del Río et al. [3] have adapted the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) [4] poverty indices in studying wage discrimination. These discrimination indices depend on a parameter which can be interpreted as a measure of aversion to discrimination. When the aversion parameter is zero, the index measures the share of discriminated women. In this paper we will demonstrate that the naï…

Measuring spatial concentration: A transportation problem approach

This paper will propose an index for measuring spatial concentration, which is based on the solution of a particular transportation problem. This approach extends a new index proposed for the measurement of seasonality to the spatial case, and it takes into account the level of the concentration of the phenomenon of interest according to its spatial distribution. Various properties of the proposed index, which make it a desirable measure for spatial concentration, will also be described. An empirical application, using data from selected European countries, will be provided, and the results derived from the proposed index will be compared with those derived from currently used indices. Este…

Divari territoriali nelle diseguaglianze di genere in Italia

More Power through Symbolic Computation: Extending Stata by using the Maxima Computer algebra system

Maxima is a free and open-source computer algebra system that can perform symbolic computations such as solving equations, determining derivatives of functions, obtaining Taylor series, and manipulating algebraic expressions. In this article, I present the Maxima Bridge System, which is a collection of software programs that allows Stata to interface with Maxima so that Maxima can be used for symbolic computation to transfer data from Stata to Maxima and to retrieve results from Maxima. The cooperation between Stata and Maxima provides an environment for statistical analysis in which symbolic computation can be easily used together with all the facilities supplied by Stata. In this environ…

Measuring tourism seasonality across European countries

Abstract This paper will propose a general approach for the analysis and measurement of seasonality in tourism, based on an analysis of the pattern of seasonal swing, as a preliminary step for the assessment of seasonal amplitude. The seasonality of tourism demand across European countries will be analyzed and clusters of countries identified, which are based on a similarity of their seasonal pattern. After discussing the limitations of the most frequently used indices employed in the tourism literature, a new index for measuring seasonality in tourism will be suggested in order to measure seasonal amplitude. The latter takes into account the ordinal and cyclical structures of seasonal vari…

sar: Automatic generation of statistical reports using Stata and Microsoft Word for Windows

The output provided by most Stata commands is plain text not suitable to be presented or published. After the numerical and graphical outputs are obtained, the user has to copy them into a word processor to complete the editing process. Some Stata commands help you to obtain well-formatted output, especially tabulated results in LATEX or other formats, but they are not a complete solution nor are they friendly tools. Stata automatic report (Sar) is an easy-to-use macro for Microsoft Word for Windows that allows a powerful integration between Stata and Word. With Sar, the user can retrieve numerical results and graphs from Stata and automatically insert them into a well-formatted Word docum…

Interpreting the decomposition of gender earnings gap

In this paper we discuss a decomposition of the gender monthly earnings differential into three components: the first is due to differences in individual characteristics, the second is due to discrimination and the last to the differential in hours worked. The Oaxaca-Blinder hourly wage decomposition is perfectly integrated into the decomposition of the monthly earnings gap. In order to evaluate the effects of this components on the monthly earnings gap, we calculate counterfactual earnings gaps, estimating what would happen if various aspects relating to the two genders were equal (for example, educational level), and then we compare these with the empirical earnings gap. The aim of the co…

Un'analisi delle Differenze di Genere nel Mercato del Lavoro in Italia

Advanced Stata Dialog Programming with Visua

Abstract not available.

A distributional approach for measuring wage discrimination and occupational discrimination separately

Numerous statistical methodologies regarding the study of discrimination are based on the well-known Blinder-Oaxaca (1973) decomposition. This divides the wage differential between men and women into one part, which can be explained by differences in individual characteristics, and another part, which is interpreted as discrimination. This decomposition ignores any distributional issues in evaluating discrimination, thus permitting, undesirably, compensation between positively and negatively discriminated women. Jenkins (1994) has criticized this aspect, instead preferring a distributional approach. Del Ri­o et al. (2010), using a distributional approach, which hinges on the deprivational a…

Sar, Automatic Generation of Statistical Report Using Stata and Microsoft Word for Windows

The output provided by most Stata commands is a plain text not suitable to be presented or published. After the numerical output is obtained, the user has to copy it in a word processor to complete the editing process. Some Stata commands help you to obtain well formatted output, expecially tabulating results in LaTex or other formats, but they are not a complete solution and they are not friendly tools. Stata automatic report (Sar) is an easy to use macro for Microsoft Word for Windows which allows a powerful integration between Stata and the word processor by Microsoft. Using Sar the user can retrieve numerical results from Stata and automatically insert them in a well formatted Word docu…

A new index for measuring seasonality: A transportation cost approach

Abstract Seasonal fluctuations characterize many natural and social phenomena. Although the causes and impacts of seasonality are generally well documented in different study contexts, and many methods for isolating the seasonal component have been developed, considerably less attention has been paid to the measurement of the degree of seasonality. After reviewing the main indices used for measuring seasonality in different study contexts, we will propose a new approach in which seasonality is evaluated on the basis of the solution of a transportation problem. By considering the interdisciplinary nature of seasonal phenomena, the topic of measuring seasonality merits attention from a wide v…

The measurement of seasonality for tourism evaluation

Seasonal variations in tourism demand represent one of the most challenging topics in tourism research. After highlighting the main pitfalls which characterize the majority of currently used indices for seasonal amplitude, the present work propose the implementation of a recently discusses a recently proposed index for the measurement of seasonality in tourism, based on the transportation problem approach. An adequate measurement of seasonality is a pre-requisite for the evaluation of the effectiveness of tourism policies aimed at reducing tourism demand imbalance.

Tabula 0.3 beta

The final aim of the majority of statistical analyses is to create a set of statistical tables for publication. Generally complex statistical survey reports contain a lot of tables which usually have more than two entries. In order to create tables like these, you have first to run a lot of Stata commands and to write them by hand. This process is error prone and it’s difficult to create tables with more than four entries using ordinary Stata commands. Tabula is not a Stata command but a complete software written in C++, with a user-friendly GUI. The main aims of Tabula are to automate the production of reports and to minimize human errors. It allows you to create your statistical table thr…