Pseudonapomyza mediterranean. sp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Salt Marshes in Spain

ABSTRACT: Description, ecological aspects of biology and systematic position of Pseudonapomyza mediterranea, a new species from Spain (“Lagunas de la Mata-Torrevieja” Natural Park) are given.

Three NewAdelphenaldisSpecies (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) from Africa, with First Descriptions of the Female ofA. subsurrectionis(Fischer) and the Male ofA. claricornis(Fischer)

Three new species of the genus Adelphenaldis from Africa (including Madagascar) are described: Adelphenaldis capensis sp. n., A. mesoafricanus sp. n., and A. noyesi sp. n. The female of A. subsurrectionis (Fischer, 2003) and the male of A. claricornis (Fischer, 1993) are recorded for the first time and described.

Aspilota-group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) diversity in Mediterranean Natural Parks of Spain

This work analyses the biodiversity of the Aspilota-group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) in three Mediterranean Natural parks: Natural Park of La Font Roja, Natural Park of Las Lagunas de la Mata-Torrevieja and Natural Park of La Tinença de Benifassà. Samples were carried out from April 2004 to December 2007. In total, 822 specimens, belonging to 52 species, were collected. Alpha, beta and gamma diversities were analysed, and the Tinença Park was proven to have higher diversity than the Font Roja and Torrevieja. Also, the structure of the Aspilota-group community was analysed.

American cockroach control assays in the municipal sewerage system of Valencia (Spain)

ABSTRACT Several insecticides (including different active substances and formulations) were applied to sewer shafts to control Periplaneta americana (LINNAEUS, 1758) populations in Valencia (eastern Spain). Results show that the best products for cockroach control were the paints (with and without insecticide), which provided an optimal reduction of P. americana populations for up to three months (P < 0.001). Therefore, it is important to note that the reduction of cockroach populations as well as the persistence of the insecticide effect in sewers was similar in both types of paints. A product combining two pyrethroids (Tetramethrin and Alfacipermetrin) and piperonyl butoxide also gave …

The Taxon Rasivalva (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Palaearctic Region and Description of Rasivalva pyrenaica New Species from Andorra

Rasivalva appears to be an uncommon genus, although it is nearly cosmopolitan with the exception of the Australian continent. Five species have been recorded from Europe and Crimea. In this paper, Rasivalva pyrenaica n. sp. is described as the most southern Palaearctic record of this genus, as well as the first record of the genus from Iberian Peninsula. An identification key is proposed for the Palaearctic species.

Environmental drivers of breeding sites in blackfly species of medical and veterinary importance in eastern Spain

Geographical distribution and abundance of the pupae of six blackfly species of medical and veterinary concern were studied in eastern Spain according to three different sets of explanatory variables including in-stream variables, both (i) abiotic (i.e., physicochemical) and (ii) biotic (i.e., richness and abundance of either taxonomically or ecologically close related taxa), as well as (iii) meteorological and landscape variables. The results showed specific habitat requirements for pupation in Simulium (Boophthora) erythrocephalum (De Geer, 1776) and Simulium (Wilhelmia) equinum (Linnaeus, 1758), two of the six species studied regarding elevation and temperature. While the rest of the spe…

New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)

Descriptions of four new species of the genus Dinotrema Foerster with a mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum are given. Dinotrema alysiae sp. n. (Denmark, England, Netherlands, Spain), D. paramicum sp. n. (Denmark, Finland), D. tirolense sp. n. (Italy) and D. valvulatum sp. n. (Denmark, Italy).

<strong>Seven new Spanish species of the genus <em>Synaldis</em> (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae) with mesoscutal pit</strong>

Descriptions of seven new species of the alysiine genus Synaldis having mesoscutal pit from Spain are given: Synaldis berbegalae sp. nov., S. falcoi sp. nov., S. gilaberti sp. nov., S. jujisae sp. nov., S. lozanoae sp. nov., S. martinezae sp. nov., and S. navarroae sp. nov.

Ecological characteristics of pre-imaginal stages of blackflies (diptera: simuliidae) in Southern England

Data on pre-imaginal stages of blackflies obtained in southern England during the summer and early autumn of 2020 were supplemented by additional surveys and analysed in relation to environmental factors. Fourteen taxa from 29 locations were recorded. Of these, seven are of medical and/or veterinary importance: Simulium (Wilhelmia) equinum (Linnaeus, 1758), S. (Boophthora) erythrocephalum (De Geer, 1776), S. (Simulium) intermedium Roubaud, 1906 sensu lato (s.l., a complex of species), S. (W.) lineatum (Meigen, 1804), S. (S.) morsitans Edwards, 1915, S. (S.) noelleri Friederichs, 1920 and S. (S.) ornatum (Meigen, 1818) s.l. Analyses of a variety of environmental factors recorded at the insec…

New Contributions toPseudonapomyza(Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Spain: Addition of Three New Species

The genus Pseudonapomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) includes the main leafminer pests for monocots. Three new species are described that were captured using Malaise traps in "Tinença de Benifassà", "Font Roja" and "Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja" (Spain) Natural Parks: Pseudonapomyza curvata n. sp., P. longitata n. sp., and P. sicicornis n. sp. Systematics. Ecological data are discussed.

Health risks of Simulium (Boophthora) erythrocephalum (De Geer, 1776) in the Valencian Autonomous Region, Eastern Spain

The presence and distribution of Simulium erythrocephalum (De Geer, 1776) in the Valencian Autonomous Region is analyzed, an arthropod of medical-sanitary importance due to the marked anthropophilic characteristics exhibited and the tendency to carry out massive attacks. The increasing incidence registered in certain areas as a consequence of their hematophagy, and the meager availability of epidemiological, fauna, bioecological, and distribution data, have led to this study. A field study of 137 samplings was carried out from 2013 to the present in the 14 hydrographic basins of the Valencian Autonomous Region. The study variables were the presence or absence of preimaginal states, environm…

<i>Pseudonapomyza benifassae</i> sp. n. (Diptera: Agromyzidae), a new species from Eastern Spain

Systematic and ecological aspects of a new species Pseudonapomyza benifassae Gil-Ortiz sp. n. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Spain, are given. A study of faunistic data of European Pseudonapomyza is made. P. palliditarsis Černý is recorded for the first time in Spain.

First Record of Melanagromyza sojae (Zehnter) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Europe

Black fly immature stages control efficacy (Diptera: Simuliidae) by means of Bti preparations

In the Valencian Autonomous Region, eastern Spain, for approximately 20 years, there has been a constant increase in populations of Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae). This observation has been evidenced mainly by the medical reports from health centers and hospitals. Due to the inconvenience and damage caused by this insect to the human being, one of the municipalities most affected by the simuliids was chosen, to verify the effectiveness of Bti preparations on immature black fly states. In this article, the results of this scientific experience are presented and its high efficiency in the control of the immature populations of this harmful arthropod is corroborated.

Biodiversity within the subfamily Alyssinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in the Natural Park Peñas de Aya (Spain)

Biodiversity within the subfamily Alyssinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in the Natural Park Peñas de Aya (Spain). The study of parasitoid Hymenoptera is of significance for the assessment of diversity in a given area because of their role in the regulation of insects populations. The present work analyses diversity within Alysiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in the Forested Estate of Artikutza, located in the Natural Park Peñas de Aya, western Pyrenees, Spain. Collection of specimens was spread over two years and was carried out in two different habitats: mixed forest and beech forest. A total of 2,270 specimens, belonging to 22 separate genera, were captured. Subsequently, alpha, beta and gam…

First record of the genus Syncrasis in Spain, with а redescription of Syncrasis (Eusyncrasis) talitzkii Tobias, 1986 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae)

The genus Syncrasis Foerster, 1862 as subgenus Eusyncrasis Tobias, 1986 is recorded for the first time in the fauna of Spain. A key to subgenera, and a detailed redescription of Syncrasis (Eusyncrasis) talitzkii Tobias, 1986 on the basis of Spanish material collected by а Malaise trap in the Alicante Province, are provided.

Diversity and Community Structure of Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Forest Estate of Artikutza (Spain)

ABSTRACT The present work analyses the diversity of Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the forest of the Artikutza Estate, within the Natural Park, Penas de Aya, in the western Pyrenees. Specimens belonging to this subfamily were collected throughout two cycles and in two different habitats: mixed forest and beech forest. A total of 105 specimens, including 20 different species, were collected. Diversity and structure analysis indicated higher diversity for the beech forest habitat, although the community is composed of a few abundant species and many rare species. A relationship between the presence of Opiinae and an increase in temperature was also ascertained.

Diversity and Phenology of the Braconid Community (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Mediterranean Protected Landscape of Sierra Calderona (Spain)

The diversity of the Braconidae subfamilies (Hymenoptera) in the protected landscape of the Natural Park of Sierra Calderona (Eastern Spain) is analysed. Samplings have been carried out along 2010 in three different habitats: almond crop, Oak forest (Quercus suber L.) and Pine forest (Pinus halepensis Miller). In total, 2166 braconid specimens, belonging to 23 subfamilies, have been captured. Alpha, beta and gamma diversities are analysed. As a result, almond crop habitat is proven to show the greatest diversity. The structure of the community and the phenology in each habitat are also analysed.

Classification of Spanish Mosquitoes in Functional Groups

Abstract We present a classification of Spanish mosquitoes according to their different life cycles. The bio-ecological parameters analyzed in our study were oviposition sites, overwintering stages, preferred hosts, and number of generations per year for each species. The results revealed 13 different functional groups. To assess the validity and robustness of the classification system, we analyzed the data from an intensive sampling carried out over a period of 4 years (2005–08) in eastern Spain. In this area, 9 of the 13 functional groups were found. The Jaccard cluster and the principal components analysis (between-group analysis method) revealed 3 different mosquito groups: the tree hol…

Global change and human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases

This e-book presents a collection of research and review articles related to the spread, control and basic understanding of vector borne diseases all over the world. It is well known that a multidisciplinary point of view is necessary in order to develop a global vision of this emergent problem. Therefore, in order to promote this holistic approach to the knowledge of vector borne diseases, this e-book contains a total of 19 collaborations of entomologists, epidemiologists, virologists, parasitologists, bacteriologists, zoologists and veterinarians of Europe, Africa, Asia, and America. The title perfectly reflects some of the global factors that are behind the emergence and/or reemergence o…

New corological and biological data of the Red Gum Lerp Psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 in Italy (Hemiptera, Psyllidae)

Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 is a psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) pest of Eucalyptus, native toAustralia and first recorded in Europe: Spain in 2008 and more recently (2010) in Italy. The present paper dealswith recent research, carried out in central Italy, with new data on the distribution and biology of this species.

Dinotrema vitobiasi sp. nov., a new Spanish species of the genus Dinotrema Foerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with only basomedially sculptured propodeum

A new species of Dinotrema with only basomedially sculptured propodeum, Dinotrema vitobiasi sp. nov., is described from Spain. A comparison of this new species with its three morphologically most similar species, D. vituperatum (Fischer, 1974), D. latifemur (Fischer, 1975) and D. carinatum (Tobias, 1962), is provided.

Factores desencadenantes del perjuicio de los simúlidos

El incremento de los daños causados por los dípteros simúlidos, desde finales de la década de los 90, ha suscitado un interés especial en el estudio de este grupo de dípteros en nuestro país. Además de la importancia de los estudios faunísticos, para conocer las especies presentes en nuestros hábitats, resulta de interés conocer otros aspectos ligados a la incidencia de sus ataques tanto al ser humano como a las especies animales de interés veterinario. La revisión del estado actual de la familia Simuliidae en España ha permitido la confección del listado de las 52 especies presentes y sus mapas de distribución. Se han llevado a cabo estudios de eficacia de tratamientos biol…

Parasite-host relationships of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) and black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in southeastern Spain

Abstract Background Documentation on water mites in Spain is scarce, as is information on the parasite-host relationship between certain water mite species and representatives of the dipteran family Simuliidae. The discomfort caused to humans and animals by black flies seems to be increasing in recent years. In this context, an investigation of parasitic water mites is of great importance, not only from the point of view of biodiversity, but also in terms of their potential to control black fly populations. Methods Rivers across a wide region of eastern Spain were sampled to determine the specific richness of simuliid dipterans and to investigate their possible parasites, such as water mite…

<p class="HeadingRunIn"><strong>Six new <em>Dinotrema</em> species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Spain, with prescutellar pit and medially sculptured propodeum</strong></p>

Descriptions of six new species of the genus Dinotrema from Spain with smooth or only medially sculptured propodeum are provided. The new species described are: D. achterbergi sp. nov., D. broadi sp. nov., D. enanum sp. nov., D. fischerianum sp. nov., D. munki sp. nov. and D. pappi sp. nov.

Differences in mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) biodiversity across varying climates and land-use categories in Eastern Spain

Intensive larval samplings of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) were carried out between 2005 and 2008 in several biotopes located in a varying climate region in Eastern Spain. The biodiversity was analyzed and divided into alpha, beta and gamma components with the aim of comparing the mosquito biodiversity according to the different structure of the landscape due to the incidence of climatic and anthropic patterns. Likewise the synanthropic index of Nuorteva was calculated for each species. A total of 11,279 mosquitoes belonging to 29 species was collected and identified. Mosquito biodiversity is higher in the wettest and nonanthropized areas. Using a cluster analysis, all this information w…

Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Forest State of Artikutza (Navarra: Spain): Diversity and Community Structure

Microgastrinae is one of the largest subfamilies of the Braconidae with about 2,000 described species worldwide. These wasps are of enormous ecological interest due to their role in controlling the caterpillar populations. This study analyses diversity and community structure within the Microgastrinae in the Artikutza Forest, located in the Peñas de Aia Natural Park, western Pyrenees, Spain. The specimens were collected in two different habitats: mixed forest and beech forest. A total of 524 specimens, belonging to nine separate genera and 27 species were captured. Alpha, beta and gamma diversity were analyzed. Additionally, the relationship between Microgastrinae phenology and climatic con…

The GenusCaenophanesFoerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) in the Western Palaearctic

The Western Palaearctic species of the genus Caenophanes Foerster are reviewed. A new species from the Canary Islands, C. lapalmaensis sp. nov., is described. The name C. rugosifrons (Picard) is restored from synonymy (stat. resurr.). The redescriptions of C. incompletus (Ratzeburg) and C. rugosifrons are given. A key to the Western Palaearctic species of Caenophanes is suggested.

<strong>Revision of the Western Palaearctic species of the genus <em>Dinotrema</em> Foerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)</strong>

The first comprehensive revision of the Western Palaearctic species of the genus Dinotrema Foerster, 1862 is provided. 174 species of this genus are redescribed and illustrated. Ten species are described as new, viz, D. acompressum sp. nov., D. cahitum sp. nov., D. collybiae sp. nov., D. digitatum sp. nov., D. glabrideum sp. nov., D. helote sp. nov., D. lepiotae sp. nov., D. norwegicum sp. nov., D. oxybellum sp. nov. and D. torpi sp. nov. The following new combinations are suggested: Dinotrema adventum (Fischer), comb. nov., D. aurelianum (Fischer), comb. nov., D. cetiusmonte (Fischer), comb. nov., D. converginerve (Fischer), comb. nov., D. intermissum (Fischer), comb. nov., D. leptocorne (…