Incidence of severe critical events in paediatric anaesthesia (APRICOT): a prospective multicentre observational study in 261 hospitals in Europe

Background Little is known about the incidence of severe critical events in children undergoing general anaesthesia in Europe. We aimed to identify the incidence, nature, and outcome of severe critical events in children undergoing anaesthesia, and the associated potential risk factors. Methods The APRICOT study was a prospective observational multicentre cohort study of children from birth to 15 years of age undergoing elective or urgent anaesthesia for diagnostic or surgical procedures. Children were eligible for inclusion during a 2-week period determined prospectively by each centre. There were 261 participating centres across 33 European countries. The primary endpoint was the occurenc…

Intravascular volume therapy in adults guidelines from the association of the scientific medical societies in Germany

No abstract available.

Measurements of alveolar pO2 using 19F-MRI in partial liquid ventilation.

Rationale and Objectives: Partial liquid ventilation using Perfluorcarbon (PFC) is an innovative treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms are not totally clear. The aim was to investigate the distribution of oxygen partial pressure within the PFC-filled lung (ppO 2 ). Methods: Nine pigs underwent partial liquid ventilation, receiving 20 mL PFC/kg bodyweight (bw). Measurements were obtained by a chemical shift selective TurboFLASH sequence at different axial lung levels. ppO 2 was calculated from 1 9 F-MRI by nonlinear curve T 1 -fitting technique after noise correction. Results: Quantification and distribution of ppO 2 was performed successfully. …

High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Evolution Over Time of Ventilatory Management and Outcome of Patients With Neurologic Disease

OBJECTIVES: To describe the changes in ventilator management over time in patients with neurologic disease at ICU admission and to estimate factors associated with 28-day hospital mortality. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of three prospective, observational, multicenter studies. SETTING: Cohort studies conducted in 2004, 2010, and 2016. PATIENTS: Adult patients who received mechanical ventilation for more than 12 hours. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Among the 20,929 patients enrolled, we included 4,152 (20%) mechanically ventilated patients due to different neurologic diseases. Hemorrhagic stroke and brain trauma were the most common pathologies associated with the need fo…

19F-MRI of perflubron for measurement of oxygen partial pressure in porcine lungs during partial liquid ventilation

A method for in vivo measurement of oxygen partial pressure (pO2) in porcine lungs during partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with perflubron (PFOB) was developed. A pulse sequence for high-resolution MRI of the distribution of PFOB in the lung after intratracheal administration was developed as well. Moreover, quantitative measurements of longitudinal relaxation time T(1) of (19)F resonances for assessment of regional pO2 are described. Due to the need to acquire data during a single expiratory breathhold, only low SNRs were achieved in vivo. Therefore, simulations were performed to investigate the influence of background noise on T(1) values calculated from data with low SNR. Based on these …

Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio in Perflubron During Partial Liquid Ventilation

BACKGROUND: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of fluorine-19 allows for the mapping of oxygen partial pressure within perfluorocarbons in the alveolar space (Pao(2)). Theoretically, fMRI-detected Pao(2) can be combined with the Fick principle approach, i.e., a mass balance of oxygen uptake by ventilation and delivery by perfusion, to quantify the ventilation-perfusion ratio (Va/Q) of a lung region: The mixed venous blood and the inspiratory oxygen fraction, which are equal for all lung regions, are measured. In addition, the local expiratory oxygen fraction and the end capillary oxygen content, both of which may differ between the lung regions, are calculated using the fMRI-detec…