Tumor Volume, CT Scan, Lymphography, Sonography, Intravenous Pyelography, and Tumor Markers in Testis Tumors

Correlation of tumor volume to tumor stage in 134 patients with nonseminomatous testicular tumors, which were classified according to the TNM system, revealed similar tumor load for N0 and N1 patients. CT scans (n = 92), lymphangiography (n = 47), intravenous pyelography (IVP) (n = 134), sonography (n = 118) and serial tumor markers (n = 82) were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, both separately and in different combinations. The best individual results were obtained by lymphangiography (sensitivity 0.77, specificity 0.73, accuracy 0.75) and CT scan (sensitivity 0.52, specificity 0.91, accuracy 0.70). In combination CT scan and lymphangiography were the most valuable diag…

Zweite Generation der extrakorporalen Stoßwellenlithotripsie (Lithostar) – Klinische Ergebnisse

Experimental Evaluation of a New Electromagnetic Shock Wave Source

Clinical application of new shock wave sources always warrants prior experimental evaluation of the stone disintegration capabilities and characterization of the shock wave impulses. The least possible tissue traumatization is necessary for successful clinical introduction. After the spark-gap generation of shock waves with semi-ellipsoid focussing had been introduced to the urological armamentarium for extracorporeal destruction of renal and ureteral stones in 1980 (Chaussy 1982), new modes of shock wave generation have been developed. In cooperation with the Siemens Company of Erlangen, Germany, a new electromagnetic shock wave source was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo animal experimen…

Zweite Generation der extrakorporalen Stoßwellenlithotripsie, Lithostar — Klinische Ergebnisse

Als zweite Generation wird der hier vorgestellte Lithotriptor definiert, der im Gegensatz zu dem in Betrieb befindlichen System HM 3 dez Firma Dornier (l) nicht mit einem offenen Wasserbehalter, sondern lokal mit einem abgeschlossenen System an den Patienten angekoppelt wird.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): alternatives and adjuvant procedures

Within a short time, extensive statistics on ESWL have documented its efficiency in the treatment of most renal and ureteral stones. Approximately 20% of all stone patients, however, require additional or other forms of therapy, such as URS, PNL, or surgery. Up to now, the differential indications for these procedures have not been completely established. A crucial factor for successful application of ESWL is stone volume and localization. Large stones with a central stone mass may be successfully treated by combining ESWL and PNL, while surgery is still preferred in those with a peripheral stone mass.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy of Ureteral Stones: Clinical Experience and Experimental Findings

AbstractESWL of impacted ureteral or caliceal stones is not as successful as expected. To study this problem a model for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of ureteral stones has been designed. After initial fragmentation of the outer shell of impacted stones during the first series of shock wave application those fragments are kept in place by external mucosal contact, creating a lot of new interfaces.Absorption or reflection of shock wave energy within this fragmented shell seems to be responsible for the poor success rate in these cases. In regard to our experimental and clinical results we advise pushing ureteral stones back into the renal collecting system by means of a ureteral cat…