0000000000340739
AUTHOR
Didier Binder
Towards a new methodology of studying flints, by using GIS and a georeferenced database in the South of France
International audience; Towards a new methodology of studying flints, by using GIS and a georeferenced database in the South of France
Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been infecting humans for millennia and remains a global health problem, but its past diversity and dispersal routes are largely unknown. We generated HBV genomic data from 137 Eurasians and Native Americans dated between ~10,500 and ~400 years ago. We date the most recent common ancestor of all HBV lineages to between ~20,000 and 12,000 years ago, with the virus present in European and South American hunter-gatherers during the early Holocene. After the European Neolithic transition, Mesolithic HBV strains were replaced by a lineage likely disseminated by early farmers that prevailed throughout western Eurasia for ~4000 years, declining around the end of the 2nd…
New insights on Neolithic food and mobility patterns in Mediterranean coastal populations
OBJECTIVES The aims of this research are to explore the diet, mobility, social organization, and environmental exploitation patterns of early Mediterranean farmers, particularly the role of marine and plant resources in these foodways. In addition, this work strives to document possible gendered patterns of behavior linked to the neolithization of this ecologically rich area. To achieve this, a set of multiproxy analyses (isotopic analyses, dental calculus, microremains analysis, ancient DNA) were performed on an exceptional deposit (n = 61) of human remains from the Les Breguieres site (France), dating to the transition of the sixth to the fifth millennium BCE. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sa…
Pressure-Knapping Blade Production in the North-Western Mediterranean Region During the Seventh Millennium cal B.C.
A review of selected Mesolithic blade and trapeze complex series in the north-western Mediterranean reinforces the hypothesis of a common use of pressure techniques for bladelet production during the seventh millennium cal B.C. This paper deals with the specificity and variability of these techniques and the consistency of the blade production methods. Mesolithic pressure technique seems to have been quickly diffused within the western Mediterranean basin, earlier than the spread of Early Neolithic communities in the same area. It then proceeded from a regional development, distinct from the Mesopotamian and Anatolian cores.
Les formations à silex dans le Sud de la France : Élaboration en multipartenariat d’une base de données géoréférencées, premiers résultats.
A georeferenced database of the main flint-bearing formations of Southern France is currently being finalised. It offers a toolto all prehistorians that is essential for the development of studies regarding raw material circulation and selection criteria. This database results from the collaborative work of various actors involved in the optimisation of flint source determination. It groups together the results of their surveys — whether these are systematic or targeted — carried out in six regions (Aquitaine, Auvergne, Languedoc-Roussillon, Midi-Pyrénées, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, Rhône-Alpes). This database also incorporates recent studies on registering the properties of palaeoenvironm…