0000000000421388
AUTHOR
Manon Kohler
Can planning fight the urban overheating and should we tackle the "the urban heat island" per se ?
Extreme temperatures in the built environment receive more audible cues every year as a result of the combined effects of local urban driven heats and climate change (urban overheating). They are in particular associated with increased mortalities during prolonged and severe heat waves, increased heat stress and poor thermal comfort in outdoors, as well as extra loads on energy, water and transport infrastructures. Though local urban heats (surface-, canopy-, boundary layer-) are associated with poor quality and/or lack of urban green in dense urban fabrics, construction materials that facilitate heat trapping and heat storage in the urban fabrics as well as human activities’ heat-related e…
The Urban Heat Island of a middle-size French city as seen by high-resolution numerical experiments and in situ measurements the case of Dijon, Burgundy
International audience; This work aims at characterizing the spatio-temporal variability and features of the urban heat island (UHI) over the agglomeration of Dijon (north-eastern France; 260,000 inhabitants) under present-day conditions and during the boreal summer season (June through September). To that end, two complementary approaches are used: • in situ measurements, using a network of 50 Hobo proV2 sensors measuring air temperature and specific humidity every 20 minutes, and implemented since June 2014 throughout the agglomeration; • high-resolution (150m horizontal resolution) meso-scale atmospheric simulations performed using the WRF/ARW model coupled with the BEP-BEM urban canopy …
L'Ilot de Chaleur Urbain de l'agglomération dijonnaise : campagne instrumentale in situ et modélisation climatique régionale haute résolution
International audience; Ce travail présente les résultats préliminaires de caractérisation de l'ilot de chaleur urbain de l'agglomération dijonnaise (extension, intensité, variabilité) obtenus d'une part à l'aide d'une campagne de mesure instrumentale, d'autre part à l'aide du modèle de canopée urbaine BEP-BEM couplé au modèle de climat régional WRF/ARW. Les simulations numériques sont d'abord effectuées en mode hindcast sur l'été 2006 (ayant connu un épisode caniculaire) à une résolution horizontale de 150m. Un travail important a consisté à produire des conditions aux limites aussi réalistes que possible pour obtenir une occupation du sol et une morphologie urbaine de bonne qualité. L'app…
Overheating adaptations in acclimatised Singaporeans: Do spatial adaptation options matter? A pilot study Tanjong Pagar CBD case study
Climate responsive design aims to mitigate extreme heat by consciously integrating climate principles inurban architectures and developments. Thereby, the adoption of climate-responsive design in urbanareas is foreseen to increase the adaptation capacities of urban dwellers to overheating. However,behavioural overheating adaptation can also be aspatial (e.g. a change in activity program, clothes, orfood regime), and thus not depend on the quality of outdoor spaces. According to the behaviouralplanned theory, the selection of one of these is determined by the individual knowledge of heatadaptation options, its transaction capacities with its daily routines, and cultural beliefs giving itscom…