Can sucrose content in the phloem sap reaching field pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.) be an accurate indicator of seed growth potential ?

The composition of the translocates reaching the seeds of pea plants having various nitrogen (N) nutrition regimes was investigated under field situations. Sucrose flow in the phloem sap increased with the node number, but was not significantly different between N nutrition levels. Because N deficiency reduced the number of flowering nodes and the number of seeds per pod, the sucrose flow bleeding from cut peduncles was divided by the number of seeds to give the amount of assimilates available per seed. The sucrose concentration in phloem sap supplied to seeds at the upper nodes was higher than that at the lower nodes. The flow of sucrose delivered to the seeds during the cell division peri…

Na+ content of Xylem sap is closely related to root biomass in pea (Pisum sativum) : a potential tool for studying root growth under controlled conditions and in the field

International audience

Phenotyping feeds plant models

prod ?EASPEBAPGEAPSIGESTADINRA; Phenotyping feeds plant models. 6th IEEE International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling Visualization and Application

Systèmes imageurs 3D pour des applications agricoles : caractérisation de cultures et phénotypage de racines

The development of the concepts of precision agriculture and viticulture since the last three decades has shown the need to use first 2D image acquisition techniques and dedicated image processing. More and more needs concern now 3D images and information. The main ideas of this chapter is thus to present some innovations of the 3D tools and methods in the agronomic domain. This chapter will particularly focus on two main subjects such as the 3D characterization of crop using Shape from Focus or Structure from Motion techniques and the 3D use for root phenotyping using rhizotron system. Results presented show that 3D information allows to better characterize crucial crop morphometric parame…

Grain legume seed filling in relation to nitrogen acquisition: A review and prospects with particular reference to pea

International audience; Seed filling depends not only on the instantaneous supply of C and N, but also on their remobilisation from vegetative organs. C supply during seed filling depends mostly on current photosynthesis, but N assimilation and N$_2$ fixation decline during seed filling, with newly acquired N generally insufficient for the high seed demand. As seeds are strong sinks for mobilised nutrients, seed growth becomes metabolically closely associated with N remobilisation. N remobilisation from vegetative tissues to filling seeds interacts with photosynthesis since it induces senescence, which reduces the seed filling period. Hence improved grain legume seed filling requires either…

Interaction between Medicago truncatula and Pseudomonas fluorescens: evaluation of costs and benefits across an elevated atmospheric CO2.

10 pages; International audience; Soil microorganisms play a key role in both plants nutrition and health. Their relation with plant varies from mutualism to parasitism, according to the balance of costs and benefits for the two partners of the interaction. These interactions involved the liberation of plant organic compounds via rhizodeposition. Modification of atmospheric CO2 concentration may affect rhizodeposition and as a consequence trophic interactions that bind plants and microorganisms. Positive effect of elevated CO2 on plants are rather well known but consequences for micoorganisms and their interactions with plants are still poorly understood. A gnotobiotic system has been devel…

Impact of Bacterial Siderophores on Iron Status and Ionome in Pea

National audience; Including more grain legumes in cropping systems is important for the development of agroecological practices and the diversification of protein sources for human and animal consumption. Grain legume yield and quality is impacted by abiotic stresses resulting from fluctuating availabilities in essential nutrients such as iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC). Promoting plant iron nutrition could mitigate IDC that currently impedes legume cultivation in calcareous soils, and increase the iron content of legume seeds and its bioavailability. There is growing evidence that plant microbiota contribute to plant iron nutrition and might account for variations in the sensitivity of pe…

Chronology of bud appearance in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

International audience

In the context of sustainable agriculture how, with plant high throughput phenotyping, can we address the various challenges?

International audience; In a context of climate change and soil and water resource degradation, it becomes increasingly important to reduce the need for high nutrient, water, or pesticides inputs, leading to more sustainable agricultural practices. In this context, our aim is to select the best performing crops in various deleterious abiotic environments, having both a higher yield and a better quality, a better environmental « efficiency ». Because plants interact with numerous and diverse microorganisms, especially in the soil volume surrounding roots, called rhizosphere, plant-microorganism relationships in the rhizosphere is also of great agronomical and ecological importance. To addres…

Plant genotype: a lever in the interactions between plant and its associated rhizosphere microbiome

International audience; In the context of highly pressured agricultural production using low levels of inputs, cropping strategies could take advantage of existing plant-microbiome interactions that can improve both plant growth and health. We believe that plant genetics can provide some clues to better understand the mechanisms underlying microbiome recruitment by the plant.The aims of this work were (i) to assess plant genotype effect on the rhizosphere bacterial communities in relation to the plant nutritional strategies for a core collection of 155 genotypes of Medicago truncatula and (ii) to highlight the genetic determinisms potentially associated in these interactions. To achieve the…

Going back to roots: combining phenotyping, ecophysiology and molecular physiology

International audience

Solution de détection des maladies de la vigne par imagerie de drone. Diagnostic et réduction des pesticides à la parcelle

ARTICLE A NE PAS DIFFUSEREAGEAPSIAgrosupCT1; Solution de détection des maladies de la vigne par imagerie de drone. Diagnostic et réduction des pesticides à la parcelle

Application du phénotypage haut débit à l'étude des interactions plante x microorganismes en conditions de stress

National audience

Relationship between the activity of nitrogen fixation and soil nitrogen availability throughout the growth cycle of pea

National audience

Use of the 15N isotope dilution technique on a short time interval for the determination of the percentage of N derived from symbiotic fixation by pea (P. sativum L.) during the growth cycle

Influence of the form of nitrogen nutrition regime on shoot, nodule and root growth of pea : relationship between nitrogen fixation and soil nitrogen availability

International audience

Soil microbial diversity effects on primary production and symbiotic interactions

SPEEAEcolDurGenoSolGEAPSI; The importance of telluric microorganisms linked together by trophic exchanges with plants, that sustain all ecosystems through primary production, is known. However, the role of soil microbial diversity for primary production remains controversial. A diversity decreasing was achieved, by inoculating a sterilized soil with serial dilutions of a suspension from the same non-sterilized soil, to determine the consequences of microbial diversity erosion on the growth and fitness of three plant species more or less dependent on symbionts, Medicago truncatula, Brachypodium distachyon and Arabidopsis thaliana. The results showed that the impact of microbial diversity dec…

Comment la plante récupère-t-elle après un stress hydrique ? Une étude écophysiologique et moléculaire chez la légumineuse à graines Pisum sativum

EABAPGEAPSI DOCT INRA; Le pois (Pisum sativum) possède la capacité de fixer l’azote atmosphérique via une symbiose avec des bactéries du sol, permettant ainsi de s’affranchir d’engrais azotés. Cependant, ce processus est très sensible au stress hydrique, et reste affecté même lorsque les conditions hydriques redeviennent optimales. Or, la capacité d’une plante à récupérer après un stress hydrique peut être déterminante pour l’élaboration de son rendement. Pourtant, les mécanismes enclenchés lors de la phase de récupération restent peu connus. Le but de cette thèse est d’évaluer la capacité de la plante à récupérer après un stress hydrique et d’identifier les processus écophysiologiques et m…

Do pea nodulated roots have a memory like a sieve or like an elephant when faced with recurrent water deficits ?

National audience; In the current context of climate change, periods of water deficit occur more frequentlyalong the crop cycle, leading to high yield losses. To limit the negative impact of recurrentwater deficits, plants can adapt, via the mobilization of “stress memory”, allowing them torespond to a subsequent stress in a faster and/or more intensive manner. After a first stressevent, plants can keep an imprint of this stress via the induction of epigenetic (e.g. memorygene regulation), physiological (e.g. stomatal closure) and molecular (e.g. compoundaccumulation) changes. When maintained between two stress periods, these changes mayprepare plants for a subsequent water deficit.This wor…

What do we expect from high throughput phenotyping ?

prod ?EASPEGEAPSIGESTADINRAPPHD; What do we expect from high throughput phenotyping ?. Séminaire Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science

Influence of maternal environment on embryonic cell division: consequences for the pea seed growth potential

International audience

The roots of agriculture. To dig or not to dig: root phenotyping for breeding

Nouvelles méthodes de phénotypage

National audience

How does pea (Pisum sativum) recover from water deficit?

International audience

Water entry into detached root systems saturates with increasing externally applied pressure ; a result inconsistent with models of simple passive diffusion

International audience

Phenotyping in Agroecology

International audience

Plant acclimation to high temperatures and water deficit: a comparative study determining independent and combined effects in four grain legume species

National audience; Four grain legumes species (Pea, Faba bean, Lentil and Lupin) were evaluated for their responses to high temperatures (HT) and soil water deficit (WD), applied independently or jointly. We characterized both nodulated root development and growth, as well as nodulated root performance in terms of water and N uptake. To that aim, plants inoculated with rhizobium were grown up to four weeks, corresponding to their vegetative stage, in innovative RhizoTubes© on the 4PMI high throughput phenotyping platform. Most of the traits, including overall plant performance illustrated by plant biomass, were more impacted by combined HT and WD than when these stresses were applied separa…

A new conceptual framework shows that plant genotype and soil nitrogen availability modify both plant nutritional strategies and diversity of their associated rhizosphere microbiome

In the context of sustainable agriculture, it is desirable to lower the input of mineral fertilizers. Therefore, we need to select ‘new’ genotypes that are both adapted to ‘low fertilizer inputs’ and more efficient in nutrient use. A better understanding of plant-microbe interactions under low input of fertilizers is now needed. Nevertheless, in microbial ecology, conceptual frameworks or models are used to analyse plant-microbe interactions but plant phenotype is currently viewed as a “black box”. We developed a new conceptual framework to study plant-microbe interactions using a multidisciplinary approach combining Microbial Ecology and Plant Ecophysiology.The links among plant genotype, …

Root Phenotyping and candidate traits for optimizing plant nitrogen nutrition

International audience

How can high throughput phenotyping contribute to sustainable agriculture?

National audience

Phenotyping plant root and their interaction with soil micro-organisms

International audience

Etude de l’interaction « Plante x Communauté microbienne du sol » chez l’espèce modèle Medicago truncatula

National audience

Study of the adaptative response of N2 fixation to a root pruning in peas using environmental and genetic variations

International audience; Pea is the first grain legume grown in Europe for its seeds rich in protein. As a legume, it has the ability to fix atmospheric N2 by the symbiosis with Rhyzobium bacteria. Still, N nutrition can be a limiting factor of pea yield, due to a high sensitivity of symbiotic N2 fixation to biotic stress like Aphanomyces that leads to root rots. The consequences of root damage on nodules and their N2 fixing activity and the possible adaptive response of plants still remain unknown. Root pruning could be an innovative experimental way to study these effects, resulting both in nodules and N2 deprivation. Still, researches described the adaptive responses of plants to a local …

Nitrogen uptake indicators and nitrogen accumulation in pea seeds

National audience

Ecophysiological processes underlying soybean mineral nutrition under individual or combined heat and water stresses

In a context of climate change, with more frequent drought events and heatwaves, it ispredicted that soybean yields will drastically decrease in the near future. Soybean being themost widely grown legume crop in the world, there is an urgent need to improve its ability tosustain its growth under such conditions in order to guarantee high levels of productivity. Theaim of this study was to explore the influence of heat and/or water stress on soybean growthand its water and mineral nutritions. Two soybean genotypes, displaying contrasted rootarchitectures during their vegetative stage were grown under controlled conditions in the4PMI high-throughput phenotyping platform where either optimal c…

Nodulated root imaging within the high throughput plant phenotyping platform (PPHD, INRA, Dijon)

Présentation orale/ Communication avec actes

Membres du comité d’organisation logistique local

International audience

Effect of mineral nitrogen on nitrogen nutrition and biomass partitioning between the shoot and roots of pea (Pisum sativum L.)

International audience

Phenotipage racinaire, cas d'étude des légumineuses

National audience

Des plateformes et des omes: comment alimenter les modèles

National audience

Symbiotic N2 fixation activity in relation to C economy of Pisum sativum L. as a function of plant phenology

The relationships between symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) activity and C fluxes were investigated in pea plants (Pisum sativum L. cv. Baccara) using simultaneous 13 C and 15 N labelling. Analysis of the dynamics of labelled CO 2 efflux from the nodulated roots allowed the different components associated with SNF activity to be calculated, together with root and nodule synthetic and maintenance processes. The carbon costs for the synthesis of roots and nodules were similar and decreased with time. Carbon lost by turnover, associated with maintenance processes, decreased with time for nodules while it increased in the roots. Nodule turnover remained higher than root turnover until flowering…

Biomes cultures : filières alimentaires et valorisation non alimentaire

La satisfaction des besoins alimentaires n’est toujours pas assurée pour une part importante de la population en régions tropicales. Les changements climatiques sont susceptibles d’aggraver cette situation et d’induire également des irrégularités de production conséquentes dans les régions agricoles tempérées. Globalement l’insécurité alimentaire pourrait donc s’accroître dans le temps et l’espace. Par manque d’études prédictives précises et considérant différents niveaux d’échelle (plante, exploitation, bassin et région de production), on perçoit encore très mal les évolutions futures par filière et aire géographique, notamment sur le plan quantitatif (estimation des impacts, de leurs des …

Disentangling the complexity and diversity of crosstalks between S and other mineral nutrients in cultivated plants

International audience

Maîtrise et gestion de la biodiversité dans les sols: quelles perspectives ?

National audience

Crosstalks between soil microbial communities and a nitrogen fixing legume species (medicago truncatula) during its Vegetative Stage

International audience

Unraveling the hidden half of legumes: root phenotyping and microbial interactions

Prod ? EA GEAPSI INRA; International audience

How to decrease the negative impact of water stress on soybean production : application of thuricin-17 and nod factors

International audience; Climate change will most certainly result in increased drought stress events. Besides, water scarcity is already the abiotic stress most limiting to crop production and this is particularly relevant for drought-sensitive legumes. For example, a moderate level of water deficit can reduce soybean production by approximately 40%. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop a method involving the use of beneficial plant x microorganism interaction in order to reduce the impact of water stress on soybean production. In particular we investigated whether the application of two molecules (thuricin-17 or lipochitooligosaccharides (LCO)) produced by a Plant Gr…

What is needed, what does phenotyping deliver?

prod ?EASPEGEAPSIGESTADINRAPPHD; What is needed, what does phenotyping deliver?. Séminaire Hefei University

Développement et composition de la graine de Medicago truncatula

National audience

High-throughput phenotyping of key legumes (and others) root traits

International audience

Leaf metabolite profiling reveals biochemical diversities within wheat genetic resources

Session : Plant, food, enviromenal and microbial, Poster P-422; International audience

Frontiers in plant and crop physiology

Prod 2017-358b EA GEAPSI INRA; International audience

High throughput phenotyping : associated tools and methods to assess determinisms of plant and microbiome interactions

Combining ecophysiological and microbial ecological approaches to assess interaction between genotypes of Medicago truncatula and the soil bacterial communities

International audience; Microbial communities can play a key role in sustainable agriculture by improving crop growth. Currently, a major stake is to study the effect of the plant genotype on the shaping of the soil microbial communities in relation to the plant nutrition. Methods: The links between the plant genotype and the rhizospheric bacterial communities were assessed at both structural and functional level using a multidisciplinary approach. On the one side, the genetic structure (Automated Ribosomial Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA)) and diversity (454 pyrosequencing) of bacterial communities of the rhizosphere was first analysed. On the other side, using an ecophysiological model…

Measurement of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the field using a multienrichment technique

International audience

Nitrogen nutrition level and temperature effects on vegetative N remobilisation rate and distribution of canopy N during seed filling period in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)

International audience

Determinisms of plant and microbiome interactions : a multidisciplinary approach involving high-throughput phenotyping

International audience

Looking back to roots: phenotyping facilities and applications. Web broadcast conference

Apparent aquaporin mediated water entry into pressurised detached root systems of pea, soybean and tomato follows saturating facilitated diffusion kinetics

International audience

Ecophysiological processes underlying mineral nutrition of soybean under individual or combined heat and water stresses

In a context of climate change, with more frequent drought events and heatwaves, it is predicted that soybean yields will drastically decrease in the near future. Soybean being the most widely grown legume crop in the world, there is an urgent need to improve its ability to sustain its growth under such conditions in order to guarantee high levels of productivity. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of heat and/or water stress on soybean growth and its water and mineral nutritions. Two soybean genotypes, displaying contrasted root architectures during their vegetative stage were grown under controlled conditions in the 4PMI high-throughput phenotyping platform where either op…

Combining molecular microbial ecology with ecophysiology and plant genetics for a better understanding of plant-microbial communities' interactions in the rhizosphere.

18 pages; International audience

Analyse écophysiologique de la récupération après un stress hydrique chez la légumineuse à graines Pisum sativum

National audience; Le pois (Pisum sativum) possède la capacité de fixer l’azote atmosphérique via une symbiose avec des bactéries du sol, au sein de structures racinaires appelées nodosités, permettant ainsi de s’affranchir de l’apport d’engrais azotés pour sa culture. Cependant, la fixation symbiotique de l’azote est un processus très sensible au stress hydrique qui l’affecte négativement. Bien que la capacité d’une plante à récupérer après un stress hydrique puisse être déterminante pour sa survie et l’élaboration de son rendement, les mécanismes enclenchés lors de cette phase restent peu connus. Afin d’évaluer la capacité du pois à récupérer après un stress hydrique, notamment en termes …

E-Cadherin-beta-catenin adhesion complex in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung : asuggested role upon local invasion and metastasis

International audience

Challenges to improve nutrients use efficiency and plant–microbial Interactions: case studies of N and legumes

International audience

Inorganic carbon-stimulated O2 photoreduction is suppressed by NO2- assimilation in air-grown cells of Synechococcus UTEX 625

International audience

Les technologies du numérique au service du phénotypage HD et de la sélection des plantes

National audience

Phenotyping, ecophysiology and molecular physiology to characterize plant root system architecture and plant-plant and plant-microorganisms interactions

International audience; Agriculture is facing the challenges to improve performance and crop adaptation to climate change towards reducing negative impacts of associated abiotic stresses on crop yield and contributing to its mitigation. Climate change comprises more frequent and ample abiotic stresses that plants have to cope with, such as drought, the most important limitation to yield stability and plant harvest product quality which often lead to hydromineral nutritional stress. The capacity of plants to extract nutrients and water from a given volume of soil depends on root system architecture and on intrinsic factors such as the production of root exudates and the efficiency for resour…

Seasonal patterns of C-13 partitioning between shoots and nodulated roots of N2 or nitrate-fed Pisum sativum L

International audience

Étude de la résilience du pois et de la Féverole au stress hydrique

Data & Agriculture. What's going on ?

Drought Stress Memory at the Plant Cycle Level: A Review

International audience; Plants are sessile organisms whose survival depends on their strategy to cope with dynamic, stressful conditions. It is urgent to improve the ability of crops to adapt to recurrent stresses in order to alleviate the negative impacts on their productivity. Although our knowledge of plant adaptation to drought has been extensively enhanced during the last decades, recent studies have tackled plant responses to recurrent stresses. The present review synthesizes the major findings from studies addressing plant responses to multiple drought events, and demonstrates the ability of plants to memorize drought stress. Stress memory is described as a priming effect allowing a …

Pea Efficiency of Post-drought Recovery Relies on the Strategy to Fine-Tune Nitrogen Nutrition

International audience; As drought is increasingly frequent in the context of climate change it is a major constraint for crop growth and yield. The ability of plants to maintain their yield in response to drought depends not only on their ability to tolerate drought, but also on their capacity to subsequently recover. Post-stress recovery can indeed be decisive for drought resilience and yield stability. Pea (Pisum sativum), as a legume, has the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen through its symbiotic interaction with soil bacteria within root nodules. Biological nitrogen fixation is highly sensitive to drought which can impact plant nitrogen nutrition and growth. Our study aimed at dyna…

Does the memory of a first water deficit enable a more efficient response to a subsequent water deficit?

National audience; In the current context of climate change, periods of water deficit occur more frequentlyalong the crop cycle, leading to high yield losses. To limit the negative impact of recurrentwater deficits, plants can adapt, via the mobilization of “stress memory”, allowing them torespond to a subsequent stress in a faster and/or more intensive manner. After a first stressevent, plants can keep an imprint of this stress via the induction of epigenetic (e.g. memorygene regulation), physiological (e.g. stomatal closure) and molecular (e.g. compoundaccumulation) changes. When maintained between two stress periods, these changes mayprepare plants for a subsequent water deficit.This wor…

Genetic variability of root morphology in pea : relationship with the seed protein content

National audience

Anatomie d’expérience du projet Horizon Rhizobreed : boîte à outils de sélection pour améliorer la résilience des cultures et l'adaptation au changement climatique via la sélection à l'interface racine-sol

Overview of INRA - Sustainable agriculture development: French Experience

International audience

L’excellence scientifique et le potentiel d’innovation et de transfert de technologie présents à Dijon dans les domaines de l’agroenvironnement

National audience

Phénotypage racinaire haut débit et ses applications à l'étude des interactions plante x microorganisme

Prod 2019-83f BAP EA SPE GEAPSI SERRES GESTAD INRA; National audience; De nombreuses innovations ont été développées afin de caractériser le fonctionnement des plantes modèles ou cultivées. Ces innovations comprennent de nouvelles méthodes et équipements dédiés à l’analyse des plantes et la gestion des données associées. Ils permettent d’analyser dans des conditions climatiques variées la morphologie, la phénologie et le fonctionnement physiologique des plantes résultant de l’expression de leurs gènes, ce que l’on appelle le « phénotype » d’une plante. Ceci est réalisé à « haut débit » par le biais de la caractérisation non destructive, dynamique et automatisée des phénotypes de milliers de…

High throughput root phenotyping, besides shoot phenotyping

International audience

Influence of soil nitrate availability on symbiotic N2 fixation, nitrogen nutrition and biomass partitioning between shoot and root of pea

International audience

How does pea (Pisum sativum) recover from water deficit?

International audience; Pea (Pisum sativum), like other legumes, has the unique ability to fix atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) via symbiosis with soil bacteria known as rhizobia in root nodules. This particular feature makes the pea crop an essential component of sustainable cropping systems because of the reduction of nitrogen fertilizers it affords. However symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is very susceptible to abiotic stresses and particularly to water deficit, which is becoming an increasingly common threat in the current context of climate change. Water deficit impacts negatively SNF (Prudent et al., 2016), affecting both nodule number and growth (i.e. structural components of SNF) and t…

Phenotyping: Case study of legumes plants

International audience; The activities of the GEAPSI group, belonging to the large research unit Agroecology, is devoted to the genetic improvement of legumes important for European agriculture, and focuses on the cultivated species pea (Pisum sativum) and the field bean (Vicia faba). These studies are supported by basic research on a model legume, Medicago truncatula, used for taking advantage of the extensive genomics information available. Some examples will first illustrate how the combination of analytical, non-destructive phenotypical measurements and modelling can improve our understanding of plant functioning, taking as case studies legumes plants. The presentation will then describ…

Automated phenotyping and phenotype data analysis of plant, fruit and root development in tomato (Micro-Tom cv.)

International audience

ArchiRac : Caractérisation de la diversité génétique de l’architecture racinaire chez le blé tendre et le blé dur

National audience; Le système racinaire constitue la partie invisible des plantes mais il joue néanmoins un rôleprimordial dans leur développement. C’est par le système racinaire que la plante va prélever deséléments qui sont indispensables à sa survie, et c’est donc, au moins en partie, les caractéristiques dece système racinaire qui vont lui permettre de résister à des stress abiotiques. Il a été notammentmontré que des caractères liés à l’architecture racinaire pouvaient être responsables d’une meilleuretolérance à des stress hydriques. Le projet FSOV ArchiRac vise à caractériser un grand nombre devariétés élites et de diversité de blé tendre et de blé dur pour leur architecture racinair…

Participation comme expert scientifique international à l’évaluation de la candidature de Nanjing Agriculture University pour la création du Centre National de Phénotypage Chinois dans le cadre de l'International Evaluation Meeting of National Facility for Crop Phenomics, décembre 2017

Christophe Salon a participé en décembre 2017, comme expert international, à l’évaluation de la candidature de Nanjing Agriculture University pour la création du Centre National de Phénotypage Chinois.Plusieurs autres experts internationaux (e.g. Fred Baret - INRA, France, Scott Chapman -CSIRO, Australie, Trevor Garnett -CSIRO, Australie, Xavier Sirault -CSIRO, Australie, David Han (Phenotrait, Chine) etc) ont participé à cette réunion suivie par la conférence Modern Agricultural Science and Technoilogy Conference (China Jiangsu).

A new journal on the legume research horizon - Legume Perspectives; Legume Perspectives Editorial Board

International audience; Through the decades of research on various legume species and crops worldwide, its results have been published in an endless number of national and international journals and magazines dealing with various topics. It is certain that the articles on genetics, propelled by Mendel’s pioneering work, are among the most numerous, but it is also true that those on agronomy, agro-ecology, or stress tolerance were produced rather abundantly. So far, there has not been a journal devoted specifically to legume science, except Legume Research published by the Agricultural Research Communication Centre, India. We have published our articles in several crop-specific journals, suc…

Construction d'une chambre phytotronique de marquage isotopique double C/N pour l'étude du fonctionnement des légumineuses: description du dispositif

National audience

Assessing plant and microorganisms interactions using high throughput phenotyping

International audience

Na+ content of xylem is related to root biomass in peas : a potential tool for studying root growth under controlled conditions in various substrates

International audience

Les défis méthodologiques du phénotypage Haut Débit - Expectations of plant high throughput phenotyping and associated tools and methods

Challenges and opportunities for innovative research on legume nutrition and stress adaptation: an ecophysiologist’s and phenotyping point of view

International audience; Agroecology needs to reconcile agronomy and ecology, preserving and valorizing plant and microbe biodiversity. Legumes have merits for agroecology considering their ecological services. They constitute a protein source and their production relocation give merits for feed and food. However, they are still under represented due to both biotic and abiotic constraints. Research need to increase their profitability through higher and more stable yield and protein content, and new uses in a fluctuating environment [2]. Mechanisms which control nutrient use efficiency have to be highlighted i) considering nutrient acquisition, storage, remobilization [3] ii) under various c…

Les liens existants entre pratiques culturales et qualité des matières premières agricoles

National audience; Pratiques agricoles : Quel impact sur le produit fini ? Le 14 décembre 2017 à partir de 14h à Vitagora - 4 bd Dr Jean Veillet, 21000 DIJON Quel lien existe-t-il entre les pratiques agricoles et les matières premières obtenues ? Peut-on piloter la qualité nutritionnelle et technologique d'un produit fini en agissant sur la pratique agricole ? En tant qu'industriel, cela vaut-il vraiment le coup ? Venez échanger sur les possibilités et les enjeux qui restent à travailler concernant les liens entre pratiques agricoles et produits finis. Un Vitagora Café pour les cadres et décideurs R&D, marketing, et qualité des filières céréales, fruits et légumes. Intervention de Dijon Cér…

Transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of the nodulated pea root system during rewatering

National audience; In pea (Pisum sativum), as in other legumes, nitrogen nutrition relies on two different sources: soil mineral nitrogen supply via roots and and symbiotic atmospheric N2 fixation within root nodules. However symbiotic nitrogen fixation is very sensitive to abiotic stresses, especially drought, which is becoming increasingly frequent in the current context of climate change. Although the ability of a crop to recover after a drought period can determine both its survival and its yield at harvest, little is known about the physiological and molecular mechanisms occurring during recovery. In this work, we aimed at characterizing the kinetics of growth and nitrogen acquisition …

Genetic diversity for seed protein composition in Meticago truncatula

International audience

Analyse écophysiologique de la récupération après un stress hydrique chez la légumineuse à graines Pisum sativum

National audience

Comment le mode de nutrition azotée influence-t-il le prélèvement, le stockage et la remobilisation des nutriments en conditions hydriques fluctuantes chez le pois ?

National audience; Pea seeds have interesting nutritional properties through their protein, vitamin and mineral contents. However, environmental conditions such as soil water availability during plant growth influence both final yield and seed quality in pea. Soil water conditions not only modulates pea nitrogen acquisition whatever the mode of nitrogen nutrition: mineral nitrogen acquisition by roots and atmospheric di-nitrogen fixation by nodules in interaction with rhizobia, but also the overall plant mineral nutrition. The aim of this study is to get a better understanding of soil water deficit impact on nutrient acquisition, storage and distribution inside the plant according to the mo…

Inhibition and recovery of symbiotic N2 fixation by peas (Pisum sativum L.) in response to short term nitrate exposure

International audience; Cereal-legume intercrops are a promising way to combine high productivity and several ecological benefits in temperate agro-ecosystems. However the proportion of each species in the mixture at harvest is highly variable. N-fertilisation may be a mean for controlling these proportions (Naudin et al., 2010). Symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF) can be inhibited by nitrate exposure. Although the effect of nitrate on SNF has been extensively investigated different scales, few studies have highlighted the impact of different timings of nitrate exposure on the SNF apparatus (N2 fixation rate and nodule biomass) and on its ability to recover after nitrates removal. The aim of this s…

PPHD: a platform for phenotyping broadband

National audience

SAP composition within pea (P.sativum L.) plants grown in field as influenced by the nitrogen nutrition

International audience

Architecture et croissance du système racinaire du maïs

National audience

Costs-benfits trade-off in the intercation between Medicago truncatula and Pseudomonas fluorescens C7R12 across atmospheric carbon dioxide modulation

The interactions between plants and soil microorganisms are mainly based on trophic relationships. The compounds exchanged represent cost for the organism produces them but a benefit for the one who receive those compounds. A mutualistic relation leads to stability in the cost-benefit balance resulting from a co-evolution between the two organisms. The cost corresponding for the release of carbon compounds by the plant would be offset by benefits in return corresponding for the activities of microorganisms that use them. We tested by an experimental way the effect of CO2 concentration on the interaction between M. truncatula and the bacterium P. fluorescens C7R12. The results allowed a best…

« PPHD » : A Platform For High Throughput Phenotyping of Plant/Plant and Plant/Microorganisms Interactions

International audience

Exploring architectural traits and ecophysiological responses in soybean under heat and water stress: implications for climate change adaptation

In the context of climate change, characterized by increasingly frequent droughts and heat waves, it is anticipated that the global soybean yields, the most extensively grown legume, will experience a significant decline in the foreseeable future.. There is thus an urgent need to improve its ability to maintain growth and productivity under such conditions. The objective of this study was to explore which plant traits make soybeans more resilient to heat and/or water stress, with a focus on plant architecture. For this purpose, two soybean genotypes, already shown to have contrasted root architecture (Maslard et al., 2021) were grown under controlledconditions in the high-throughput phenoty…

ça bouillone dans nos assiettes. Reportage France 3 Bourgogne Franche Comté. 52mn

Que mangerons-nous, que mangeront nos enfants demain ? Le contenu de nos assiettes ne cesse d'évoluer. Pour beaucoup, la viande n'est plus consommée tous les jours, ce n'est plus l'aliment central du repas. Qu'impliquent ces changements de menu ? Sont-ils motivés par le souci de mieux manger, d'être en meilleure santé ou imposés par des budgets de plus en plus serrés ? Enquêtes de région va cuisiner l'avenir.

Phloem: highway to N

National audience

Isotopic fractionation due to N2 fixation in various grain legumes

National audience

Le système racinaire nodulé du pois : un rôle pivot pour sa stabilité sous contraintes hydriques fluctuantes

National audience; Dans le contexte du changement climatique, des épisodes de stress hydrique plus fréquents sont attendus, entraînant des modifications de nutrition, de croissance des plantes, et donc des pertes de rendements. Chez les plantes légumineuses, telles que le pois protéagineux, un stress hydrique du sol diminue drastiquement l’acquisition de l’azote (N) par la fixation symbiotique du N2 atmosphérique, conduisant à une carence azotée de la plante et pouvant diminuer le rendement de 30 à 60% suivant les variétés. Il apparait donc nécessaire de sélectionner des génotypes de pois mieux adaptés à la sécheresse. Dans cette étude, les réponses architecturales, physiologiques et transc…

A genetic and molecular approach to identify transcription factors controlling maize root adaptive response to water deficit

Water stress is recognized as the most severe abiotic stress for agricultural productivity. Root traits play a key role in tolerance to water stress but have largely been neglected in selection schemes. In order to identify the maize genetic bases of the root adaptive responses to water deficit (WD), we used a MAGIC mapping population of 400 lines based on the intercrossing of 16 genotypes. The fine phenotyping of the different genotypes was performed under contrasting water supply on the French root phenotyping platform (4PMI). On the 16 founder genotypes, in addition of phenotyping, we sampled different root tissues daily over 7 days after irrigation arrest and performed RNAseq. On the ba…

Managing crop nitrogen and soil dynamics

Despite extensive research grain legume seed protein content and yield remains low and unstable. Grain legume performances in the cropping system are highly dependent upon N nutrition of the crop relying on root assimilation of soil N in combination with symbiotic fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen. In order to improve the competitive ability of grain legumes for growth resources an enlargement of the crop surface area production in combination with a judicious management of both inputs and N acquisition (and allocation to the harvested organs) is needed. Competitive ability implies to take into account economical constraints and the crop production effect on the environment, reducing the a…

ILS3 highlighted nice results and challenging opportunities for innovative research on grain legume. Legume Perspective

From simple visualization to detailed understanding of plant and microbes interactions, using ‘pheno’ methods and models

International audience

Quantitative effects of soil nitrate, growth potential and phenology on symbiotic nitrogen fixation of pea (Pisum sativum L.)

International audience

Outils et méthodes pour le phénotypage racinaire haut débit

National audience

Legume chains diagnosis for animal and human food and (some...) development prospects

International audience

Combining plant genetic, ecophysiological and microbiological approaches to enhance nitrogen uptake in legumes

International audience

Root growth and development under heat and water stresses: a comparative study determining independent and combined effects in four grain legume species

International audience; hanks to their ability to fix atmospheric dinitrogen in symbiosis with soil bacteria, grain legumes provide a sustainable way to ensure food and nutritional security. Unfortunately, these crops are highly susceptible to environmental constraints such as heat or water stresses which leads to fluctuating yields as compared to cereals. In the context of climate change, more frequent episodes of heat stress, concomitant (or not) with water stress are expected. This emphasizes the need to identify key plant traits towards a better yield stability under stressful conditions.

Interactions between yield stability and seed composition

High-throughput phenotyping : characterizing physiological and genetic determinants of key traits of the root system

International audience

Rhizodeposition as a functional trait in legumes. Study of trade-off for plant productivity and resilience

Rhizodeposition is the release of organic carbon (C) to the soil that connects the biotic and abiotic components of the C cycle. It can promote C storage to soil but also mediates plant-microbe interactions (Jones et al., 2009). These interactions are complexes as rhizodeposition will influence the composition and functioning of microbial populations which in return are able to increase the availability of nutrients in soil and provide protection against pathogens (Sasse et al., 2018). Despite their importance for current agriculture challenges, plant-soil microbes interactions remain poorly understood due to the methodological challenge they represent and the complexity of actors and proce…

S-34 and N-15 labelling to model S and N flux in plants and determine the different components of N and S use efficiency

International audience; In order to highlight our understanding on ecosystems functioning and resource sharing/competition, either in artificial environment or agrosystems, according to changes in the climatic conditions, it is necessary to measure accurately element fluxes within plants. Stable isotopes allow tracking safely and accurately on a short time frame the behavior of elements in plants. After a short review devoted to isotopic studies of elemental flux within plants, we explain how a direct multiple labelling study might be conducted in a plant, so as to measure over short time nitrogen and sulfur acquisition, and assimilates arising from a labelled source.

Présentation de la 4PMI et de ses thématiques dans l'émission "Dream the Future" Episode 15: Farming. Planète + / RTBF / Servus TV

This episode will reveal the ways in which our eating habits will be revolutionized: vegetable proteins, urban farming, connected supermarkets, personalized food, new flavor experiences and more.

Photosynthetic nitrite reduction as influenced by the internal inorganic carbon pool in air-grown cells of Synechococcus UTEX 625

International audience

Legume adaptation to sulfur deficiency

BAPSPEEAGEAPSIIPM; Because sulfur-deficiency represents an agronomic issue for crops and notably for the quality of legume products, it is necessary to provide sulfur fertilizers according to crop sulfur needs along with improving sulfur use efficiency. To achieve this goal, increased knowledge of how plants respond to sulfur-deficiency is required. We subjected Medicago truncatula, a model legume species, to sulfur deficiency at different developmental stages and compared yield, nutrient allocation and seed traits. We revealed an impressive plasticity of M. truncatula that varied according to the S-stress period and influenced seed composition and germination. Sulfur deficiency at a mid-ve…

Associer biostimulants, SDP, systèmes d’imagerie et de pulvérisation au service de la santé du vignoble

Prod?IPMGEAPSISPEEAINRAUBAGROSUPDOCT; Associer biostimulants, SDP, systèmes d’imagerie et de pulvérisation au service de la santé du vignoble

High resolution imagery for phenotypic root traits detection

AgrosupINRAEAGEAPSI; High resolution imagery for phenotypic root traits detection. CIRG-AgEng 2016, International Conférence on Agricultural Engineering, Automation, Environment and Food Safety

New developments towards high throughput phenotyping studies devoted to innovative plant breeding tools

Study of the adaptative response of N2 fixation to local N deprivation in peas using environmental and genetic variations

National audience

Le pois lors de stress hydriques répétés : mémoire d’éléphant ou de poisson rouge ?

International audience; Dans le contexte actuel du changement climatique où les épisodes de déficits hydriques deviennent de plus fréquents et surviennent àdifférents stades au cours du cycle, les légumineuses à graines telles que le pois voient leur rendement fortement impacté. Afin de limiter lesimpacts négatifs de stress répétés, les plantes peuvent mettre en place une « mémoire » du stress, qui induit une modification de leur réponseà des stress ultérieurs. Cette mémoire dépend de plusieurs paramètres qui vont moduler l’ampleur et la rapidité de la réponse à un secondstress. Le premier stress peut induire des modifications épigénétiques, physiologiques (e.g. fermeture des stomates) et m…

Phénotypage haut débit de l'architecture du système racinaire du blé

National audience; Phénotypage haut débit de l'architecture du système racinaire du blé. Journée scientifique de l'Association des Sélectionneurs Français

Theoretical evaluation of 15N isotopic methods for measuring symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the fied

International audience; Isotopic methods for the measurement of symbiotic N2 fixation by leguminous plants in the field rely on the use of differences in 15N enrichment between the N sources potentially available for leguminous crops, soil mineral N and atmospheric N2 . This methodology has been fully documented, especially concerning limitations due to non uniform and non constant distribution of 15N and to the use of a reference plant to measure it. Although all authors recognise the necessity of isotopic methods for giving yield independent and time-integrated estimates of symbiotic fixation, they also agree that these methods intrinsically remain imperfect. Our aim in this chapter is (i…

PPHD: une plateforme pour le phenotypage a haut debit

International audience; The methodologies for genotyping and high throughput automated platforms for the production of type-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, protected omics ...) have greatly increased over the last few years and are now available to analyze the expression of genes of plants in several environmental conditions. However, a break of conceptual and technical services, non-destructive characterization and dynamic phenotypes, at the organ or plarite, has hundreds of related genotypes (Broadband) remains the limiting factor for the discovery of new characters or new varieties. This systematic exploration of diversity. Genetics within a species or between species requires platform…

In situ Phenotyping of Grapevine Root System Architecture by 2D or 3D Imaging: Advantages and Limits of Three Cultivation Methods

International audience; The root system plays an essential role in the development and physiology of the plant, as well as in its response to various stresses. However, it is often insufficiently studied, mainly because it is difficult to visualize. For grapevine, a plant of major economic interest, there is a growing need to study the root system, in particular to assess its resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, understand the decline that may affect it, and identify new ecofriendly production systems. In this context, we have evaluated and compared three distinct growing methods (hydroponics, plane, and cylindric rhizotrons) in order to describe relevant architectural root traits of …