Phenotyping feeds plant models

prod ?EASPEBAPGEAPSIGESTADINRA; Phenotyping feeds plant models. 6th IEEE International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling Visualization and Application

Selection for root system architecture and nodulation in pea

Prod 2018-98b BAP GEAPSI INRA; National audience

In the context of sustainable agriculture how, with plant high throughput phenotyping, can we address the various challenges?

International audience; In a context of climate change and soil and water resource degradation, it becomes increasingly important to reduce the need for high nutrient, water, or pesticides inputs, leading to more sustainable agricultural practices. In this context, our aim is to select the best performing crops in various deleterious abiotic environments, having both a higher yield and a better quality, a better environmental « efficiency ». Because plants interact with numerous and diverse microorganisms, especially in the soil volume surrounding roots, called rhizosphere, plant-microorganism relationships in the rhizosphere is also of great agronomical and ecological importance. To addres…

Fruit size in relation to competition for resources: A common model shared by two species and several genotypes grown under contrasted carbohydrate levels

International audience; Fruit size is one important criterion of fruit external quality affecting consumer acceptance. The effects of seed number on fruit size in two fleshy fruits, grape and tomato, of different genotypes and grown under distinct carbohydrate availability levels were analyzed with a model. The two-parameter model described within-fruit resource competition and was able to well represent the commonly observed decrease in fresh weight per seed along with the increase in number of seeds, regardless of species, genotypes, and carbohydrate levels that were evaluated in this study. However, carbohydrate levels largely modified the correlation between seed number and fresh weight…

Going back to roots: combining phenotyping, ecophysiology and molecular physiology

International audience

Sélection pour l'architecture racinaire et les interactions symbiotiques chez le pois

National audience; La culture des légumineuses, et en particulier du pois, présente le double intérêt de permettre une production de graines à haute valeur nutritionnelle sans nécessité d’un apport d’engrais azoté et ainsi d’assurer à la fois sécurité alimentaire et respect de l’environnement. La nutrition azotée des légumineuses dépend en effet majoritairement de la fixation symbiotique de l’azote atmosphérique réalisée par des bactéries du sol, les rhizobia, au sein des nodosités, et dans une moindre mesure, de l’assimilation de l’azote minéral du sol par les racines. Cependant, la nutrition azotée du pois peut être insuffisante dans certains environnements et limiter ainsi le rendement d…

Application du phénotypage haut débit à l'étude des interactions plante x microorganismes en conditions de stress

National audience

Cultures de légumineuses et qualité des graines

National audience

A simplified model of sugar metabolism to analyze the genetic variations in tomato sugar content

International audience

Comment la plante récupère-t-elle après un stress hydrique ? Une étude écophysiologique et moléculaire chez la légumineuse à graines Pisum sativum

EABAPGEAPSI DOCT INRA; Le pois (Pisum sativum) possède la capacité de fixer l’azote atmosphérique via une symbiose avec des bactéries du sol, permettant ainsi de s’affranchir d’engrais azotés. Cependant, ce processus est très sensible au stress hydrique, et reste affecté même lorsque les conditions hydriques redeviennent optimales. Or, la capacité d’une plante à récupérer après un stress hydrique peut être déterminante pour l’élaboration de son rendement. Pourtant, les mécanismes enclenchés lors de la phase de récupération restent peu connus. Le but de cette thèse est d’évaluer la capacité de la plante à récupérer après un stress hydrique et d’identifier les processus écophysiologiques et m…

Do pea nodulated roots have a memory like a sieve or like an elephant when faced with recurrent water deficits ?

National audience; In the current context of climate change, periods of water deficit occur more frequentlyalong the crop cycle, leading to high yield losses. To limit the negative impact of recurrentwater deficits, plants can adapt, via the mobilization of “stress memory”, allowing them torespond to a subsequent stress in a faster and/or more intensive manner. After a first stressevent, plants can keep an imprint of this stress via the induction of epigenetic (e.g. memorygene regulation), physiological (e.g. stomatal closure) and molecular (e.g. compoundaccumulation) changes. When maintained between two stress periods, these changes mayprepare plants for a subsequent water deficit.This wor…

Présentation des projets FUI EAUPTIC et Plant2Pro®ARECOVER

National audience

What do we expect from high throughput phenotyping ?

prod ?EASPEGEAPSIGESTADINRAPPHD; What do we expect from high throughput phenotyping ?. Séminaire Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science

Nouvelles méthodes de phénotypage

National audience

How does pea (Pisum sativum) recover from water deficit?

International audience

Plant acclimation to high temperatures and water deficit: a comparative study determining independent and combined effects in four grain legume species

National audience; Four grain legumes species (Pea, Faba bean, Lentil and Lupin) were evaluated for their responses to high temperatures (HT) and soil water deficit (WD), applied independently or jointly. We characterized both nodulated root development and growth, as well as nodulated root performance in terms of water and N uptake. To that aim, plants inoculated with rhizobium were grown up to four weeks, corresponding to their vegetative stage, in innovative RhizoTubes© on the 4PMI high throughput phenotyping platform. Most of the traits, including overall plant performance illustrated by plant biomass, were more impacted by combined HT and WD than when these stresses were applied separa…

A new conceptual framework shows that plant genotype and soil nitrogen availability modify both plant nutritional strategies and diversity of their associated rhizosphere microbiome

In the context of sustainable agriculture, it is desirable to lower the input of mineral fertilizers. Therefore, we need to select ‘new’ genotypes that are both adapted to ‘low fertilizer inputs’ and more efficient in nutrient use. A better understanding of plant-microbe interactions under low input of fertilizers is now needed. Nevertheless, in microbial ecology, conceptual frameworks or models are used to analyse plant-microbe interactions but plant phenotype is currently viewed as a “black box”. We developed a new conceptual framework to study plant-microbe interactions using a multidisciplinary approach combining Microbial Ecology and Plant Ecophysiology.The links among plant genotype, …

Caractérisation éco-physiologique du développement de pois et lien avec l'amélioration variétale

Optimizing response to abiotic stress

International audience

Dissection of pea responses to water stress during seed filling identifies candidate genes for drought tolerance

International audience; Given their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, legumes are pivotal to the development of sustainable agriculture in Europe as a source of protein for food and feed. Pea (Pisum sativum) is currently the leading grain legume crop in France and major efforts are being made to reintroduce legumes as protein crops in Europe. However, instability of seed yield and quality due to environmental fluctuations still represent a real barrier for the development of these cultures, and breeding for stable yields is needed. In pea, drought stress occurring during the reproductive phase can greatly affect seed yield and quality. We investigated the response of pea plants (var. Cam…

Ecophysiological processes underlying soybean mineral nutrition under individual or combined heat and water stresses

In a context of climate change, with more frequent drought events and heatwaves, it ispredicted that soybean yields will drastically decrease in the near future. Soybean being themost widely grown legume crop in the world, there is an urgent need to improve its ability tosustain its growth under such conditions in order to guarantee high levels of productivity. Theaim of this study was to explore the influence of heat and/or water stress on soybean growthand its water and mineral nutritions. Two soybean genotypes, displaying contrasted rootarchitectures during their vegetative stage were grown under controlled conditions in the4PMI high-throughput phenotyping platform where either optimal c…

Phenotipage racinaire, cas d'étude des légumineuses

National audience

Diurnal pattern of primary metabolites exudation in legume sheds light on the major influence of root NSC and AA status

Can LCO and mycorrhiza mitigate the impact of water deficit on pea growth in co-inoculations with rhizobium? A preliminary assessment

National audience; Water stress is a major factor limiting production of legumes in Europe, but could be mitigated by improving interactions between plant roots and soil microbial communities, including symbiotic rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These two microbes produce lipochitooligosaccharide (LCO) signals, which stimulate symbiotic interactions and lateral root formation [1, 2]. While N2-fixation by rhizobia fulfills the plants N requirement [3], mycorrhizal fungi can improve mineral nutrition (P, N, S, K, Zn, Cu…) and water uptake [4- 5]. We have investigated in pea plants grown in interaction with a rhizobium strain, to what extent the negative impact of water deficit could…

How to decrease the negative impact of water stress on soybean production : application of thuricin-17 and nod factors

International audience; Climate change will most certainly result in increased drought stress events. Besides, water scarcity is already the abiotic stress most limiting to crop production and this is particularly relevant for drought-sensitive legumes. For example, a moderate level of water deficit can reduce soybean production by approximately 40%. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop a method involving the use of beneficial plant x microorganism interaction in order to reduce the impact of water stress on soybean production. In particular we investigated whether the application of two molecules (thuricin-17 or lipochitooligosaccharides (LCO)) produced by a Plant Gr…

What is needed, what does phenotyping deliver?

prod ?EASPEGEAPSIGESTADINRAPPHD; What is needed, what does phenotyping deliver?. Séminaire Hefei University

High-throughput phenotyping of key legumes (and others) root traits

International audience

High throughput phenotyping : associated tools and methods to assess determinisms of plant and microbiome interactions

Determinisms of plant and microbiome interactions : a multidisciplinary approach involving high-throughput phenotyping

International audience

Looking back to roots: phenotyping facilities and applications. Web broadcast conference

Démarches de biologie intégrative pour la compréhension des flux de carbone, azote et eau dans la plante

Les démarches de biologie intégrative, qui ont constitué le fil rouge de l’ensemble de mes travaux de recherche ont été abordées au sein de deux Axes Thématiques principaux : un axe concernant la qualité des produits récoltés et un axe concernant la valorisation des interactions plante-microorganismes favorisant le prélèvement des ressources azotées en conditions hydriques fluctuantes. C’est sur ce dernier axe que je travaille depuis mon recrutement en tant que Chargée de Recherche au sein de l’UMR Agroécologie. Cette approche de biologie intégrative (multi-disciplinaire et multi-échelle) me permet de hiérarchiser les processus écophysiologiques, métaboliques et moléculaires qui pourront êt…

Analyse écophysiologique de la récupération après un stress hydrique chez la légumineuse à graines Pisum sativum

National audience; Le pois (Pisum sativum) possède la capacité de fixer l’azote atmosphérique via une symbiose avec des bactéries du sol, au sein de structures racinaires appelées nodosités, permettant ainsi de s’affranchir de l’apport d’engrais azotés pour sa culture. Cependant, la fixation symbiotique de l’azote est un processus très sensible au stress hydrique qui l’affecte négativement. Bien que la capacité d’une plante à récupérer après un stress hydrique puisse être déterminante pour sa survie et l’élaboration de son rendement, les mécanismes enclenchés lors de cette phase restent peu connus. Afin d’évaluer la capacité du pois à récupérer après un stress hydrique, notamment en termes …

Déterminisme de l’acclimatation au stress hydrique chez le pois de printemps

Challenges to improve nutrients use efficiency and plant–microbial Interactions: case studies of N and legumes

International audience

Phenotyping, ecophysiology and molecular physiology to characterize plant root system architecture and plant-plant and plant-microorganisms interactions

International audience; Agriculture is facing the challenges to improve performance and crop adaptation to climate change towards reducing negative impacts of associated abiotic stresses on crop yield and contributing to its mitigation. Climate change comprises more frequent and ample abiotic stresses that plants have to cope with, such as drought, the most important limitation to yield stability and plant harvest product quality which often lead to hydromineral nutritional stress. The capacity of plants to extract nutrients and water from a given volume of soil depends on root system architecture and on intrinsic factors such as the production of root exudates and the efficiency for resour…

Projet FUI Eauptic : Limiter les pertes économiques induites par les stress hydriques transitoires, modérés et répétés. Développement d’un outil de diagnostic dynamique et de nouveaux fertilisants anti-stress

National audience

Étude de la résilience du pois et de la Féverole au stress hydrique

Drought Stress Memory at the Plant Cycle Level: A Review

International audience; Plants are sessile organisms whose survival depends on their strategy to cope with dynamic, stressful conditions. It is urgent to improve the ability of crops to adapt to recurrent stresses in order to alleviate the negative impacts on their productivity. Although our knowledge of plant adaptation to drought has been extensively enhanced during the last decades, recent studies have tackled plant responses to recurrent stresses. The present review synthesizes the major findings from studies addressing plant responses to multiple drought events, and demonstrates the ability of plants to memorize drought stress. Stress memory is described as a priming effect allowing a …

Pea Efficiency of Post-drought Recovery Relies on the Strategy to Fine-Tune Nitrogen Nutrition

International audience; As drought is increasingly frequent in the context of climate change it is a major constraint for crop growth and yield. The ability of plants to maintain their yield in response to drought depends not only on their ability to tolerate drought, but also on their capacity to subsequently recover. Post-stress recovery can indeed be decisive for drought resilience and yield stability. Pea (Pisum sativum), as a legume, has the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen through its symbiotic interaction with soil bacteria within root nodules. Biological nitrogen fixation is highly sensitive to drought which can impact plant nitrogen nutrition and growth. Our study aimed at dyna…

Does the memory of a first water deficit enable a more efficient response to a subsequent water deficit?

National audience; In the current context of climate change, periods of water deficit occur more frequentlyalong the crop cycle, leading to high yield losses. To limit the negative impact of recurrentwater deficits, plants can adapt, via the mobilization of “stress memory”, allowing them torespond to a subsequent stress in a faster and/or more intensive manner. After a first stressevent, plants can keep an imprint of this stress via the induction of epigenetic (e.g. memorygene regulation), physiological (e.g. stomatal closure) and molecular (e.g. compoundaccumulation) changes. When maintained between two stress periods, these changes mayprepare plants for a subsequent water deficit.This wor…

Phénotypage racinaire haut débit et ses applications à l'étude des interactions plante x microorganisme

Prod 2019-83f BAP EA SPE GEAPSI SERRES GESTAD INRA; National audience; De nombreuses innovations ont été développées afin de caractériser le fonctionnement des plantes modèles ou cultivées. Ces innovations comprennent de nouvelles méthodes et équipements dédiés à l’analyse des plantes et la gestion des données associées. Ils permettent d’analyser dans des conditions climatiques variées la morphologie, la phénologie et le fonctionnement physiologique des plantes résultant de l’expression de leurs gènes, ce que l’on appelle le « phénotype » d’une plante. Ceci est réalisé à « haut débit » par le biais de la caractérisation non destructive, dynamique et automatisée des phénotypes de milliers de…

High throughput root phenotyping, besides shoot phenotyping

International audience

Ecophysilogical modeling of fruit quality

National audience

How does pea (Pisum sativum) recover from water deficit?

International audience; Pea (Pisum sativum), like other legumes, has the unique ability to fix atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) via symbiosis with soil bacteria known as rhizobia in root nodules. This particular feature makes the pea crop an essential component of sustainable cropping systems because of the reduction of nitrogen fertilizers it affords. However symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is very susceptible to abiotic stresses and particularly to water deficit, which is becoming an increasingly common threat in the current context of climate change. Water deficit impacts negatively SNF (Prudent et al., 2016), affecting both nodule number and growth (i.e. structural components of SNF) and t…

Architecture racinaire, interactions symbiotiques, stress

Prod 2018-322 BAP EA GEAPSI INRA; National audience

Assessing plant and microorganisms interactions using high throughput phenotyping

International audience

Les défis méthodologiques du phénotypage Haut Débit - Expectations of plant high throughput phenotyping and associated tools and methods

Challenges and opportunities for innovative research on legume nutrition and stress adaptation: an ecophysiologist’s and phenotyping point of view

International audience; Agroecology needs to reconcile agronomy and ecology, preserving and valorizing plant and microbe biodiversity. Legumes have merits for agroecology considering their ecological services. They constitute a protein source and their production relocation give merits for feed and food. However, they are still under represented due to both biotic and abiotic constraints. Research need to increase their profitability through higher and more stable yield and protein content, and new uses in a fluctuating environment [2]. Mechanisms which control nutrient use efficiency have to be highlighted i) considering nutrient acquisition, storage, remobilization [3] ii) under various c…

Les liens existants entre pratiques culturales et qualité des matières premières agricoles

National audience; Pratiques agricoles : Quel impact sur le produit fini ? Le 14 décembre 2017 à partir de 14h à Vitagora - 4 bd Dr Jean Veillet, 21000 DIJON Quel lien existe-t-il entre les pratiques agricoles et les matières premières obtenues ? Peut-on piloter la qualité nutritionnelle et technologique d'un produit fini en agissant sur la pratique agricole ? En tant qu'industriel, cela vaut-il vraiment le coup ? Venez échanger sur les possibilités et les enjeux qui restent à travailler concernant les liens entre pratiques agricoles et produits finis. Un Vitagora Café pour les cadres et décideurs R&D, marketing, et qualité des filières céréales, fruits et légumes. Intervention de Dijon Cér…

Transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of the nodulated pea root system during rewatering

National audience; In pea (Pisum sativum), as in other legumes, nitrogen nutrition relies on two different sources: soil mineral nitrogen supply via roots and and symbiotic atmospheric N2 fixation within root nodules. However symbiotic nitrogen fixation is very sensitive to abiotic stresses, especially drought, which is becoming increasingly frequent in the current context of climate change. Although the ability of a crop to recover after a drought period can determine both its survival and its yield at harvest, little is known about the physiological and molecular mechanisms occurring during recovery. In this work, we aimed at characterizing the kinetics of growth and nitrogen acquisition …

Root system architecture, nodulation and nitrogen nutrition in pea

National audience

Analyse écophysiologique de la récupération après un stress hydrique chez la légumineuse à graines Pisum sativum

National audience

Comment le mode de nutrition azotée influence-t-il le prélèvement, le stockage et la remobilisation des nutriments en conditions hydriques fluctuantes chez le pois ?

National audience; Pea seeds have interesting nutritional properties through their protein, vitamin and mineral contents. However, environmental conditions such as soil water availability during plant growth influence both final yield and seed quality in pea. Soil water conditions not only modulates pea nitrogen acquisition whatever the mode of nitrogen nutrition: mineral nitrogen acquisition by roots and atmospheric di-nitrogen fixation by nodules in interaction with rhizobia, but also the overall plant mineral nutrition. The aim of this study is to get a better understanding of soil water deficit impact on nutrient acquisition, storage and distribution inside the plant according to the mo…

Interplay between sulfur nutrition and water stress tolerance in pea : a focus on seed development and composition

International audience; Water stress and sulfur-deficiency are two constraints increasingly faced by crops due to climate change and low-input practices. To investigate their interplay in the grain legume pea (Pisum sativum L.), sulfate was depleted at mid-vegetative stage and a moderate 9-day water stress period was imposed during the early reproductive phase. The combined stress accelerated seed production, lowering yield, one-seed weight and seed number per plant, but rebalanced seed globulin composition. In fact, the moderate water stress mitigated the negative effect of sulfur-deficiency on the accumulation of sulfur-rich globulins in seeds, probably due to a lower seed sink strength f…

Effets de stress hydriques simples et répétés sur les réponses racinaires du pois

National audience

Exploring architectural traits and ecophysiological responses in soybean under heat and water stress: implications for climate change adaptation

In the context of climate change, characterized by increasingly frequent droughts and heat waves, it is anticipated that the global soybean yields, the most extensively grown legume, will experience a significant decline in the foreseeable future.. There is thus an urgent need to improve its ability to maintain growth and productivity under such conditions. The objective of this study was to explore which plant traits make soybeans more resilient to heat and/or water stress, with a focus on plant architecture. For this purpose, two soybean genotypes, already shown to have contrasted root architecture (Maslard et al., 2021) were grown under controlledconditions in the high-throughput phenoty…

ça bouillone dans nos assiettes. Reportage France 3 Bourgogne Franche Comté. 52mn

Que mangerons-nous, que mangeront nos enfants demain ? Le contenu de nos assiettes ne cesse d'évoluer. Pour beaucoup, la viande n'est plus consommée tous les jours, ce n'est plus l'aliment central du repas. Qu'impliquent ces changements de menu ? Sont-ils motivés par le souci de mieux manger, d'être en meilleure santé ou imposés par des budgets de plus en plus serrés ? Enquêtes de région va cuisiner l'avenir.

Aide à la sélection : nouvelles méthodes de phénotypage

National audience

Le système racinaire nodulé du pois : un rôle pivot pour sa stabilité sous contraintes hydriques fluctuantes

National audience; Dans le contexte du changement climatique, des épisodes de stress hydrique plus fréquents sont attendus, entraînant des modifications de nutrition, de croissance des plantes, et donc des pertes de rendements. Chez les plantes légumineuses, telles que le pois protéagineux, un stress hydrique du sol diminue drastiquement l’acquisition de l’azote (N) par la fixation symbiotique du N2 atmosphérique, conduisant à une carence azotée de la plante et pouvant diminuer le rendement de 30 à 60% suivant les variétés. Il apparait donc nécessaire de sélectionner des génotypes de pois mieux adaptés à la sécheresse. Dans cette étude, les réponses architecturales, physiologiques et transc…

ILS3 highlighted nice results and challenging opportunities for innovative research on grain legume. Legume Perspective

From simple visualization to detailed understanding of plant and microbes interactions, using ‘pheno’ methods and models

International audience

Root growth and development under heat and water stresses: a comparative study determining independent and combined effects in four grain legume species

International audience; hanks to their ability to fix atmospheric dinitrogen in symbiosis with soil bacteria, grain legumes provide a sustainable way to ensure food and nutritional security. Unfortunately, these crops are highly susceptible to environmental constraints such as heat or water stresses which leads to fluctuating yields as compared to cereals. In the context of climate change, more frequent episodes of heat stress, concomitant (or not) with water stress are expected. This emphasizes the need to identify key plant traits towards a better yield stability under stressful conditions.

High-throughput phenotyping : characterizing physiological and genetic determinants of key traits of the root system

International audience

Rhizodeposition as a functional trait in legumes. Study of trade-off for plant productivity and resilience

Rhizodeposition is the release of organic carbon (C) to the soil that connects the biotic and abiotic components of the C cycle. It can promote C storage to soil but also mediates plant-microbe interactions (Jones et al., 2009). These interactions are complexes as rhizodeposition will influence the composition and functioning of microbial populations which in return are able to increase the availability of nutrients in soil and provide protection against pathogens (Sasse et al., 2018). Despite their importance for current agriculture challenges, plant-soil microbes interactions remain poorly understood due to the methodological challenge they represent and the complexity of actors and proce…

An ecological multi-Level theory of competition for resources used to analyse density-dependence effects in fruit production

International audience; Lescourret and Génard (2003) developed a multi-level theory of competition for resources applied to fruit production, considering that any collection of unit parts (cells or seeds in a fruit, fruits in an infructescence or in a tree...) can form a population and the population is subject to competition, whatever the level of organization. The principles of the theory are that the mass of each unit decreases when the number of units in the population increases and that the total mass of the population increases as the number of units increases until it reaches a maximum, after which it decreases. A three-parameter model based on that theory was used to analyse the lev…

New developments towards high throughput phenotyping studies devoted to innovative plant breeding tools

Le pois lors de stress hydriques répétés : mémoire d’éléphant ou de poisson rouge ?

International audience; Dans le contexte actuel du changement climatique où les épisodes de déficits hydriques deviennent de plus fréquents et surviennent àdifférents stades au cours du cycle, les légumineuses à graines telles que le pois voient leur rendement fortement impacté. Afin de limiter lesimpacts négatifs de stress répétés, les plantes peuvent mettre en place une « mémoire » du stress, qui induit une modification de leur réponseà des stress ultérieurs. Cette mémoire dépend de plusieurs paramètres qui vont moduler l’ampleur et la rapidité de la réponse à un secondstress. Le premier stress peut induire des modifications épigénétiques, physiologiques (e.g. fermeture des stomates) et m…