Les déterminants sociodémographiques et culturels de l’initiation de l’allaitement en France : une analyse exploratoire des données de la cohorte Elfe

National audience

Débuter la diversification alimentaire : une décision influencée par la croissance de l'enfant ?

National audience; Les pratiques d'alimentation des nourrissons sont soumises à des influences multiples. Ainsi, l'âge de début de diversification varie selon de nombreux facteurs comme les caractéristiques maternelles (tabagisme, âge, niveau d'études, corpulence, pays de naissance) ou infantiles (sexe) (Bournez et al., 2017). Nous voulions étudier si cet âge pouvait de plus dépendre de la croissance de l'enfant, et traduire ainsi une sensibilité de la mère à cet aspect du développement. Nous avons envisagé que les enfants les plus grands (ou lourds, ou corpulents) pourraient être diversifiés plus tôt que les enfants de taille « moyenne ». Les données de la cohorte ELFE (Etude Longitudinale…

Complementary food introduction and allergic diseases in childhood in the ELFE nationwide cohort

International audience

Association of Gestational Weight Gain With Adverse Maternal and Infant Outcomes

Importance: Both low and high gestational weight gain have been associated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes, but optimal gestational weight gain remains uncertain and not well defined for all prepregnancy weight ranges. Objectives: To examine the association of ranges of gestational weight gain with risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes and estimate optimal gestational weight gain ranges across prepregnancy body mass index categories. Design, setting, and participants: Individual participant-level meta-analysis using data from 196 670 participants within 25 cohort studies from Europe and North America (main study sample). Optimal gestational weight gain ranges were estimated…

Consommation d'aliments issus de l’agriculture biologique pendant la diversification alimentaire et allergies jusqu'à 5,5 ans dans la cohorte ELFE

Introduction et but de l’étude : Le rôle de la consommation d'aliments issus de l’agriculture biologique (AB) pendant la diversification alimentaire et ses associations avec les allergies ne sont pas clairement établis. La présente étude visait à déterminer : 1) si les antécédents d'allergie sont associés à la consommation d'aliments AB pendant la diversification alimentaire et 2) si la consommation d'aliments AB pendant la petite enfance est liée à l'incidence des maladies respiratoires et allergiques jusqu'à 5,5 ans.Matériel et méthodes : Des analyses ont été effectuées sur plus de 8000 enfants de la cohorte de naissance ELFE. La consommation d’aliments AB a été recueillie à l’aide d’auto…

Air Pollution Exposure During Pregnancy and Symptoms of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in Children in Europe

Background: Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy may increase attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children, but findings have been inconsistent. We aimed to study this association in a collaborative study of eight European population-based birth/child cohorts, including 29,127 mother-child pairs. Methods: Air pollution concentrations (nitrogen dioxide [NO2] and particulate matter [PM]) were estimated at the birth address by land-use regression models based on monitoring campaigns performed between 2008 and 2011. We extrapolated concentrations back in time to exact pregnancy periods. Teachers or parents assessed ADHD symptoms at 3-10 years of age. We classified …

Infant feeding practices and early growth among children of the nationwide Elfe cohort

International audience; Rapid early growth is considered as a risk factor for obesity later in life. Breastfeeding is associated with slower growth in the first months of life, but the complementary diet of non- exclusively breastfed infants remains poorly considered. Our objective was to analyze the links between infant diet during the first year and growth up to 18 months. Analyses included 8315 infants from the Elfe birth cohort. Infants were grouped into clusters using hierarchical clustering according to infant diet characteristics (breastfeeding duration, introduction of infant formula, main food groups and unmixed foods). Association between clusters and weight, height and BMI betwee…

Novel loci for childhood body mass index and shared heritability with adult cardiometabolic traits

The genetic background of childhood body mass index (BMI), and the extent to which the well-known associations of childhood BMI with adult diseases are explained by shared genetic factors, are largely unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of BMI in 61,111 children aged between 2 and 10 years. Twenty-five independent loci reached genome-wide significance in the combined discovery and replication analyses. Two of these, located nearNEDD4LandSLC45A3, have not previously been reported in relation to either childhood or adult BMI. Positive genetic correlations of childhood BMI with birth weight and adult BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure and type 2 d…

Allaitement maternel, diversification, déterminant des conduites alimentaires et conséquences sur le développement de l’enfant. Résultats de l’Étude ELFE

De nombreuses méta-analyses mettent en avant les bénéfices de l’allaitement sur la santé et le développement de l’enfant. Néanmoins, peu d’études considèrent l’alimentation du nourrisson au cours de la première année dans sa globalité, ceci alors que les pratiques d’alimentation (alimentation lactée puis diversifiée) sont liées entre elles. Ainsi, dans une première étape, nous avons cherché à caractériser l’alimentation des nourrissons en tenant compte de la durée d’allaitement ou du recours aux formules infantiles, de l’âge d’introduction et de la fréquence de consommation des différents groupes d’aliments puis des morceaux et enfin, de la consommation d’aliments infantiles et d’aliments i…

L'alimentation périnatale en France, entre normes et pratiques. Synthèse des publications de la cohorte ELFE

National audience; L'alimentation est au coeur des premières interactions avec le nourrisson. Du fait de la biologie de la grossesse et de l'allaitement, mais aussi de l'assignation traditionnelle des femmes aux tâches nourricières, la mère est de fait l'actrice de cette prime alimentation. Loin de n'être qu'une affaire de femmes, l'alimentation périnatale est aussi une préoccupation des pouvoir publics qui contribuent à son cadrage médical, normatif et à la diffusion des recommandations nutritionnelles en la matière. Dans ce contexte, comment les femmes nourrissent-elles leurs enfants? Leurs pratiques sont-elles en adéquation avec les recommandations? Comment varient-elles selon l'apparten…

Description de l’utilisation des préparations pour nourrissons dans l’étude ELFE

International audience

Consommation d’aliments issus de l’agriculture biologique pendant la diversification alimentaire et croissance jusqu’à 21 mois dans l’étude ELFE

Introduction et but de l’étude : La consommation d’aliments issus de l’agriculture biologique (AB) été associée chez l’adulte à un moindre risque de surpoids ou d’obésité, indépendamment des facteurs associés. Aucune étude n’ayant été menée sur ces associations chez le jeune enfant, l’objectif de ce travail était d’analyser le lien entre la consommation d’aliments AB pendant la diversification alimentaire et la croissance des enfants jusqu’à 2 ans. Étant donnée la règlementation sur les aliments préparés destinés aux <3 ans, la consommation d’aliments AB à cette période de la vie aura vraisemblablement un impact différent chez les consommateurs d’aliments infantiles et chez les non consomma…

Impact of maternal body mass index and gestational weight gain on pregnancy complications: an individual participant data meta-analysis of European, North American and Australian cohorts

ObjectiveTo assess the separate and combined associations of maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain with the risks of pregnancy complications and their population impact.DesignIndividual participant data meta‐analysis of 39 cohorts.SettingEurope, North America, and Oceania.Population265 270 births.MethodsInformation on maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and pregnancy complications was obtained. Multilevel binary logistic regression models were used.Main outcome measuresGestational hypertension, pre‐eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, small and large for gestational age at birth.ResultsHigher maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI and gesta…

Use of added sugar, salt and fat in the first year in France and associated factors in the ELFE cohort study

National audience; Background and Aims: To describe added sugar, salt and fat uses and their determinants during complementary feeding (CF) period in infants aged 3 to 10 months. Methods: Data are drawn from the ELFE study (Etude longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance) which included >18000 infants in 2011. A frequency food questionnaire of consumption of added sugar, salt and fat was monthly completed by the mother from the 3rd to the 10th month (N=10,649). The associations between the use of each added-ingredient and (1) socio-economic characteristics and (2) infant care and feeding practices were studied with two models (the second including the factors of the first) with multivariate …

Changes in parental smoking during pregnancy and risks of adverse birth outcomes and childhood overweight in Europe and North America

Background Fetal smoke exposure is a common and key avoidable risk factor for birth complications and seems to influence later risk of overweight. It is unclear whether this increased risk is also present if mothers smoke during the first trimester only or reduce the number of cigarettes during pregnancy, or when only fathers smoke. We aimed to assess the associations of parental smoking during pregnancy, specifically of quitting or reducing smoking and maternal and paternal smoking combined, with preterm birth, small size for gestational age, and childhood overweight. Methods and findings We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis among 229,158 families from 28 pregnancy/bir…

Infant feeding practices and early neurodevelopment

Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysis

Background Maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain may have persistent effects on offspring fat development. However, it remains unclear whether these effects differ by severity of obesity, and whether these effects are restricted to the extremes of maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain. We aimed to assess the separate and combined associations of maternal BMI and gestational weight gain with the risk of overweight/obesity throughout childhood, and their population impact. Methods and findings We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of data from 162,129 mothers and their children from 37 pregnancy and birth cohort studies from Europe, No…

Structuration sociale de l’alimentation périnatale en France. Synthèse des résultats de la cohorte Elfe

Tichit Christine, Kersuzan Claire, Dhuot Raphael, Gojard Séverine, Nicklaus Sophie, Bournez Marie, Lauzon-Guillain Blandine de, Wagner Sandra, Kadawathagedara Manik, Lioret Sandrine, Charles Marie-Aline, Thierry Xavier. Structuration sociale de l’alimentation périnatale en France. Synthèse des résultats de la cohorte Elfe. In: Revue des politiques sociales et familiales, n°129-130, 4e trimestre 2018 - 1er trimestre 2019. Dossier « Normes sociales et socialisation alimentaires ». pp. 99-107.

Fish Intake in Pregnancy and Child Growth: A Pooled Analysis of 15 European and US Birth Cohorts

Importance Maternal fish intake in pregnancy has been shown to influence fetal growth. The extent to which fish intake affects childhood growth and obesity remains unclear. Objective To examine whether fish intake in pregnancy is associated with offspring growth and the risk of childhood overweight and obesity. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, population-based birth cohort study of singleton deliveries from 1996 to 2011 in Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Massachusetts. A total of 26 184 pregnant women and their children were followed up at 2-year intervals until the age of 6 years. Exposures Consumption of fish dur…

Les déterminants socioculturels de l'allaitement en France, une analyse de la cohorte Elfe

National audience

Initiating complementary feeding: a decision influenced by the child's growth?

International audience; Background and aims: Infant feeding practices are subject to multiple influences. The age of onset of complementary feeding (CF) varies according to many factors such as maternal characteristics (smoking, age, education level, body size, country of birth) or infant characteristics (sex) (Bournez et al., 2017). The aim was to study if, in addition to these factors, age could depend on the child's growth. We have hypothesized that larger children (or heavier / more corpulent ones) would be introduced to CF earlier than "average"-sized children would. Methods: Data from the ELFE cohort (French Longitudinal Study since Childhood) made it possible to describe the age of C…

Initiation de la diversification alimentaire selon les caractéristiques des parents, de l’enfant et de la naissance. Résultats de l’étude longitudinale française Elfe (2011)

National audience; Introduction. Le Programme National Nutrition Santé (PNNS) recommande l’initiation de la diversification alimentaire entre le 5ème et le 6ème mois du nourrisson avec une introduction progressive des groupes d’aliments. Cependant, les caractéristiques de cette initiation sont mal connues en France. Notre objectif est donc de déterminer les facteurs associés à l’initiation de la diversification alimentaire. Sujets et méthodes. Les données utilisées sont issues de l’Etude longitudinale française depuis l’enfance (Elfe) , qui a inclus . Pplus de 18 000 enfants, nés dans un échantillon représentatif de maternités, ont été recrutés en 2011. Un questionnaire portant sur l’introd…

Texture matters- Food pieces and developmental milestones

Objectives and Study: While breastfeeding practices and age at complementary feeding introduction are well-recognised features of infant feeding, introduction to food texture has received little attention. Yet, timely exposure to diverse food textures could relate to later development of eating skills for proper chewing of food pieces, eating behaviour patterns and ultimately healthy growth. Moreover, the muscles involved in chewing praxis are the same as those involved in language praxis. The present study investigates the effects of introduction of food pieces on the development of gross motor skills and language expression in early life. - Methods We used data from the ELFE study (Étude …

Breastfeeding initiation and duration in France: The importance of intergenerational and previous maternal breastfeeding experiences — results from the nationwide ELFE study

International audience; OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of the mother's mother and mothers' previous personal experiences with breastfeeding and childcare in breastfeeding practices. DESIGN AND SETTING: The analysis included 13,774 mother-infant dyads from the French national birth cohort ELFE. Feeding practices were assessed by face-to-face interview in maternity wards in 2011, by phone interviews at months 2 and 12 post-partum and by Internet/paper questionnaires monthly from months 3-10. Sociodemographic, maternal and newborn-related factors were collected in the maternity unit and by postnatal phone interview at month 2. Multivariable logistic and linear regression was used to assess the …