0000000000934348
AUTHOR
Philippe Laurent
The Gamma Cube: a new way to explore the gamma-ray sky
International audience; We propose a new concept to allow the tracking of electrons in a gamma-ray telescope operating in the 5–100 MeV band. The idea of this experiment is to image the ionizing tracks that charged particles produce in a scintillator. It is a pair creation telescope at high energy and a Compton telescope with electron tracking at low energy. The telescope features a large scintillator transparent to the scintillation light, an ad-hoc optical system and a high resolution and highly sensitive imager. The performance perspectives and the advantages of such a system are outstanding but the technical difficulties are serious. A few years of research and development within the sc…
IBIS: The Imager on-board INTEGRAL
The IBIS telescope is the high angular resolution gamma-ray imager on-board the INTEGRAL Observatory, successfully launched from Baikonur (Kazakhstan) the 17th of October 2002. This medium size ESA project, planned for a 2 year mission with possible extension to 5, is devoted to the observation of the gamma-ray sky in the energy range from 3 keV to 10 MeV (Winkler 2001). The IBIS imaging system is based on two independent solid state detector arrays optimised for low ( 15-1000 keV) and high ( 0.175-10.0 MeV) energies surrounded by an active VETO System. This high efficiency shield is essential to minimise the background induced by high energy particles in the highly excentric out of van All…
The e-ASTROGAM gamma-ray space observatory for the multimessenger astronomy of the 2030s
e-ASTROGAM is a concept for a breakthrough observatory space mission carrying a gamma-ray telescope dedicated to the study of the non-thermal Universe in the photon energy range from 0.15 MeV to 3 GeV. The lower energy limit can be pushed down to energies as low as 30 keV for gamma-ray burst detection with the calorimeter. The mission is based on an advanced space-proven detector technology, with unprecedented sensitivity, angular and energy resolution, combined with remarkable polarimetric capability. Thanks to its performance in the MeV-GeV domain, substantially improving its predecessors, e-ASTROGAM will open a new window on the non-thermal Universe, making pioneering observations of the…
Monte Carlo evaluation of a CZT 3D spectrometer suitable for a Hard X- and soft-γ rays polarimetry balloon borne experiment
Today, the measurement of the polarization status of cosmic sources high-energy' emission, is recognized as a key observational parameter to understand the active production mechanism and its geometry. Therefore, a mandatory requirement for new instrumentations operating in this energ.-y range will be to provide high sensitivity for polarimetric measurements. In this framework, we have presented the concept of a small high-performance imaging spectrometer optimized for polarimetry between 100 and 600 keV suitable for a stratospheric balloon-borne payload and as a pathfinder for a future satellite mission. The detector with 3D spatial resolution is based on a CZT spectrometer in a highly seg…
INTEGRAL/SPI ground calibration
Three calibration campaigns of the spectrometer SPI have been performed before launch in order to determine the instrument characteristics, such as the effective detection area, the spectral resolution and the angular resolution. Absolute determination of the effective area has been obtained from simulations and measurements. At 1 MeV, the effective area is 65 cm^2 for a point source on the optical axis, the spectral resolution ~2.3 keV. The angular resolution is better than 2.5 deg and the source separation capability about 1 deg. Some temperature dependant parameters will require permanent in-flight calibration.
Expertise préalable à la création d’un tableau de maladie professionnelle ou à l’élaboration de recommandations aux comités régionaux dereconnaissance des maladies professionnelles Bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive en lien avec l’exposition aux pesticides
Le plan d’actions sur les produits phytopharmaceutiques publié en avril 2018 vise notamment, sur la base des recommandations formulées par l’Inspection générale des affaires sociales, l’Inspection générale des finances et le Conseil général de l’alimentation, de l’agriculture etdes espaces ruraux dans leur rapport conjoint de janvier 2018, à améliorer la prise en charge des maladies professionnelles liées aux pesticides.Dans ce cadre, les pouvoirs publics ont, par courrier en date du 24 avril 2018, saisi l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) afin d’actualiser l’expertise collective « Pesticides : effets sur la santé » parue en 2013. Cette expertise synthétise …
The Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit: a consolidated design for the system requirement review of the preliminary definition phase
The Athena X-ray Integral Unit (X-IFU) is the high resolution X-ray spectrometer, studied since 2015 for flying in the mid-30s on the Athena space X-ray Observatory, a versatile observatory designed to address the Hot and Energetic Universe science theme, selected in November 2013 by the Survey Science Committee. Based on a large format array of Transition Edge Sensors (TES), it aims to provide spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy, with a spectral resolution of 2.5 eV (up to 7 keV) over an hexagonal field of view of 5 arc minutes (equivalent diameter). The X-IFU entered its System Requirement Review (SRR) in June 2022, at about the same time when ESA called for an overall X-IFU redesign (i…
Expertise préalable à la création d’un tableau de maladie professionnelle ou à l’élaboration de recommandations aux comités régionaux de reconnaissance des maladies professionnelles. Exposition à l’amiante et cancers de l’ovaire et du larynx
L’amiante est classé en tant que substance cancérogène avérée pour l’humain (groupe 1 du Centre International de Recherche sur la Cancer (CIRC)) depuis les années 70 pour le poumon et la plèvre. La monographie sur l’amiante actualisée en 2012 indique que des preuves suffisantes sont maintenant disponibles pour démontrer le lien entre l’exposition à l’amiante et les cancers du larynx et de l'ovaire. Dans cette monographie, les cancers du pharynx, de l’estomac et les cancers colorectaux sont considérés comme possiblement liés à une exposition à l’amiante, mais avec un niveau de preuve limité.A ce jour, seuls les cancers broncho-pulmonaires provoqués par l'inhalation de poussières d'amiante [t…