ICO Crowdfunding: Incentives, Pricing Strategy, Token Strategy and Crowd Involvement

AbstractBlockchain technologies provide means to develop services that are secure, transparent and efficient by nature. Unsurprisingly, the emerging business opportunities has gained a lot of interest that is realized in form of successful Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) that are able to raise billions of USD through crowdfunding campaign. In this exploratory research we study 91 ICOs through content analysis in order to investigate the special characteristics of ICO crowdfunding as business models towards the possible investors. We found that ICOs can be described through (1) the model for providing incentives for investment, (2) the pricing strategy, (3) the token strategy and (4) the activ…

How Do Explicitly Expressed Emotions Influence Interpersonal Communication and Information Dissemination? : A Field Study of Emoji's Effects on Commenting and Retweeting on a Microblog Platform

Unprecedented intramolecular pancake bonding in a {Dy2} single-molecule magnet

The first example of unique coordination induced intramolecular pancake bonding was achieved through the reduction of two bis(pyrazolyl)-tetrazine ligands, affording [MIII2(μ-(bpytz)2)(THMD)4](M = Dy, Y; bpytz = 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazolyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine; TMHD = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate). To provide a cohesive magneto-structural correlation, the mono bis(pyrazolyl)-tetrazine bridged congener [DyIII2(μ-bpytz)(THMD)6]·4(C6H6) was also isolated. Both metal complexes exhibit single-molecule magnet behaviour under an applied dc field.

Asymmetric Ring Opening in Tetrazine‐based Ligand Affording a Tetranuclear Opto‐Magnetic Ytterbium Complex

We report the formation of a tetranuclear lanthanide cluster, [Yb 4 (bpzch) 2 (fod) 10 ] ( 1 ), which occurs from a serendipitous ring opening of the functionalized tetrazine bridging ligand, bpztz (3,6‐dipyrazin‐2‐yl‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine) upon reacting with Yb(fod) 3 (fod ‐ = 6,6,7,7,8,8,8‐heptafluoro‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐octandionate). Compound 1 was structurally elucidated via single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography and subsequently magnetically and spectroscopically characterized to analyse its magnetisation dynamics and its luminescence behaviour. Computational studies validate the observed M J energy levels attained by spectroscopy and provides a clearer picture of the slow relaxation of the ma…

Transform Farming With the Help of Social Media A Pioneering Chinese Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) Farm and Its Micro Blog USA

Empowering Migrant Workers and Labor NGOs in China : Creating a Law Searching Tool through a Design Science Approach

Effect of Vestibular Rehabilitation on Spontaneous Brain Activity in Patients With Vestibular Migraine: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Previous studies have shown that vestibular migraine (VM) is a cerebral disease with recurrent vertigo. Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) is an effective type of physical therapy for minimizing vestibular symptoms, as it improves vestibular compensation in patients with VM. Currently, the cerebral regions that are associated with the pathogenesis of VM are largely unknown. To further understand the underlying mechanisms of VM, we performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before and after 1 month of VR in 14 patients with VM. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Hamilton Anxi…

Supplemental Material - Micro-Level Mechanisms to Support Value Co-Creation for Design of Digital Services

Supplemental Material for Micro-Level Mechanisms to Support Value Co-Creation for Design of Digital Services by Tuure Tuunanen, Juuli Lumivalo, Tero Vartiainen, Yixin Zhang, and Michael M. Myers in Journal of Service Research

Micro-Level Mechanisms to Support Value Co-Creation for Design of Digital Services

This study identifies micro-level value co-creation mechanisms that support the design of digital services. As services are now becoming digital—or at least digitally enabled—how to design digital services that enable value co-creation between a service provider and customers has become an increasingly important question. Our qualitative research study provides one answer to this question. Based on 113 in-depth laddering interviews analyzed using interpretive structural modeling, our study shows that value co-creation mechanisms differ between business-to-business and customer-to-customer digital service types. We identify five mechanisms to support value co-creation in the design of digit…

What Key Aspects Do ICOs Reveal About Their Businesses?

AbstractBlockchain technologies disrupt industries by enabling decentralized and transactional data sharing across a network of untrusted participants, among others. Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) are a novel form of crowdfunding through which hundreds of blockchain-enabled businesses manage to raise billions of dollars in total only in United States. However, there is a lack of understanding of the ICO phenomenon especially related to the business aspects. In this paper, we describe the results of an exploratory study of 91 ICOs and identify the key business model elements that ICOs reveal in their websites and whitepapers. Furthermore, we also note the immaturity and lack of transparency o…

Asymmetric Ring Opening in a Tetrazine-Based Ligand Affords a Tetranuclear Opto-Magnetic Ytterbium Complex.

We report the formation of a tetranuclear lanthanide cluster, [Yb4 (bpzch)2 (fod)10 ] (1), which occurs from a serendipitous ring opening of the functionalised tetrazine bridging ligand, bpztz (3,6-dipyrazin-2-yl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine) upon reacting with Yb(fod)3 (fod- =6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octandionate). Compound 1 was structurally elucidated via single-crystal X-ray crystallography and subsequently magnetically and spectroscopically characterised to analyse its magnetisation dynamics and its luminescence behaviour. Computational studies validate the observed MJ energy levels attained by spectroscopy and provides a clearer picture of the slow relaxation of the magnetisati…

CCDC 1858840: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Related Article: Maykon A. Lemes, Niki Mavragani, Paul Richardson, Yixin Zhang, Bulat Gabidullin, Jaclyn L. Brusso, Jani O. Moilanen, Muralee Murugesu|2020|Inorg.Chem.Front.|7|2592|doi:10.1039/D0QI00365D

CCDC 1976893: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Related Article: Maykon A. Lemes, Niki Mavragani, Paul Richardson, Yixin Zhang, Bulat Gabidullin, Jaclyn L. Brusso, Jani O. Moilanen, Muralee Murugesu|2020|Inorg.Chem.Front.|7|2592|doi:10.1039/D0QI00365D

CCDC 2026744: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1858838: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Related Article: Maykon A. Lemes, Niki Mavragani, Paul Richardson, Yixin Zhang, Bulat Gabidullin, Jaclyn L. Brusso, Jani O. Moilanen, Muralee Murugesu|2020|Inorg.Chem.Front.|7|2592|doi:10.1039/D0QI00365D