0000000001004742
AUTHOR
Alessandra Bonomo
Caratterizzazione di un meccanismo trofico, mediato dal FGF-2 e dal suo recettore FGFR1, nelle cellule staminali della zona subventricolare del cervello di ratto adulto
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation increases brain derived neurotrophic factor expression in the mouse brain.
Identification of an HSF2-like factor in sea urchin embryos and its localization in primary mesenchime cells
Fibroblast growth factor-2 and its receptor expression in proliferating precursor cells of the subventricular zone in the adult rat brain
Several findings have suggested the existence in the subventricular zone (SVZ) from sagittal sections of adult rat brain of a trophic mechanism, mediated by fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and its multiple high-affinity FGF receptors (FGFRs), regulating neurogenesis mainly by controlling precursor cell proliferation. However, no clear data are available on the expression of FGF-2 and FGFRs in proliferating precursor cells of the SVZ. To address these questions we examined FGF-2 mRNA and its FGFR mRNA expression in proliferating precursor cells of the SVZ by using a double labeling procedure, combining in situ hybridization for FGF-2 and its FGFR mRNA with immunohistochemistry for bromode…
Stress response in mouse stem cells
A1 receptor-mediated modulatory effects of adenosine on the contractility in mouse ileum: characterization of signal transduction pathway
The FGF-2/FGFRs neurotrophic system promotes neurogenesis in the adult brain.
Neurogenesis occurs in two regions of the adult brain, namely, the subventricular zone (SVZ) throughout the wall of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) in hippocampal formation. Adult neurogenesis requires several neurotrophic factors to sustain and regulate the proliferation and differentiation of the adult stem cell population. In the present review, we examine the cellular and functional aspects of a trophic system mediated by fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and its receptors (FGFRs) related to neurogenesis in the SVZ and SGZ of the adult rat brain. In the SVZ, FGF-2 is expressed in GFAP-positive cells of SVZ but is not present in proliferati…
Characterization of a trophic mechanism mediated by FGF-2 and its receptor FGFR1 expressed in the precursor cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ) in the adult rat brain.
Resveratrol reduces oxidative stress and cell death and increases mitochondrial antioxidants and XIAP in PC6.3-cells.
Resveratrol, a polyphenol derived e.g. from red grapes, has been shown to mediate several positive biological actions such as protection of cells against oxidative stress. It can also influence cell signaling, but the mechanisms behind its antioxidant properties are largely unknown. Here we show that RSV reduces oxidative stress and enhances cell survival in PC6.3 cells depending on the concentration. In these cells, RSV increased the levels of antioxidants, SOD2 and TRX2, and of X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. RSV also activated NFκB signaling as shown using luciferase reporter constructs. These findings show that RSV regulates oxidative stress and mitochondrial antioxi…
Neurotrophic systems promoting neurogenesis in the adult rat brain
METABOTROPHIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS (MGLUR1/5 AND MGLUR2/3) ACTIVATION BY AGONISTS TREATMENT INCREASES FGF-2 AND BDNF IN RAT AND MOUSE BRAIN AND INDUCES NEUROPROTECTION
A1 receptors mediate adenosine inhibitory effects in mouse ileum via activation of potassium channels.
Abstract Aims We investigated the effects induced by exogenous adenosine on the spontaneous contractile activity of the longitudinal muscle of a mouse ileum, the receptor subtypes activated, the involvement of enteric nerves and whether opening of K + channels was a downstream event leading to the observed effects. Main methods Mechanical responses of the mouse ileal longitudinal muscle to adenosine were examined in vitro as changes in isometric tension. Key findings Adenosine caused a concentration-dependent reduction of the spontaneous contraction amplitude of the ileal longitudinal muscle up to its complete disappearance. This effect induced was markedly reduced by an A 1 receptor antago…
Different connexin genes are expressed in early and late phases of the regenerating process in adult skeletal muscles
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation by agonist LY379268 treatment increases the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor in the mouse brain
A number of in vitro and in vivo studies using selective agonists have indicated a neuroprotective role for group-II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu2/3) receptors in various models of neuronal injury. Although an interplay among neurotrophic factors and mGlu2/3 receptors signalling system has been suggested as possible mechanism involved on neuroprotection, at present poor information are available concerning the in vivo regulation by mGlu2/3 receptors activation of specific neurotrophic factors. By using in situ hybridization and western blotting methods the aim of present study was to analyse the potential regulatory role of selective mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 treatment on brain derived neur…
Pharmacological activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors enhances the production of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the mouse brain.
Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Activation Enhances the Production of Glial cell line-derived Neurotrophic Factor In the Mouse Brain
Nicotine-induced fibroblast growth factor-2 restores the age-related decline of precursor cell proliferation in the subventricular zone of rat brain.
Precursor cell proliferation is present in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of adult rat and persists during aging although at reduced levels. Previous studies have shown that acute intermittent nicotine treatment significantly increases fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression in several brain regions of aged rats. The aim of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that nicotine-induced expression of FGF-2 may restore the age-related decline of precursor cell proliferation. It was first demonstrated that nicotine treatment increases both mRNA and protein FGF-2 in the SVZ of aged …
"A1 receptors mediate the inhibitory effects of adenosine on the contractility in mouse ileum.”
Attivazione dei recettori metabotropici per il Glutamato mGluR2/3 e regolazione dell'espressione del BDNF e NGF nel cervello di topo
Transgenic expression and activation of PGC-1α protect dopaminergic neurons in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress occur in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling these events. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator that is a master regulator of oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolism. We show here that transgenic mice overexpressing PGC-1α in dopaminergic neurons are resistant against cell degeneration induced by the neurotoxin MPTP. The increase in neuronal viability was accompanied by elevated levels of mitochondrial antioxidants SOD2 and Trx2 in the substantia nigra of transgenic mice. PGC-1α overexpression also protected against MP…
Distinct pattern of Connexin gene expression during skeletal muscle regeneration in the adult rat.
Aim: The aim of present work was to test the hypothesis that Cx37, Cx39, Cx40, Cx43 and Cx45 expression could be regulated in adult regenerating skeletal muscle in response to injury promoting activation of satellite cells involved in myofibers repair and regeneration. Methods: Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry procedures we examined the spatial and temporal expression pattern of above listed connexins in the regenerating gastrocnemious muscle following a mechanical injury. Results: Cx43 and Cx45 mRNA were up-regulated very early, by 3 hour following muscle injury, and were localised in satellite cells, M-cadherin positive cells, distributed around the area of lesion. Thr…