0000000001044726
AUTHOR
Jaakko Mastomäki
Superconducting tunnel junctions and nanorefrigeration using InAs nanowires
Työssä selvitettiin menetelmää suprajohtavien kontaktien liittämiseksi ohuen eristekerroksen avulla vahvasti n-seostettuun puolijohtavaan InAs-nanolankaan. Lisäksi tutkittiin näin luotujen tunneliliitosten soveltamista nanolankojen elektronisen lämpötilan mittaukseen ja sen jäähdyttämiseen. Nanolangat oli kasvatettu epitaksiaalisesti kultananopartikkeleiden katalysoimina, ja suprajohtavat kontaktit valmistettiin niiden päälle käyttäen tavanomaisia mikrovalmistusmenetelmiä, elektronisuihkulitografiaa ja -höyrystystystä. Aluksi langan päälle höyrystettiin ohut kerros titaania ja paksumpi kerros alumiinimangaania, joka oksidoitiin in situ eristekerroksen luomiseksi, ja lopuksi lisättiin supraj…
Nanofabrication on 2D and 3D Topography via Positive‐Tone Direct‐Write Laser Lithography
Direct laser writing (DLW) lithography using two‐photon absorption is a powerful technique mostly used for fabrication of complex structures in micro‐ and nanoscale, by photopolymerizing a negative‐tone resist. In contrast, in this study it is demonstrated that DLW is also well suited for fabricating nano‐ to microscale metallic structures using lift‐off and a positive‐tone photoresist. It is shown first that versatile, fast and large area fabrication is possible on flat two‐dimensional insulating substrates, and an expression for how the line width varies with the scanning speed is derived, with excellent agreement with the experiments. Even more interestingly, a unique application for the…
InAs nanowire superconducting tunnel junctions: spectroscopy, thermometry and nanorefrigeration
We demonstrate an original method -- based on controlled oxidation -- to create high-quality tunnel junctions between superconducting Al reservoirs and InAs semiconductor nanowires. We show clean tunnel characteristics with a current suppression by over $4$ orders of magnitude for a junction bias well below the Al gap $\Delta_0 \approx 200\,\mu {\rm eV}$. The experimental data are in close agreement with the BCS theoretical expectations of a superconducting tunnel junction. The studied devices combine small-scale tunnel contacts working as thermometers as well as larger electrodes that provide a proof-of-principle active {\em cooling} of the electron distribution in the nanowire. A peak ref…