0000000001158912
AUTHOR
Andrés Artal-tur
International migration, remittances, and the human capital formation of Egyptian children
We study the roles that migration and remittances play in the human capital formation of children in Egypt. Our estimations reveal a significant association between remittances and human capital formation: the higher the probability of receipt of remittances, the higher the probability of school enrollment, and the older the age at which children enter the labor force. Although, with regard to the likelihood of school enrollment and the age of the first participation in the labor force, the family disruption effect of migration dominates the income effect of remittances, the likelihood of labor force participation decreases even in households from which both parents migrated.
Examining the impact of visa restrictions on international tourist flows using panel data: Un análisis con datos de panel
Using newly panel data on visa restrictions for the years 2000 and 2010 in a theory-grounded gravity model, we find a robust, causal negative impact of visa restrictions on international tourist flows. By destination, the detrimental impact of this type of barrier is observed for tourists going to developing countries (with the exception of East and South Asia), but not for those to developed ones. By country of origin of tourists, the impact of visa restrictions appears to be the same for tourists coming from developed and developing countries. These findings have important consequences in policy terms for tourism management at a regional level.
Immigrants’ Networks, Distance, and Trade Creation Effects: An Study Employing Province-Level Data for Italy, Spain and Portugal
Neoclassical trade theory assumed international flows of goods (commodities) to be substituting for people (factor) flows under certain circumstances. However, recent empirical evidence shows a complementary relationship between these two types of flows, with migration creating new trade exchanges. Immigrants tend to form networks across borders, reducing fixed trade costs. They also retain some preference for their home-produced goods. These two channels provide the rationale of the immigration trade-enhancing linkage. In this study we investigate that issue for the cases of Italy, Spain and Portugal, employing province-level data for the period 2002–2010. Results show that the first chann…
The Determinants of Migrants’ Remittance Inflows in the MENA Region: A Macroeconomic Approach
Macroeconomic studies on the determinants of remittance flows have traditionally reviewed the role that economic conditions of host and home countries of migrants play in this process. New contributions have enlarged that setting by dealing with socio-political (demographics, institutions) and individual (education) dimensions influencing migrants’ behaviour when they remit money back home. In this investigation, we test for the role of all these variables in a general framework when analysing the case of the MENA (Middle East and North of Africa) region. Results indicate that the state of the business cycle, the characteristics of households (fertility, income per capita), and those of the…
REMITTANCES IMPACTS ON SCHOOLING IN JORDAN: ANALYSES WITH RESPECT TO MIGRANT DESTINATION
The two channels that explain how migration of a household member affects human capital formation of those left-behind are income and family disruption effects. In this study, remittances and migration impacts on human capital formation in Jordan is researched with respect to preferred migrant destinations and to the originating governorates of migrants. Jordan’s Labour Market Panel Survey-2010 is used to carry out the analyses. Remittances are found to have a positive impact on “schooling”, and findings do not change significantly across households with respect to the host country. There is no solid evidence of family disruption, except in households where both parents are absent; however,…
A new marketing mix model to rescue the hospitality industry: Evidence from Egypt after the Arab Spring
After January 25th 2011 Egypt witnessed political, economic and social instability leading to drastic consequences in the hospitality and tourism industry. Thus unstable situation reflected on the deteriorated occupancy percentages that led to declined profit margins, higher employee layoffs and degraded quality of product and services. The objectives of this research is to examine how the Egyptian hospitality properties manage this dilemma through their marketing practices, and to propose a new marketing mix model that adds new layers of depth to the traditional marketing mix model. A methodological framework was designed to help in the assessment process of management practices pertaining…
Factor productivity differences and missing trade problems in a regional HOV model
Recent empirical papers testing the performance of the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek (HOV) model suggest the need to relax its restrictive assumptions in order to reconcile the theory with the data. This paper examines whether introducing factor productivity differences could help to improve the performance of the HOV model in a regional setting. Using a new dataset of 17 Spanish regions and three different HOV specifications, this paper seeks the existence of Hicks-neutral (HN) or factor-augmenting industry-neutral (FAIN) technological differences. The data support the existence of HN technological differences, which contributes to a remarkable improvement of the regional HOV performance since the…
El impacto de la política de visados sobre los flujos internacionales de turistas: Un análisis con datos de panel
Using newly panel data on visa restrictions for the years 2000 and 2010 in a theory-grounded gravity model, we find a robust, causal negative impact of visa restrictions on international tourist flows. By destination, the detrimental impact of this type of barrier is observed for tourists going to developing countries (with the exception of East and South Asia), but not for those to developed ones. By country of origin of tourists, the impact of visa restrictions appears to be the same for tourists coming from developed and developing countries. These findings have important consequences in policy terms for tourism management at a regional level.
The trade-enhancing effect of immigration networks: New evidence on the role of geographic proximity
Abstract We use migration-trade data from Italian, Portuguese and Spanish provinces to examine the importance of geographic proximity in the effectiveness of ethnic networks on bilateral trade. Empirical findings from the gravity model show that the migration-trade link is clearly in-province: exports from a province to a country do not receive any stimuli from immigrants from this country living outside of the province, once we control for country–province time-invariant fixed effects.
The factor content of regional bilateral trade: The role of technology and demand
Abstract The Heckscher–Ohlin–Vanek (HOV) model in its strict form has been strongly rejected by the data. Relaxing some assumptions of the standard HOV model is key to find improvements in its performance. We apply the Davis and Weinstein (2001) methodology to analyse the validity of the HOV model using regions rather than countries. Surprisingly, our results using data for 17 Spanish regions are similar to theirs with international data for OECD countries. Accounting for technological differences improves the predictive capacity of the factor proportions model and including trade costs and geography reduces significantly the missing trade problem. However, relaxing the assumption of factor…