caracterization of a 4.6 kb upstream region necessary for the specific alfa2 neural tubulin gene expression in p. lividus embryos

Plp38MAPK activity in embryogenesis, morphogenesis and stress response: an indicator of perfect health?

P38 conveys a variety of signals, including conventional growth, migratory and death signals, as well as responding to environmental and mechanical stimuli. These signals induce phosphorylation of p38, which triggers both its translocation to the nucleus and the activation of its catalytic function. In Paracentrotus lividus we have shown that for a correct cilia re-generation the p38 activation is essential; we also showed, by time course Western blotting, two activation peaks during development (morula and early gastrula stages) with a precise localization of activated p38 in micromere and micromere derived cells (Nichel treatment higlighted this feature), and in the oral apical region. Th…

P38 MAPK expression during development and in stress response in sea urchin embryo

P38 MAPK plays a key role in skeletogenesis of Paracentrotus lividus embryo

Effect of cadmium on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells

We demonstrated that treatment of estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells with 5 M Cd for 96h resulted in an about 50% reduction of cell number

Cis regulation analysis of the sea urchin neural tubulin gene PlT¬alpha2

EGTA treatment causes the synthesis of heat shock proteins in sea urchin embryos.

Paracentrotus lividus embryos, at post-blastular stage, when subjected to a rise in temperature from physiologic (20 degrees C) to 31 degrees C, synthesize a large group of heat shock proteins (hsps), and show a severe inhibition of bulk protein synthesis. We show, by mono- and two-dimensional electrophoresis, that also EGTA (ethylene glycol-bis[beta-aminoethyl ether] tetraacetic acid) treatment induces in sea urchin embryos both marked inhibition of bulk protein synthesis and the synthesis of the entire set of hsps. Furthermore, EGTA-treated sea urchin embryos are able to survive at a temperature otherwise lethal (35 degrees C) becoming thermotolerant. Because incubation with a different c…

Sea urchin neural genes PlTalfa2 and PlTbeta3: gene transfer analysis.

identificazione del modulo di regolazione spaziale del gene talfa2 in paracentrotus lividus

Implication of p38 MAPK in skeletogenesis of Paracentrotus lividus embryo

Deciliation: A stressful event for Paracentrotus lividus embryos.

In this report, by using mono- and two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis, we demonstrate that deciliation on sea urchin embryos induces a stress response. Deciliation indeed causes not only the activation of ciliary subroutine, but also a transient decrease of bulk protein synthesis. This decrease is in agreement with our previous results on heat shock response in sea urchin, although deciliation does not induce the expression of the same main hsp set. We were able to characterize one main deciliation-stress protein of 40 kDa whose expression is transiently induced by deciliation and whose localisation is likely to be nuclear.

Sea urchin neural genes PlTalpha2 and PlT beta 3: gene tranfer analysis

Chromatographic Characterization of Soluble Collagen in Sea Urchin Embryos (Paracentrotus Lividus)

Different Kind of stress activate differnt isoforms of p38MAPK in sea urchin embryos

Sea Urchin neural gene PlTalfa2 and PlTbeta 3: gene transfer analysis

p38 MAPK activity during sea urchin embryo development (Paracentrotus lividus)

Effect of cadmium on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells

Sea urchin deciliation induces thermoresistance and activates the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.

In this study, we demonstrate by a variety of approaches (ie, morphological analysis, Western blots, immunolocalization, and the use of specific antibodies) that hyperosmotic deciliation stress of sea urchin embryos induces a thermotolerant response. Deciliation is also able to activate a phosphorylation signaling cascade the effector of which might be the p38 stress-activated protein kinase because we found that the administration of the p38 inhibitor SB203580 to sea urchin deciliated gastrula embryos makes the hyperosmotic deciliation stress lethal.

A negative cis-regulatory module restrict Talpha2 tubulin gene expression in the neural territory of the sea urchin embryo.

Geni neurali di Tubulina, PlTalfa2 a PlTbeta 3: studio dei promotori.

A survey on tubulin and arginine methyltransferase families sheds light on p. lividus embryo as model system for antiproliferative drug development

Tubulins and microtubules (MTs) represent targets for taxane-based chemotherapy. To date, several lines of evidence suggest that effectiveness of compounds binding tubulin often relies on different post-translational modifications on tubulins. Among them, methylation was recently associated to drug resistance mechanisms impairing taxanes binding. The sea urchin is recognized as a research model in several fields including fertilization, embryo development and toxicology. To date, some &alpha

Caracterization of a 4.6 Kb upstream region necessary for the specific a2 neural tubulin gene expression in P. lividus embryos.

Neural gene transcriptional regulation in sea urchin

EFFECT OF CADMIUM ON IMMORTALIZED AND NEOPLASTIC EPITHELIAL CELLS OF THE HUMAN BREAST

A NEGATIVE CIS-REGULATORY MODULE INDUCES THE PARACENTROTUS LIVIDUS Talpha2 GENE EXPRESSION IN NEUROGENIC TERRITORY OF THE EMBRYO

Cadmium effect on gene expression by MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells: evidence for down-regulation of AEG-1

p38 MAPK in cadmium-treated MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells

I geni neurali di tubulina nello sviluppo di P. lividus

Cadmium effects on p38/MAPK isoforms in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells

Emerging evidence seems to indicate that the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is able to regulate gene expression, drastically affecting the pattern of transcriptional activity in normal and pathological eukaryotic cells, also affecting intracellular signalization events. Human p38 is a family of mitogen-activated protein kinases consisting of four isoforms (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) which mediate signal transduction cascades controlling several aspects of cell physiology. In this study we examined whether exposure of MDA-MB231 tumor cells from the human breast to Cd may exert some effect on p38 isoform expression and accumulation, as well as on p38 activation. Employing a combination of prolif…

Analisi funzionale del promotore del gene Talfa2 in Paracentrotus lividus.

Different kind of stress activate different isoforms of p38 MAPK in sea urchin embryos

Different micrococcal nuclease cleavage patterns characterize transcriptionally active and inactive sea-urchin histone genes.

Micrococcal nuclease (MNase) and DNaseI have made a great contribution to our present understanding of the structural organization of the eucaryotic genome [l - 31. The enhanced sensitivity of active portions of the genome to DNaseI gave, in fact, the first indication of differences in the nucleoproteic arrangement of the transcribed as compared to the silent DNA regions [4]. The use of MNase, as a probe of the chromatin organization of specific genes in the active and inactive state, provided additional evidence for this and further showed that the packing of several coding segments of DNA in a regular array of nucleosomal particles is severely but reversibly affected by the transcriptiona…

Sea urchin neural alpha 2 tubulin gene: isolation and promoter analysis

Abstract Expression of Tα2 gene, during sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus development, is spatially and temporally regulated. In order to characterize this gene, we isolated the relevant genomic sequences and scanned the isolated 5 ′ -flanking region in searching for cis -regulatory elements required for proper expression. Gel mobility shift and footprinting assays, as well as reporter gene (CAT and β-gal) expression assays, were used to address cis -regulatory elements involved in regulation. Here we report that an upstream 5 ′ -flanking fragment of PlTα2 gene drives temporal expression of reporter genes congruent with that of endogenous Tα2 gene. The fragment contains cis -elements able to…

Isoforme specifiche di p38 implicate nella termotolleranza e nella risposta a differenti stress nell'embrione di riccio di mare

Expression analysis and chromatin dynamics of tubulin PlT-alpha2 gene in Paracentrotus lividus.

Hsp40 Is Involved in Cilia Regeneration in Sea Urchin Embryos

In a previous paper we demonstrated that, in Paracentrotus lividus embryos, deciliation represents a specific kind of stress that induces an increase in the levels of an acidic protein of about 40 kD (p40). Here we report that deciliation also induces an increase in Hsp40 chaperone levels and enhancement of its ectodermal localization. We suggest that Hsp40 might play a chaperoning role in cilia regeneration.