0000000001329992
AUTHOR
Hans Henrik Bruun
Disjunct populations of European vascular plant species keep the same climatic niches
Aim Previous research on how climatic niches vary across species ranges has focused on a limited number of species, mostly invasive, and has not, to date, been very conclusive. Here we assess the d ...
Benchmarking plant diversity of Palaearctic grasslands and other open habitats
© 2021 The Authors.
Ecological Indicator Values for Europe (EIVE) 1.0
Aims: To develop a consistent ecological indicator value system for Europe for five of the main plant niche dimensions: soil moisture (M), soil nitrogen (N), soil reaction (R), light (L) and temperature (T). Study area: Europe (and closely adjacent regions). Methods: We identified 31 indicator value systems for vascular plants in Europe that contained assessments on at least one of the five aforementioned niche dimensions. We rescaled the indicator values of each dimension to a continuous scale, in which 0 represents the minimum and 10 the maximum value present in Europe. Taxon names were harmonised to the Euro+Med Plantbase. For each of the five dimensions, we calculated European values fo…
First Fennoscandian record of the gall midge Janetiella glechomae Tavares, 1930 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Janetiella glechomae (Tavares, 1930) -äkämäsääski ilmoitetaan ensimmäisen kerran Suomesta. Havainto on samalla koko Fennoskandian alueelle uusi. Havainnon ja määrityksen teki tanskalainen tutkija, tohtori Hans Henrik Bruun, 18.6.2016 ollessaan vierailemassa vastaväittäjänä Jyväskylän yliopistossa. Varsinainen havaintopaikka sijaitsee ES: Joutsan Taka-Ikolassa. Habitaatti on reheväkasvuinen ja ruohoinen laidun, jolla ei juuri lajin löytö- hetkellä ollut karjaa. Janetiella glechomae elää vain maahumalalla (Glechoma hederacea). Lajin toukat aiheuttavat äkämän maahumalan kypsyvään lohkohedelmään. Yhden tai kahden toukan asuttama yksittäinen lohko (merikarppi) paisuu voimakkaasti ja äkämä ulottu…
Dimensions of invasiveness: Links between local abundance, geographic range size, and habitat breadth in Europe's alien and native floras.
Understanding drivers of success for alien species can inform on potential future invasions. Recent conceptual advances highlight that species may achieve invasiveness via performance along at least three distinct dimensions: 1) local abundance, 2) geographic range size, and 3) habitat breadth in naturalized distributions. Associations among these dimensions and the factors that determine success in each have yet to be assessed at large geographic scales. Here, we combine data from over one million vegetation plots covering the extent of Europe and its habitat diversity with databases on species' distributions, traits, and historical origins to provide a comprehensive assessment of invasive…
Local temperatures inferred from plant communities suggest strong spatial buffering of climate warming across Northern Europe
Recent studies from mountainous areas of small spatial extent (2500 km(2) ) suggest that fine-grained thermal variability over tens or hundreds of metres exceeds much of the climate warming expected for the coming decades. Such variability in temperature provides buffering to mitigate climate-change impacts. Is this local spatial buffering restricted to topographically complex terrains? To answer this, we here study fine-grained thermal variability across a 2500-km wide latitudinal gradient in Northern Europe encompassing a large array of topographic complexities. We first combined plant community data, Ellenberg temperature indicator values, locally measured temperatures (LmT) and globally…
GrassPlot – a database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands
GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). GrassPlot collects plot records (relevés) from grasslands and other open habitats of the Palaearctic biogeographic realm. It focuses on precisely delimited plots of eight standard grain sizes (0.0001; 0.001; ... 1,000 m²) and on nested-plot series with at least four different grain sizes. The usage of GrassPlot is regulated through Bylaws that intend to balance the interests of data contributors and data users. The current version (v. 1.00) contains data for approximately 170,000 plots of different sizes a…
Grasslands of Northern Europe and the Baltic States
This chapter deals with the grasslands of Northern Europe (Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden) and the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania), with a focus on natural and semi-natural grasslands of the lowlands, thus treating arctic-alpine and strongly intensified types only marginally. At present, grasslands cover ca. 7% of the study region, half of which are natural grasslands (mostly arctic-alpine, to a smaller extent also azonal and extra-zonal) and the other half secondary grasslands created by human land use (livestock grazing or haymaking). Both grassland categories have high importance for biodiversity in many taxa. However, particularly the secondary grass…
The role of demography, intra-species variation, and species distribution models in species' projections under climate change
Organisms are projected to shift their distribution ranges under climate change. The typical way to assess range shifts is by species distribution models (SDMs), which predict species’ responses to climate based solely on projected climatic suitability. However, life history traits can impact species’ responses to shifting habitat suitability. Additionally, it remains unclear if differences in vital rates across populations within a species can offset or exacerbate the effects of predicted changes in climatic suitability on population viability. In order to obtain a fuller understanding of the response of one species to projected climatic changes, we coupled demographic processes with predi…
Citizens may boost primary biodiversity knowledge - insights from the Danish fungal Atlas
The Danish Fungal Atlas ran from 2009-13 and contributed with almost 250.000 records of fruit-body forming Basidiomycota (macrofungi) mainly submitted by volunteer citizen scientists. The data has been utilized in several research and conservation projects, but here we explore how the project contributed to the primary understanding of fungal biodiversity in Denmark. During the project, 197 species were recorded as new to Denmark, extending the national species list considerably. At least 15 of these appeared to be new to science. An even higher number of species previously recorded in Denmark, were however not reported in the project period, indicating a potential significant species turno…