6533b7d2fe1ef96bd125f5f8
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Endoplasmic reticulum‐resident chaperones modulate the inflammatory and angiogenic responses of endothelial cells
Roman TsarykClaudia HeilmannN.m. BartholomäN. SimiantonakiKirsten PetersFelicitas PrölsLaura AnspachCharles James Kirkpatricksubject
Chronic woundChemokineAngiogenesisDown-RegulationNeovascularization PhysiologicInflammationDermatologyEndoplasmic ReticulumProinflammatory cytokinemedicineHumansEndoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiPCells CulturedHeat-Shock ProteinsInflammationWound HealingMembrane GlycoproteinsbiologyTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaEndoplasmic reticulumEndothelial CellsMembrane ProteinsHSP40 Heat-Shock ProteinsCell biologyChaperone (protein)Chronic Diseasebiology.proteinmedicine.symptomWound healingMolecular Chaperonesdescription
SummaryBackground Wound healing depends on a well-balanced regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis. In chronic wounds the healing process is disturbed and inflammation persists. Regulation of wound closure is controlled by transmembrane and extracellular proteins, the folding and maturation of which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by ER-resident chaperone machinery. Objectives To study the role of the ER-resident chaperones BiP/Grp78, its cochaperone Mdg1/ERdJ4, and Grp94 in chronic, nonhealing wounds. Methods Immunohistochemical staining of these chaperones in individual human biopsies and investigation of the possible role of BiP and Mdg1 in endothelial cells, focusing on their inflammatory response and angiogenic potential. Results In all chronic wounds investigated, the levels of these ER-resident chaperones were elevated in endothelial cells and leucocytes. The proangiogenic role of BiP has been shown in tumour growth studies before and was confirmed in this study. Proangiogenic activity of the cochaperone Mdg1 has been postulated before but could not be confirmed in this study. The chemokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α was shown to trigger the presentation of proinflammatory adhesion molecules and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Here we show that TNF-α does not affect endogenous chaperone levels, but that the ER-resident chaperones BiP and Mdg1 modulate the cellular TNF-α-induced proinflammatory response. Conclusions According to the presented data we assume that in chronic wounds upregulated levels of ER-resident chaperones might contribute to persistent inflammation in chronic wounds. Therapies to downregulate chaperone levels might provide a tool that switches the imbalanced chronic wound microenvironment from inflammation to healing.
year | journal | country | edition | language |
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2015-06-12 | British Journal of Dermatology |