Caffeine and cardiovascular diseases: critical review of current research.

6533b829fe1ef96bd128af9e

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Caffeine and cardiovascular diseases: critical review of current research.

Alan Hayes Yoshio Uehara Peter Kubatka Jan Klimas Giampiero La Rocca Angela Zagatina Miroslav Souček Anthony Zulli Hayley Loftus Renee Melissa Smith Peter Kruzliak Tawar Qaradakhi Miroslav Pohanka Jan Novak Nazarii Kobyliak

subject

Drug Settore BIO/17 - Istologia media_common.quotation_subject medicine.medical_treatment Population Medicine (miscellaneous)030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Coffee Toxicology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Meta-Analysis as Topic Environmental health Caffeine medicine Animals Humans education media_common Metabolic Syndrome education.field_of_study Nutrition and Dietetics Dose-Response Relationship Drug business.industry Clinical Studies as Topic Insulin sensitivity Heart Stimulant Alertness Disease Models Animal Energy expenditure chemistry Caffeine consumption Cardiovascular diseases Caffeine Cardioprotective effects Pathogenesis Clinical studies Experimental studies Cardiovascular Diseases Blood Vessels Caffeine business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery

description

Caffeine is a most widely consumed physiological stimulant worldwide, which is consumed via natural sources, such as coffee and tea, and now marketed sources such as energy drinks and other dietary supplements. This wide use has led to concerns regarding the safety of caffeine and its proposed beneficial role in alertness, performance and energy expenditure and side effects in the cardiovascular system. The question remains "Which dose is safe?", as the population does not appear to adhere to the strict guidelines listed on caffeine consumption. Studies in humans and animal models yield controversial results, which can be explained by population, type and dose of caffeine and low statistical power. This review will focus on comprehensive and critical review of the current literature and provide an avenue for further study.

year	journal	country	edition	language
2015-08-29	European journal of nutrition

10.1007/s00394-016-1179-z https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26932503

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