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RESEARCH PRODUCT

P-0023 Gastric Cancer in Latvia in 1980 – 2010

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ABSTRACT Introduction According to GLOBOCAN 2008 data gastric cancer currently is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer death. The objective of this study was to get comparable data on gastric cancer for 30 years period, to analyze the trends of incidence and mortality in Latvia and to compare with situation in other countries. Methods Incidence and mortality data from 1980 to 2010 in Latvia were obtained from the National Health Service. IARC (GLOBOCAN 2008) database was used for international comparisons. Incidence and mortality rates were age standardized to the World Standard Population and expressed per 100,000 population. Results There were 24,413 new gastric cancer cases diagnosed during the observed period, of which 55.1% (n=13,456) in male and 44.9% (n=10,957) in female. 57.4% (n=14,006) of new cases were registered in patients at age 60 – 80 years and 6.3% (n=1530) at age below 45 years. Most of all new cancer cases – 15.8% (n=3851) – were diagnosed in patients at age group 70 – 74 years. Out of all new gastric cancer cases 5.2% (n=1268) were diagnosed in stage I, 13.9% (n=3402) in stage II, 26.9% (n=6579) at stage III, and 38.9% (n=9493) at stage IV (no information regarding stage for 15.0% (n=3671) of cases). The age-standardized incidence rate (W) of gastric cancer has decreased from 26.4 per 100,000 population in 1980 to 13.3 in 2010 (in male - from 37.4 to 20.3; in female - from 19.8 to 9.0). First year’s lethality has increased from 55.1% in 1980 to 59.2% in 2010. The overall first year’s lethality for patients in stage I was 8.0%, in stage II – 25.9%, in stage III – 48.7%, and in stage IV – 84.1%. Five year observed survival has decreased from 22.3% for patients diagnosed in 1980 to 16.8% for patients diagnosed in 2005. The overall five year observed survival for patients in stage I was 71.8%, in stage II – 42.6%, in stage III – 20.3%, and in stage IV – 4.1%. The age-standardized mortality rate (W) has decreased from 20.8 per 100 000 population in 1980 to 10.7 in 2010 (in male - from 29.3 to 16.9; in female - from 15.8 to 7.1). Conclusion While the incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer in Latvia are steady declining, the rates are considerably higher than on average in Europe or in European Union. The incidence and mortality rates based on real data are very close to or are the same as estimated rates calculated by IARC (old world standard population). While in absolute numbers the number of new cases is almost the same for both genders, the age-standardized rates shows that male are affected twice as often as females. Due to late diagnose of gastric cancer, the first year’s lethality is high with tendency to increase and the five years observed survival is low with tendency to decrease. Both improvement of early diagnostics and public health education is necessary to improve the general situation with gastric cancer in Latvia.