6533b830fe1ef96bd12972e8

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Comparison of the structure of the plasma-facing surface and tritium accumulation in beryllium tiles from JET ILW campaigns 2011-2012 and 2013-2014

T. AhlgrenM. ValentinuzziJ. H. AhnA. P. VadgamaK. M. AggarwalD. ValcarcelM. AirilaH. UranoR. AlbaneseI. UytdenhouwenL. Aho-mantilaJ. UljanovsN. AibaD. UlyattE. AlessiA. UccelloZ. Ul-abidinV. AldredD. AlegreL. KoganS. G. J. TyrrellP. A. TigwellN. TiptonA. ThorntonA. S. ThrysoeV. K. ThompsonL. ThorneM. TripskyM. TsalasM. TowndrowP. TrimbleM. TomesP. TonnerM. TokitaniP. ToliasI. TiseanuH. TojoD. TegneredD. TaylorK. A. TaylorM. TardocchiL. TaroniW. TangV. AslanyanC. -A ThompsonY. AustinR. KwiatkowskiP. ThomasL. AvotinaO. J. KwonA. ThompsonO. AsuntaL. LaguardiaJ. ThomasF. AuriemmaA. LahtinenJ. D. ThomasM. BacharisA. LaingD. TestaA. BacieroN. LamE. TholerusM. D. AxtonH. T. LambertzN. TeplovaC. AyresC. LaneD. TerranovaP. T. LangS. LanthalerG. TelescaD. BaiaoM. AriolaL. SwiderskiH. ArnichandT. SzabolicsU. KrueziH. P. SummersP. ArenaI. KsiazekJ. SvenssonN. AshikawaA. KukushkinW. StudholmeA. KunduF. SubbaS. ArshadT. Kurki-suonioA. AshS. KwakP. TamainC. TameL. AmicucciS. TalebzadehV. AmosovH. R. KoslowskiC. TaliercioG. AmbrosinoM. KoubitiT. TalaR. AmbrosinoM. KovariA. R. TalbotM. AnghelE. Kowalska-strzeciwilkT. T. SuzukiC. AngioniA. KrasilnikovB. TalE. Andersson SundenV. KrasilnikovM. SzawlowskiM. AngeloneN. KrawczykG. SzepesiM. KresinaK. KriegerL. AppelA. KrivskaC. AppelbeeP. AleynikovA. AlfierD. KogutB. AlperS. KoivurantaE. AlvesY. KominisA. AlkseevM. KoeppenM. AllinsonB. KosT. KoskelaA. WeckmannM. ReinkeA. R. WilsonD. ReiserD. RendellJ. WilliamsC. ReuxM. WilliamsS. WiesenJ. WilkinsonB. D. WhiteheadA. M. WiddowsonS. WhethamA. M. WhiteheadM. R. WheatleyS. RatynskaiaG. RaveraC. RaynerN. WalkdenM. WalkerB. WakelingC. W. F. WaldonT. VuW. W. Pires SaC. WattsT. WautersJ. WaterhouseN. W. WatkinsS. WarderR. J. WarrenE. WangN. WangR. WalkerM. WalshS. D. A. Reyes CortesS. ReynoldsS. VillariJ. VicenteE. ViezzerE. VeshchevN. VianelloG. Verona RinatiS. RanjanC. J. RapsonR. RagonaM. S. J. RainfordA. RakhaN. VoraG. RamogidaI. VoitsekhovitchP. VondracekZ. VizvaryM. VladB. ViolaA. VitinsP. VincenziI. VinyarF. VilloneK. PurahooD. EesterTh. PuetterichW. RenterghemE. RachlewM. ValovicM. RackM. MortelM. ValisaP. Vallejos OlivaresM. ReinhartJ. ReganaM. ReichN. ReidR. VerhoevenF. ReimoldC. VeronaJ. VegaJ. J. RasmussenG. VerdoolaegeK. RathodK. VasavaG. RattaT. VasilopoulouS. VaroutisS. VartanianG. J. RooijJ. VarjeG. TvalashviliD. PulleyD. ReeceM. M. TurnerA. ReedM. TurnyanskiyD. RefyD. Tskhakaya JunB. ReganI. TurnerP. TsavalasM. RebaiM. NewmanK. J. NichollsR. NeuV. S. NeverovV. NaulinM. F. F. NaveF. NespoliA. NetoI. NedzelskiG. NemtsevK. DeakinJ. DeaneF. Degli AgostiniR. DejarnacJ. L. PablosG. TemmermanG. TommasiP. VriesG. MasiA. MurariA. MuraroS. MosherD. MoultonS. MurphyR. MorenoE. DelabieJ. MorrisL. MoserF. MoroA. W. MorrisC. NobleT. NicolasE. NilssonD. NishijimaA. H. NielsenP. NielsenA. PageE. PajusteR. OtinA. OwenJ. OrszaghB. I. OswuigweD. PacellaL. W. PackerR. PaccagnellaN. PaceT. NakanoE. NardonF. NabaisR. NaishN. N. AsakuraY. S. NaT. O. GormanT. OdupitanM. T. OgawaD. NodwellK. NordlundM. NocenteI. NunesM. OberkoflerH. NordmanR. NouailletasF. ErikssonG. StubbsJ. ErikssonH. R. StraussP. StromR. El-jorfA. PereiraJ. StrachanC. G. ElsmoreR. PereiraP. StrandM. EnachescuA. StevensG. EricssonB. D. StevensA. M. EdwardsS. PamelaA. V. StephenJ. EdwardsS. PanjaM. StephenTh. EichA. EkedahlS. PalazzoV. ParailP. PappR. PaprokK. DylstN. DzysiukP. V. EdappalaJ. EdmondS. PeruzzoS. PeschanyiB. P. DuvalP. P. Pereira PugliaR. DuxC. Perez ThunG. PetravichA. PetreM. PeterkaP. PeterssonN. FawlkD. FalieA. FanniM. ParkA. FasoliJ. M. FaustinG. EvisonM. OkabayashiG. D. EwartR. OlneyD. FaganM. FaitschJ. OngenaF. OrsittoO. OmolayoG. E. EvansM. O. MullaneE. PawelecH. G. EsserD. EsteveB. EvansR. PasqualottoL. G. ErikssonA. PatelB. EspositoF. Parra DiazS. EsquembriM. ParsonsH. PattenA. PauS. PathakD. PatonT. DittmarH. DoerkR. P. DoernerT. DonneC. Di TroiaT. PowellP. DincaJ. PozziR. D. IncaG. PossnertB. DingS. PotzelD. PfefferleV. PhilippsF. Di MaioV. PetrzilkaA. Di SienaY. PeyssonM. PillonS. DevauxP. DevynckN. Den HarderO. G. PompilianR. O. DendyP. J. PoolJ. DenisP. DennerG. PrestopinoD. PriceV. PrajapatiR. PrakashM. PriceR. PriceI. DuranF. DurodieP. DuttaR. DumontP. PiovesanP. DumortierA. Pires Dos ReisD. DunaiM. DunneG. PintsukI. J. PearsonP. DrewelowS. -P PehkonenP. DrewsC. Paz SoldanPh. DuckworthA. PeackocE. PelusoC. PenotA. DrenikS. Dormido-cantoS. DoswonN. PetrellaD. DouaiP. T. DoyleF. PisanoR. PittsL. PironS. E. DorlingA. PirontiN. PomaroF. PizzoV. PlyusninC. SommarivaP. SonatoA. SopplesaJ. Galdon-quirogaJ. GallagherJ. FyvieF. SpineanuK. GalG. StablesD. GalassiP. PugliaI. StamatelatosK. GalazkaM. E. PuiattiD. FrigioneJ. SousaV. FuchsC. SozziD. FullerS. SpagnoloS. FutataniT. SpelziniJ. CaumontM. Garcia-munozK. Cave-aylandM. CavinatoF. CausaR. CavazzanaE. CecilM. FrascaA. CenedeseL. FrassinettiM. CecconelloM. FreisingerS. CeccuzziR. FresaR. CesarioT. FrankeT. FranklinI. StepanovS. GerasimovD. F. GearC. PorosnicuS. J. GeeM. PortonB. GeigerS. PopovichevM. GelfusaM. T. PorfiriJ. -L GardareinL. GarzottiP. GaudioE. GauthierL. GiacomelliC. S. GibsonB. CannasR. ProudfootA. J. CapelG. PucellaD. C. CamplingJ. CaneP. PriorP. CarmanY. GaoM. CarrJ. GarciaP. J. CardA. Garcia-carrascoA. CardinaliD. GallartD. CarraleroR. GalvaoL. CarraroX. GaoD. ChandraA. FigueiredoJ. FigueiredoC. D. ChallisA. FilM. ChandlerP. FinburgO. FevrierO. FickerA. FieldS. FietzJ. FerreiraJ. A. FesseyA. FernadesH. FernandesS. AbduallevL. FazendeiroM. AbhangiN. FedorczakP. AbreuR. C. FeltonM. AfzalK. FentonI. CarvalhoE. Fortuna-zalesnaP. CarvalhoM. FortuneLiga AvotinaS. FosterX. LitaudonB. B. CarvalhoN. CatarinoJ. M. FontdecabaA. FormisanoF. J. CassonL. ForsytheC. CastaldoL. FortunaC. FlemingK. FlindersN. FonnesuJ. FlanaganU. FischerL. FittillM. FitzgeraldD. FlamminiM. FirdaoussElina PajusteGunta KizaneIeva IgauneD. GinE. GiovannozziJ. B. GirardoC. GiroudT. GiegerichC. GilL. GilS. GilliganM. GherendiJ. C. GiacaloneG. GervasiniM. GethinsZ. GhaniM. GhateG. GiruzziV. Goloborod KoS. GloegglerJ. GodwinJ. GoffP. GohilD. J. KinnaG. KizaneK. KirovA. KirschnerV. KiptilyA. KirkA. KlixP. KnightC. KlepperG. KocsisI. KodeliT. KobuchiG. WithenshawF. KoechlA. WithycombeS. J. KnipeJ. WilsonS. KnottM. WischmeierD. J. WilsonH. R. WilsonM. KempenaarsC. KennedyT. KeenanJ. KeepV. KazantzidisD. L. KeelingD. KennyJ. KentD. KingR. F. KingA. KinchA. T. WestC. KingH. T. KimM. WeiszflogH. S. KimC. WellstoodO. N. KentJ. WeilandE. KhilkevichH. WeisenS. LesnojE. LetellierM. LeylandW. LeysenY. KazakovL. LiY. LiangA. KallenbachJ. LikonenJ. LinkeT. T. C. JonesCh. LinsmeierK. K. HoshinoB. LipschultzL. JoitaG. JonesJane JohnstonR. ClarksonK. KamiyaJ. CitrinP. LeichuerF. ClairetF. LeipoldE. ClarkI. LengarM. ClarkM. LennholmM. ChernyshovaM. KaufmanE. LercheG. ChitarinG. KaveneyA. LescinskisG. CiraoloD. KarkinskyD. CiricI. KarnowskaA. KappatouJ. KarhunenJ. KaniewskiS. C. ChapmanA. KantorK. D. LawsonC. S. ChangA. LazarosA. ChankinE. LazzaroI. T. ChapmanR. JohnsonJ. LeddyT. JohnsonS. LeeP. JacquetX. LefebvreJ. JansonsH. J. LeggateS. JachmichJ. LehmannA. S. JacobsenM. LehnenM. IrishkinD. LeichtleI. Ivanova-stanikL. ColasS. CollinsJ. LapinsD. ConkaA. LasaS. ConroyJ. R. LastS. CodaI. JepuE. LaszynskaR. CoelhoE. JoffrinR. LawlessJ. W. CoenenI. JenkinsA. LawsonI. CoffeyC. JeongF. JaulmesS. JednorogV. CoccoreseA. JardinV. CocilovoA. JarvinenP. InnocenteM. ImrisekM. IncelliT. LuceM. F. StampR. M. A. LucockP. StaniecA. LukinC. LunaM. LungaroniC. P. LunguN. ImazawaF. ImbeauxA. M. HynesD. IglesiasC. L. HunterG. StankunasP. HuynhC. Stan-sionM. J. SteadG. T. A. HuijsmansE. StefanikovaB. LomanowskiP. J. LomasJ. LonnrothJ. M. LopezJ. Lopez-razolaR. LorenziniU. LosadaJ. J. LovellA. B. LovingC. LowryG. LiuY. LiuV. P. Lo SchiavoT. LoarerA. LoarteR. C. LobelBohdan BiegR. CroweN. CruzG. CsehA. CufarD. CroftK. CrombeA. CastroE. La CalE. La LunaC. DayI. E. DayM. BockL. MoreiraS. MoradiS. MordijckP. A. CoatesA. CobaltD. ClatworthyC. ClementsM. CleverlyJ. P. CoadR. CravenF. CrisantiG. CrociA. S. CouchmanM. P. CoxT. CraciunescuS. CrampG. CorriganS. CortesD. CosterY. CorreD. CoombsD. CooperS. R. CooperC. CorradinoN. ConwayO. DaviesW. DavisP. DalglieshS. DalleyJ. DankowskiD. DarrowA. CullenM. CuruiaA. CzarneckaH. DabirikhahG. HornungA. SomersA. R. HortonD. A. HomfrayJ. HoracekA. HollingsworthM. SmithiesS. HollisL. SnojS. SoareE. R. SolanoS. P. HotchinM. R. HoughL. D. HortonL. HorvathW. HelouO. N. HemmingT. HellstenT. J. SmithS. S. HendersonT. C. HenderM. HendersonP. HertoutC. HidalgoD. HeppleG. HermonR. HenriquesD. HillisJ. HillairetJ. HillesheimE. G. HighcockM. HillJ. HarrisonD. HartingD. R. HatchT. D. V. HauptF. HasenbeckY. HatanoJ. HawkinsS. E. SharapovP. HawkinsA. ShawJ. HawesR. ShawN. C. HawkesG. SergienkoM. SertoliA. ShabbirK. HeinolaP. SirenC. HellesenA. SirinelliS. HazelP. J. L. HeestermanP. W. HaydonN. HayterM. SibbaldC. GuerardB. SieglinS. SilburnA. SilvaA. ShepherdA. ShevelevA. ShumackG. SiasL. J. HackettC. GurlC. SilvaH. H. UtohC. GuillemautR. GuirletA. HagarS. K. SipilaR. HagerA. C. C. SipsS. HacquinP. A. SimmonsJ. SimpsonJ. Simpson-hutchinsonA. SinhaC. HarringtonC. Hamlyn-harrisK. HammondS. J. HallS. P. Hallworth CookA. HakolaM. HalitovsB. SladeN. SmithP. G. SmithR. SmithH. SjostrandM. SkibaR. SkiltonK. SlabkowskaC. RusetJ. RzadkiewiczS. SaarelmaR. SabotM. RuizJ. GrzonkaD. GuardR. GroveC. N. GrundyD. GristE. SafiM. GrothM. SalewskiA. SalmiR. SalmonF. SalzedasP. SagarG. SaibeneF. Saint-laurentD. SamaddarU. SammD. SandifordB. SantosA. SantucciF. SartoriR. SartoriP. SantaM. I. K. SantalaH. SheikhV. SchmidtS. SchmuckM. SchneiderK. SchoepfO. SauterR. ScannellT. SchlummerK. SchmidD. SchworerS. D. ScottN. RichardsonK. RiddleD. RigamontiF. G. RiminiV. RiccardoS. A. RobinsonJ. RisnerM. RivaC. RoachR. J. RobinsT. RobinsonD. W. RobsonR. RoccellaR. RodionovP. RodriguesJ. RodriguezM. RomanelliS. RomanelliJ. RomazanovS. RoweV. RohdeF. RomanelliM. RubelG. RubinacciG. RubinoL. RuchkoS. McintoshR. MckeanJ. MckehonR. C. MeadowsA. MeakinsF. MedinaD. Middleton-gearJ. MiettunenF. MilitelloE. Militello-aspG. MiloshevskyF. MinkS. MinucciY. MiyoshiJ. MlynarD. MolinaM. MaslovS. MatejcikM. MatteiG. F. MatthewsF. MavigliaM. MayerM. MedlandS. MedleyS. MeighA. G. MeigsG. MeislS. MeitnerL. MenesesS. MenmuirK. MergiaI. R. MerriganI. MonakhovM. MonetiR. MooneyS. ZoletnikPh. MertensE. ZilliS. MeshchaninovV. ZoitaA. MessiaenW. ZhangH. MeyerY. ZhouS. MianowskiR. MichlingM. ZerbiniContributors JetI. ZychorB. MageshP. MagetC. MaggiP. ManasA. ManningM. E. MansoP. ManticaM. MantsinenA. ManzanaresPh. MaquetY. MarandetM. LunguA. LunnissI. LupelliA. LyssoivanN. MacdonaldP. MachetaK. MaczewaA. MasielloO. MarchukM. MarinelliM. MarinucciT. MarkovicD. MaroccoL. MarotV. HuberT. M. HuddlestonA. HubbardA. HuberP. J. HowarthM. L. MayoralT. May-smithD. MazonC. MazzottaR. McadamsP. J. MccarthyK. G. McclementsO. MccormackM. HughesP. A. MccullenD. McdonaldN. MarcenkoC. MarchettoH. MaierJ. MaillouxT. MakkonenR. MakwanaA. MalaquiasA. MaliziaJ. HobirkE. HodilleK. HizanidisA. HjalmarssonC. A. MarrenR. MarshalA. MartinY. MartinA. Martin AguileraF. J. MartinezJ. R. Martin-solisC. H. A. HogbenY. MartynovaG. M. D. HogeweijS. MaruyamaW. BroeckxM. BrombinM. D. J. BrightM. BrixM. BrownA. BroslawskiD. P. D. BrownJ. M. A. BradshawB. BreizmanM. GoskS. BremondR. GouldingV. BraicA. GoussarovR. BravanecR. GowlandM. GonicheM. GoodliffeP. D. BrennanA. GoodyearG. GoriniR. GomesB. GoncalvesN. BulmerP. BuntingH. BufferandM. BulmanM. BowdenC. BowerP. BoultingC. BourdelleC. BoydH. J. BoyerC. BowmanT. BoyceJ. BoothD. BorbaF. BonelliJ. BoomC. GrisoliaD. BorodinI. BorodkinaH. GreunerB. GriersonF. S. GriphA. BrettS. BrezinsekS. BretonP. CahynaG. CalabroJ. ByrneP. CampI. CalvoY. CamenenA. BuscarinoA. BusseP. BurattiA. BurckhartN. K. ButlerI. BykovE. BrunoJ. BucalossiM. A. BuckleyR. BudnyJ. BuchJ. BuchananB. BazylevJ. BealL. BaylorB. BeckettV. YavorskijA. BecouletM. G. YooP. S. BeaumontW. YanlingM. BeckersL. YaoK. BellT. XuD. YadikinN. BekrisM. BeldishevskiM. BassanA. ZarinsK. D. ZastrowP. BatistoniF. S. ZaitsevR. BaughanR. ZaninoR. BastowJ. ZacksA. BatistaR. ZagorskiI. D. YoungR. YoungB. BauvirC. YoungD. YoungJ. W. BanksY. F. BaranovM. BarnesR. BarnsleyM. A. BarnardD. BarnesM. BaruzzoV. BasiukA. Baron WiechecL. Barrera OrteA. WynnJ. WuS. WukitchI. BalboaJ. WrightM. BaldenJ. C. WrightS. BaileyC. WoodleyA. BakerS. WrayD. WoodR. WoodN. BalshawR. BamentD. M. WittsV. BobkovN. R. GreenA. BobocP. BlanchardP. BlatchfordI. BolshakovaM. E. GrahamT. BolzonellaJ. P. GravesG. BodnarN. GrazierO. BogarP. GrazierN. BonanomiB. GrahamA. BisoffiJ. P. S. BizarroF. BindaK. BlackmanC. BjorkasJ. BlackburnA. BotrugnoC. BottereauM. BerryL. BertalotJ. BernardoM. BernertJ. BieleckiT. BiewerC. BesliuM. BeurskensM. BigiP. BilkovaF. BelliM. BellingerN. A. BentermanH. BergsakerE. BelonohyN. Ben AyedT. R. Blackman

subject

Fuel retentionPhysics::Medical Physics01 natural sciencesQuantitative Biology::Cell Behavior010305 fluids & plasmasiter-like walljoint european torusRETENTION010302 applied physicsJet (fluid)tritiumPhysicsMechanicsSurface (topology)Fusion Plasma and Space Physicslcsh:TK9001-9401surgical procedures operativecardiovascular systemJoint European TorusTritiumBerylliumBerylliumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsretentionTechnology and Engineeringanimal structuresMaterials scienceQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Joint European Toruschemistry.chemical_elementTritium114 Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyFusion plasma och rymdfysik0103 physical sciencesddc:530ITER-LIKE-WALLITER-like walltechnology industry and agriculturePlasmaiter-like-wallberylliumTRANSPORTfuel retentionbody regionsNuclear Energy and Engineeringchemistrytransportlcsh:Nuclear engineering. Atomic power

description

In this study, beryllium tiles from Joint European Torus (JET) vacuum vessel wall were analysed and compared regarding their position in the vacuum vessel and differences in the exploitation conditions during two campaigns of ITER-Like-Wall (ILW) in 2011-2012 (ILW1) and 2013-2014 (ILW2) Tritium content in beryllium samples were assessed. Two methods were used to measure tritium content in the samples - dissolution under controlled conditions and tritium thermal desorption. Prior to desorption and dissolution experiments, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used to study structure and chemical composition of plasma-facing-surfaces of the beryllium samples. Experimental results revealed that tritium content in the samples is in range of 2.10(11)-2.10(13) tritium atoms per square centimetre of the surface area with its highest content in the samples from the outer wall of the vacuum vessel (up to 1.9.10(13) atoms/cm(2) in ILW1 campaign and 2.4.10(13) atoms/cm(2) in ILW2). The lowest content of tritium was found in the upper part of the vacuum vessel (2.0.10(12) atoms/cm(2) and 2.0.10(11) atoms/cm(2) in ILW1 and ILW2, respectively). Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy has shown that surface morphology is different within single tile, however if to compare two campaigns main tendencies remains similar. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2019.02.011

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2019-05-01
10.1016/j.nme.2019.02.011http://hdl.handle.net/10138/311995