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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Alterations of carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy. Effects on the mother and new born infant.

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Abstract Introduction Gestational diabetes is the pathology that most frequently causes medical alterations in pregnancy. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between the presence of alterations in the metabolism of carbohydrates during pregnancy and the risk of presenting adverse obstetric outcomes in the mother and the fetus. Patients and method An observational study was conducted in 799 women who had just given birth. The clinical and obstetric characteristics of the patients, as well as the data related to pregnancy and delivery, including the state of the newborn were analyzed. The information was evaluated in relation to the alterations in the carbohydrate metabolism. Results and discussion For women with gestational diabetes a 2.64 times greater risk of loss of fetal well-being and 3.14 times greater risk of requiring hospitalization during pregnancy were found. For pregnant women with carbohydrate intolerance, a 2.61 times higher risk of requiring episiotomy in vaginal delivery, 7.54 times greater risk of finding fetal well-being loss, and 2.06 times greater risk of requiring hospitalization were found. The group of carbohydrate intolerance behaved similarly to that of diabetes. Conclusions The group of intolerance to carbohydrates is a little studied group and significant obstetric alterations have been found compared to the control group and similar to those of the gestational diabetes group.