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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Direct costs of glaucoma and severity of the disease: a multinational long term study of resource utilisation in Europe
John G. WaltStefano A. GandolfiHommer AhJ P RenardLisa R. SiegartelP BuchholzF.j. GrehnNicola OrzalesiAugusto Azuara-blancoBayer ANorbert PfeifferAlain M. BronRoger A. HitchingsLaura M. KatzPhilippe DenisLuca RossettiSimon P KellySameer KotakJohn DoyleSalmon JfAlessandro BagnisCarlo NucciG. BricolaCarlo Enrico TraversoJean-philippe NordmannClaudio Cedronesubject
Maleage distributionOrganes des sensgenetic structuresOffice VisitsOcular hypertensionGlaucomaDiseaseintraocular hypertensionSeverity of Illness IndexIndirect costs0302 clinical medicineambulatory careNormal tension glaucomamiddle agedopen angle glaucoma80 and overMedicine030212 general & internal medicinepathophysiologystatistical significanceAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyadultdisease coursearticlehealth care costclinical trialHealth Care Costshealth care planningSensory Systems3. Good healthEuropeagedfemalepriority journalstatisticsHealth Resourcesdisease severityadult; aged; article; disease course; disease severity; Europe; female; follow up; general practitioner; glaucoma; health care cost; health care utilization; human; intraocular hypertension; major clinical study; male; medical record; open angle glaucoma; priority journal; statistical significance; visual field; age distribution; ambulatory care; clinical trial; drug cost; economics; health care planning; hospitalization; middle aged; multicenter study; pathophysiology; sex ratio; statistics; utilization review; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Drug Costs; Europe; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma; Health Care Costs; Health Resources; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Office Visits; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Distribution; Visual Fieldshospitalizationvisual fieldWorld Viewsmedicine.medical_specialtyOpen angle glaucomadrug costPopulationSensory OrgansMédecine humaine et pathologiemedical recordDrug Costs03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neurosciencehealth care utilizationSeverity of illnessfollow upHumanshumanSex Distribution[SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organseducationutilization reviewSettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivobusiness.industryGlaucomaeconomicssex ratiomedicine.diseasemajor clinical studyeye diseasesOphthalmologymulticenter studygeneral practitionerEmergency medicine030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometryHuman health and pathologyVisual Fieldsbusiness[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyFollow-Up Studiesdescription
International audience; Background: Resource utilisation and direct costs associated with glaucoma progression in Europe are unknown. As population progressively ages, the economic impact of the disease will increase. Methods: From a total of 1655 consecutive cases, the records of 194 patients were selected and stratified by disease severity. Record selection was based on diagnoses of primary open angle glaucoma, glaucoma suspect, ocular hypertension, or normal tension glaucoma; 5 years minimum follow up were required. Glaucoma severity was assessed using a six stage glaucoma staging system based on static threshold visual field parameters. Resource utilisation data were abstracted from the charts and unit costs were applied to estimate direct costs to the payer. Resource utilisation and estimated direct cost of treatment, per person year, were calculated. Results: A statistically significant increasing linear trend (p = 0.018) in direct cost as disease severity worsened was demonstrated. The direct cost of treatment increased by an estimated €86 for each incremental step ranging from €455 per person year for stage 0 to €969 per person year for stage 4 disease. Medication costs ranged from 42% to 56% of total direct cost for all stages of disease. Conclusions: These results demonstrate for the first time in Europe that resource utilisation and direct medical costs of glaucoma management increase with worsening disease severity. Based on these findings, managing glaucoma and effectively delaying disease progression would be expected to significantly reduce the economic burden of this disease. These data are relevant to general practitioners and healthcare administrators who have a direct influence on the distribution of resources.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005-01-01 |