6533b838fe1ef96bd12a3a4b

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Bedeutung von Assoziationsphänomenen quartärer Oniumverbindungen in der organischen Phase für den Ablauf phasentransferktalysierter Reaktionen

Joachim GerhardLeopold Horner

subject

chemistry.chemical_compoundChloroformchemistryOrganic ChemistryPolymer chemistryAmmoniumDegree of associationPhosphoniumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryOniumBenzeneCatalysis

description

Quartare Oniumsalze sind, wie dampfdruckosmometrische Messungen zeigen, in Benzol und Chloroform assoziiert [in Benzol starker (Faktor 4–15) als in Chloroform (Faktor 1.2 – 2.4)]. Im Homogen- und Zweiphasensystem laufen die Modellreaktionen (1) und (2) mit steigendem Assoziationsgrad schneller ab — langsamer im Zweiphasensystem wegen des Wassergehaltes der organischen Phase (Verminderung des Assoziationsgrades). Assoziationsphanomene sind offensichtlich fur die “Katalyse” im Zweiphasensystem wesentlich. Importance of Association Phenomena of Quaternary Onium Salts in the Organic Phase Responsible for the Course of Phase-Transfer-Catalysed Reactions As shown by vapour pressure osmometry quaternary ammonium- and phosphonium salts are associated in benzene and chloroform. [The degree of association is greater in benzene (factor 4–15) than in chloroform (factor 1.2 – 2.4).] The rate of the model reactions (1) and (2) is faster the higher the degree of association; in the two-phase system the rate is however slower due to the water content of the organic phase, which diminishes the association. Association phenomena are obviously essential for the “catalysis” in the two-phase-system.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198019800603