Expansion cone for the 3-inch PMTs of the KM3NeT optical modules

6533b857fe1ef96bd12b46ae

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Expansion cone for the 3-inch PMTs of the KM3NeT optical modules

Adrian-martinez S.as Ageron M.i Aguilar J.a.p Aharonian F.k Aiello S.u Albert A.m Alexandri M.n Ameli M.ac Anassontzis E.g.d Anghinolfi M.w Anton G.l Anvar S.f Ardid M.as Assis Jesus A.am Aubert J.-j.i Bakker R.an Ball A.e.ao Barbarino G.aa Barbarito E.r Barbato F.aa Baret B.c De Bel M.b Belias A.nao Bellou N.ah Berbee E.am Berkien A.am Bersani A.w Bertin V.i Beurthey S.i Biagi S.s Bigongiari C.p Bigourdan B.q Billault M.i De Boer R.am Boer Rookhuizen H.am Bonori M.ad Borghini M.h Bou-cabo M.as Bouhadef B.ab Bourlis G.o Bouwhuis M.am Bradbury S.aj Brown A.i Bruni F.aq Brunner J.i Brunoldi M.w Busto J.i Cacopardo G.x Caillat L.i Calvo Díaz-aldagalán D.p Calzas A.i Canals M.e Capone A.ad Carr J.i Castorina E.ab Cecchini S.s Ceres A.r Cereseto R.w Chaleil Th.f Chateau F.f Chiarusi T.s Choqueuse D.q Christopoulou P.e.o Chronis G.n Ciaffoni O.y Circella M.r Cocimano R.x Cohen F.m Colijn F.ah Coniglione R.x Cordelli M.y Cosquer A.i Costa M.x Coyle P.i Craig J.a Creusot A.c Curtil C.i D'amico A.x Damy G.q De Asmundis R.z De Bonis G.ad Decock G.f Decowski P.am Delagnes E.f De Rosa G.aa Distefano C.x Donzaud C.cat Dornic D.i Dorosti-hasankiadeh Q.ai Drogou J.q Drouhin D.m Druillole F.f Drury L.k Durand D.f Durand G.a.f Eberl T.l Emanuele U.p Enzenhöfer A.l Ernenwein J.-p.i Escoffier S.i Espinosa V.as Etiope G.ae Favali P.ae Felea D.ag Ferri M.as Ferry S.f Flaminio V.ab Folger F.l Fotiou A.ao Fritsch U.l Gajanana D.am Garaguso R.ab Gasparini G.p.h Gasparoni F.aq Gautard V.f Gensolen F.i Geyer K.l Giacomelli G.s Gialas I.o Giordano V.x Giraud J.f Gizani N.o Gleixner A.l Gojak C.i Gómez-gonzález J.p.p Graf K.l Grasso D.ab Grimaldi A.u Groenewegen R.an Guédé Z.q Guillard G.af Guilloux F.f Habel R.y Hallewell G.i Van Haren H.an Van Heerwaarden J.an Heijboer A.am Heine E.am Hernández-rey J.j.p Herold B.l Van De Hoek M.am Hogenbirk J.am Hößl J.l Hsu C.c.am Imbesi M.x Jamieson A.a Jansweijer P.am De Jong M.am Jouvenot F.ak Kadler M.lau Kalantar-nayestanaki N.ai Kalekin O.l Kappes A.l Karolak M.f Katz U.f.l Kavatsyuk O.ai Keller P.i Kiskiras Y.ao Klein R.l Kok H.am Kontoyiannis H.n Kooijman P.bamar Koopstra J.bam Kopper C.amav Korporaal A.am Koske P.ah Kouchner A.c Koutsoukos S.d Kreykenbohm I.l Kulikovskiy V.waw Laan M.an La Fratta C.ae Lagier P.i Lahmann R.l Lamare P.i Larosa G.as Lattuada D.x Leisos A.o Lenis D.o Leonora E.u Le Provost H.f Lim G.b Llorens C.d.an Lloret J.an Löhner H.ai Lo Presti D.v Lotrus P.f Louis F.f Lucarelli F.ad Lykousis V.n Malyshev D.kax Mangano S.p Marcoulaki E.c.al Margiotta A.s Marinaro G.ae Marinelli A.ab Maris O.ag Markopoulos E.ao Markou C.al Martínez-mora J.a.as Martini A.y Marvaldi J.q Masullo R.ad Maurin G.fay Migliozzi P.z Migneco E.x Minutoli S.w Miraglia A.x Mollo C.m.z Mongelli M.r Monmarthe E.f Morganti M.ab Mos S.am Motz H.laz Moudden Y.f Mul G.am Musico P.w Musumeci M.x Naumann Ch.fba Neff M.l Nicolaou C.j Orlando A.x Palioselitis D.am Papageorgiou K.o Papaikonomou A.d Papaleo R.x Papazoglou I.a.al P?v?las G.e.ag Peek H.z.am Perkin J.ap Piattelli P.x Popa V.ag Pradier T.af Presani E.am Priede I.g.a Psallidas A.ao Rabouille C.g Racca C.m Radu A.ag Randazzo N.u Rapidis P.a.al Razis P.j Real D.p Reed C.am Reito S.u Resvanis L.k.dao Riccobene G.x Richter R.l Roensch K.l Rolin J.q Rose J.aj Roux J.i Rovelli A.x Russo A.aa Russo G.v.v Salesa F.p Samtleben D.am Sapienza P.x Schmelling J.-w.am Schmid J.l Schnabel J.l Schroeder K.h Schuller J.-p.f Schussler F.f Sciliberto D.u Sedita M.x Seitz T.l Shanidze R.l Simeone F.ad Siotis I.al Sipala V.t Sollima C.ab Sparnocchia S.h Spies A.l Spurio M.s Staller T.ah Stavrakakis S.n Stavropoulos G.ao Steijger J.am Stolarczyk Th.f Stransky D.l Taiuti M.w Taylor A.k Thompson L.ap Timmer P.am Tonoiu D.ag Toscano S.p Touramanis C.ak Trasatti L.y Traverso P.h Trovato A.x Tsirigotis A.o Tzamarias S.o Tzamariudaki E.al Urbano F.p Vallage B.f Van Elewyck V.c Vannoni G.f Vecchi M.i Vernin P.f Viola S.x Vivolo D.aa Wagner S.l Werneke P.am White R.j.aj Wijnker G.am Wilms J.l De Wolf E.bam Yepes H.p Zhukov V.ao Zonca E.f Zornoza J.d.p Zúñiga J.p

subject

Optical detector readout concepts; Instrument optimisation ; Cherenkov detectors Photomultiplier [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE][PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Instrument optimisation Cherenkov detector Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors 01 natural sciences large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; optical detector readout concepts; cherenkov detectors; instrument optimization.Photocathode law.invention Telescope Optics law 0103 physical sciences Optical detector readout concepts NEUTRINO TELESCOPE 010306 general physics Instrumentation Mathematical Physics Cherenkov radiation Physics 010308 nuclear & particles physics business.industry Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Detector Cherenkov detectors Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Instrument optimization INGENIERIA TELEMATICA Optical detector readout concept [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]KM3NeT Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic Neutrino business PROJECT Cherenkov detector 85.60.Ha Photomultipliers ; phototubes and photocathodes ; 42.15.Dp Wave fronts and ray tracing ; 98.80.-k Cosmology ; 95.55.Vj Neutrino muon pion and other elementary particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors ; 29.40.Ka Cherenkov detectors

description

[EN] Detection of high-energy neutrinos from distant astrophysical sources will open a new window on the Universe. The detection principle exploits the measurement of Cherenkov light emitted by charged particles resulting from neutrino interactions in the matter containing the telescope. A novel multi-PMT digital optical module (DOM) was developed to contain 31 3-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). In order to maximize the detector sensitivity, each PMT will be surrounded by an expansion cone which collects photons that would otherwise miss the photocathode. Results for various angles of incidence with respect to the PMT surface indicate an increase in collection efficiency by 30% on average for angles up to 45 degrees with respect to the perpendicular. Ray-tracing calculations could reproduce the measurements, allowing to estimate an increase in the overall photocathode sensitivity, integrated over all angles of incidence, by 27% (for a single PMT). Prototype DOMs, being built by the KM3NeT consortium, will be equipped with these expansion cones.

year	journal	country	edition	language
2013-03-01

10.1088/1748-0221/8/03/t03006 https://hdl.handle.net/10251/45556