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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Marine tumor vaccine carriers: structure of the molluscan hemocyanins KLH and htH.
Bernhard LiebBenjamin AltenheinUlrich MeissnerJürgen MarklJ. Robin HarrisWolfgang Gebauersubject
Cancer Researchmedicine.medical_treatmentProtein subunitchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaMegathura crenulatacomplex mixturesCancer VaccinesProtein structureAdjuvants ImmunologicmedicineAnimalsHumansProtein Structure QuaternaryPeptide sequencebiologyMolecular masshemic and immune systemsHemocyaninGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationProtein SubunitsOncologyBiochemistryImmunologyHemocyaninsbiology.proteinProtein quaternary structureKeyhole limpet hemocyanindescription
Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is a well-established immune stimulant and hapten carrier, and Haliotis tuberculata hemocyanin (HtH) is a related product. Biologically, KLH and HtH are blue copper proteins which serve as oxygen carriers in the blood of the keyhole limpet Megathura crenulata and the abalone H. tuberculata, respectively, two marine gastropods. Both hemocyanins occur as two distinct isoforms, termed KLH1 KLH2, HtH1, and HtH2. Each of these molecules is based on a very large polypeptide chain, the subunit (molecular mass ca 400 kDa), which is folded into a series of eight globular functional units (molecular mass ca 50 kDa each). Twenty copies of this subunit form a cylindrical quaternary structure (molecular mass ca 8 MDa). This article reviews the recent data on the biosynthesis, quaternary structure, subunit architecture, amino acid sequence, gene structure, and recombinant production of KLH and HtH.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002-01-05 | Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology |