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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Mediterranean diet adherence and synergy with acute myocardial infarction and its determinants: A multicenter case-control study in Italy
La Torre G.Saulle R.Di Murro F.Siliquini R.Firenze A.Maurici M.Mannocci A.Colamesta V.Barilla F.Ferrante F.Agati L.Chiarini M.Rosso A.Gili R.Bert F.Provenzano S.Ferrara C.Bonanno V.Ferraro M.Marsico A.De Carolis G.Cimino S.Petronilli V.Cicogna F.subject
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)MaleMultivariate analysisMediterranean dietTertiary Care CenterMyocardial Infarctionlcsh:MedicineBlood PressureMediterranean030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPathology and Laboratory MedicineDiet MediterraneanVascular MedicineBiochemistryGeographical locationsTertiary Care CentersHabitschemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinology0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicine and Health SciencesSmoking HabitsSurveys and Questionnaire030212 general & internal medicineMyocardial infarctionlcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinarySmokingMiddle AgedEuropeHyperlipidemiaItalyResearch DesignSettore MED/42HypertensionFemaleCase-Control StudieHumanResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyAged; Case-Control Studies; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Risk Factors; Smoking; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tertiary Care Centers; Diet Mediterranean; Patient ComplianceReferralEndocrine DisordersSmoking habitHypercholesterolemiaCardiologyResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsDiagnostic MedicineDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineDiabetes MellitusAged; Case-Control Studies; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Risk Factors; Smoking; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tertiary Care Centers; Diet Mediterranean; Patient Compliance; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)medicineHumansEuropean UnionNutritionAgedBehaviorCholesterolbusiness.industryRisk Factorlcsh:RCase-control studyBiology and Life SciencesFeeding Behaviormedicine.diseaseDietAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)chemistryMetabolic DisordersCase-Control StudiesPatient Compliancelcsh:QPeople and placesbusinessdescription
Background Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in Western countries. The possible synergistic effect of poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) and other risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) such as hypertension, cholesterol, ever smoker, BMI> 25, diabetes, has not been deeply studied. Design Case-control study. Methods Patients with first AMI and controls from four tertiary referral Italian centers were screened for enrolment. Dietary information was collected through a questionnaire and a MD adherence score was calculated. Physical activity and smoking habits were also registered. The Synergy Index was calculated according to Rothman. Results 127 cases and 173 controls were enrolled. The analysis was conducted using a dichotomous variable for the MD score with values ≥7 representing good adherence. Multivariate analysis showed the following variables associated to AMI: ever smoker (OR = 2.08), diabetes (OR = 1.42), hypertension (OR = 2.08), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.47), BMI> 25 (OR = 1.99), while a protective effect emerged both in subjects scoring > 7 on the MD score (OR = 0.55) and in subjects resident of Southern Italy (OR = 0.38). A synergistic effect does exist between poor adherence to the MD and the following risk factors: hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, BMI >25, diabetes and being a resident in central and northern Italy. Conclusion Synergy between heart disease risk factors and MD underlines the need to enlarge the list of known modifiable cardiovascular risk factors to include and promote adherence to Mediterranean dietary habits.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-01-01 | PLOS ONE |