Myoinositol supplementation in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus: effects on glycaemic control and maternal-foetal outcomes.

2022

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy. It is characterized by high risk of adverse outcomes for the mother and the foetus, if not adequately controlled. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of 4000 mg of myoinositol supplementation in women with GDM on maternal-foetal outcomes, compared to controls. Methods A cohort of 330 women with GDM, 150 supplemented with myoinositol and 180 controls were enrolled. Clinical and metabolic parameters and the prevalence of maternal and foetal complications were assessed. Results The same number of women in the two groups started insulin as additional therapy. Women…

Steady‐state solutions of the aerotaxis problem

2022

We study the steady-state system of aerotaxis equations in higher dimensions.It is shown that the existence and multiplicity of solutions depend on the totalmass of the colony of bacteria, the energy function, and the boundary conditions.

Reuse of healing abutments: Ethical, biological and professional training implications

2022

The aim was to estimate the prevalence of reuse of healing abutments, the methods used in disinfection and to analyze the reasons that lead to the reuse of these components by professionals who work in rehabilitation with dental implants.For this, an online data collection was carried out through a questionnaire developed in Google Forms. This questionnaire was applied to 284 specialists in implantology, randomized, of the 1,147 registered in the Regional Council of Dentistry of Rio Grande do Sul. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: the first containing the Free and Informed Consent Form; the second referring to the correspondents' demographic data; and the third part with infor…

Cellular Senescence in Age-Related Diseases: Molecular Bases and Therapeutic Interventions

2022

Due to the increase in life expectancy, the aging population around the globe has been growing significantly and is estimated to triple by 2050 [...]

Particularizing Nonhuman Nature in Stakeholder Theory : The Recognition Approach

2022

AbstractStakeholder theory has grown into one of the most frequent approaches to organizational sustainability. Stakeholder research has provided considerable insight on organization–nature relations, and advanced approaches that consider the intrinsic value of nonhuman nature. However, nonhuman nature is typically approached as an ambiguous, unified entity. Taking nonhumans adequately into account requires greater detail for both grounding the status of nonhumans and particularizing nonhuman entities as a set of potential organizational stakeholders with different characteristics, vulnerabilities, and needs. We utilize the philosophical concept of ‘recognition’ to provide a normative under…

Antimicrobial resistance in patients with odontogenic infections: A systematic scoping review of prospective and experimental studies.

2022

Patients with odontogenic infections are commonly prescribed antimicrobials on an experiential base without knowing the precise microorganisms implicated. The aim of this systematic scoping review is to evaluate the prevalence and proportions of antimicrobial-resistant species in patients with odontogenic infections.A systematic scoping review of scientific evidence was accomplished involving different databases.Eight randomized clinical trials and 13 prospective observational studies were included. These investigations analyzed 1506 patients. The species that showed higher levels of resistance included aerobic and facultative anaerobe such asMost of the microorganisms had resistance to div…

Mucin induces CRISPR-Cas defense in an opportunistic pathogen

2022

It is unknown what circumstances promote particular bacterial defenses against bacterial viruses (phages). Almeida & Hoikkala et al. show that mucin, derived from mucus, greatly accelerates CRISPR-Cas defenses against phage in an opportunistic pathogen. Parasitism by bacteriophages has led to the evolution of a variety of defense mechanisms in their host bacteria. However, it is unclear what factors lead to specific defenses being deployed upon phage infection. To explore this question, we co-evolved the bacterial fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare and its virulent phage V156 in presence and absence of a eukaryotic host signal (mucin) for sixteen weeks. The presence of mucin leads to a …

Synthesis and Structure Elucidation of Novel Spirooxindole Linked to Ferrocene and Triazole Systems via [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction

2022

In the present work, a novel heterocyclic hybrid of a spirooxindole system was synthesized via the attachment of ferrocene and triazole motifs into an azomethine ylide by [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction protocol. The X-ray structure of the heterocyclic hybrid (1″R,2″S,3R)-2″-(1-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonyl)-5-methyl-1″-(ferrocin-2-yl)-1″,2″,5″,6″,7″,7a″-hexahydrospiro[indoline-3,3″-pyrrolizin]-2-one revealed very well the expected structure, by using different analytical tools (FTIR and NMR spectroscopy). It crystallized in the triclinic-crystal system and the P-1-space group. The unit cell p…

Sustainable Value Co-Production and Co-Creation in Virtual Reality: An Exploratory Research on Business-to-Business Interactions

2022

The objective of this study is to identify the environment for business interactions in virtual reality in the value co-production and co-creation process and to understand how such an environment enables the sustainable development of co-creational activities. This paper takes the concepts of value co-production and co-creation and presence and the Actors, Resources, and Activities Model as conceptual references for the exploration of interactions in virtual reality. Using ten in-depth interviews with senior managers, this paper takes an exploratory case analysis perspective. Results show how the sense of presence—level of immersion to which a medium that produces seemingly accurate repres…

Classroom-based physical activity and teachers’ instructions on students’ movement in conventional classrooms and open learning spaces

2022

AbstractAs a result of educational reforms in many countries, including Finland, new or renovated comprehensive schools have increasingly begun to incorporate open and flexible designs and principles. Multipurpose and adaptable open learning spaces can provide children with amplified opportunities to be physically active during general education. Classroom-based physical activity has been associated with better academic-related outcomes and students’ on-task behaviour, while overall physical activity has been associated with better health. In the present study, we investigated the effects of classroom type, gender and grade level on classroom-based physical activity, and the associations be…

Voci di Pasolini. L’uso della voice-over nel teatro e nel cinema di fiction

2022

Nel presente articolo si inizia una ricognizione della voce fuori campo, attribuibile a una figura d’autore, entro due ambiti della produzione di Pasolini: il teatro e il cinema di fiction. Dopo una premessa storica e teorica sulla voce fuori campo, si riflette sulle implicazioni poetiche ed espressive di questo strumento in Affabulazione, Calderón, Uccellacci e uccellini e La sequenza del fiore di carta.

The significance of the social and material environment to place attachment and quality of life: findings from a large population-based health survey

2022

Abstract Background There is an international public health interest in sustainable environments that promote human wellbeing. An individual’s bond to places, understood as place attachment (PA), is an important factor for quality of life (QoL). The material environment, such as access to nature (AtN), access to amenities (AtA), or noise, and the social environment, such as social support or loneliness, has the potential to influence PA. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between these factors and QoL. Methods The study relied on data from 28,047 adults from 30 municipalities in Southern Norway obtained from the Norwegian Counties Public Health Surveys in 2019. Lat…

Geometry of Degeneracy in Potential and Density Space

2022

In a previous work [J. Chem. Phys. 155, 244111 (2021)], we found counterexamples to the fundamental Hohenberg-Kohn theorem from density-functional theory in finite-lattice systems represented by graphs. Here, we demonstrate that this only occurs at very peculiar and rare densities, those where density sets arising from degenerate ground states, called degeneracy regions, touch each other or the boundary of the whole density domain. Degeneracy regions are shown to generally be in the shape of the convex hull of an algebraic variety, even in the continuum setting. The geometry arising between density regions and the potentials that create them is analyzed and explained with examples that, amo…

Cenozoic megatooth sharks occupied extremely high trophic positions.

2022

Trophic position is a fundamental characteristic of animals, yet it is unknown in many extinct species. In this study, we ground-truth the 15N/14N ratio of enameloid-bound organic matter (δ15NEB) as a trophic level proxy by comparison to dentin collagen δ15N and apply this method to the fossil record to reconstruct the trophic level of the megatooth sharks (genus Otodus). These sharks evolved in the Cenozoic, culminating in Otodus megalodon, a shark with a maximum body size of more than 15 m, which went extinct 3.5 million years ago. Very high δ15NEB values (22.9 ± 4.4‰) of O. megalodon from the Miocene and Pliocene show that it occupied a higher trophic level than is known for any marine s…

Meshless Electrophysiological Modeling of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy—Benchmark Analysis with Finite-Element Methods in Experimental Data

2022

Computational models of cardiac electrophysiology are promising tools for reducing the rates of non-response patients suitable for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) by optimizing electrode placement. The majority of computational models in the literature are mesh-based, primarily using the finite element method (FEM). The generation of patient-specific cardiac meshes has traditionally been a tedious task requiring manual intervention and hindering the modeling of a large number of cases. Meshless models can be a valid alternative due to their mesh quality independence. The organization of challenges such as the CRT-EPiggy19, providing unique experimental data as open access, enables b…

La enseñanza inicial de la entonación en instrumentos de viento-metal y lenguaje musical en España. Un estudio exploratorio con profesorado de escuel…

2022

La entonación es probablemente el factor más importante de una buena formación en instrumentos de entonación variable, como los de viento metal. Es una habilidad compleja que compromete aspectos perceptivos y productivos, así como a su coordinación. Debido a diferentes factores, los expertos confirman que no existe una aproximación específica y sistemática a la enseñanza de la entonación en esta familia de instrumentos, al menos comparado con otros aspectos de la interpretación. Este estudio exploratorio es parte de un trabajo de mayor alcance. Su objetivo ha sido identificar la praxis del profesorado de instrumentos de viento-metal y lenguaje musical en los procesos de enseñanza de la ento…

Is There a Direct Link between Sexual Satisfaction and Restrictions during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic?

2022

Background: Research suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions decreased sexual function and satisfaction. The present study examines the direct relationship between sexual satisfaction and restrictions during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in Poland between 3 September 2020 and 18 January 2021. A convenience sample of 1364 adults, aged 18–67 (M = 25.13, SD = 6.45), among whom 62.39% were women, and 23.17% were single, completed anonymous web-based survey. The Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ) and Stringency Index (IS) were used to assess sexual satisfaction and the level of restrictions during the pandemic, res…

Assessing reintroduction outcome: comparison of the juvenile post-fledging dependence period between wild and reintroduced Bonelli’s eagles in two Me…

2022

Abstract Islands are key areas for biodiversity; however, they are extremely sensitive to anthropic actions. This has led to local species extinctions, especially large predators such as raptors. Consequently, reintroduction and conservation projects aimed at reversing population decline of endangered species have recently gained popularity. Nevertheless, their relatively elevated cost and chance of failure make them controversial, hence assessing their effectiveness is essential. Within the early stages of raptors, the post-fledging dependency period (PFDP) is the one in which individuals must face dangers without having completely developed their skills. Thereby, comparing PFDP patterns c…

Ferroni, Roberta / Birello, Marilisa La competenza discorsiva ed interazionale. A lezione di lingua straniera, Aracne, 2020, 368 pp.

2022

Stable isotope and fatty acid analysis reveal the ability of sea cucumbers to use fish farm waste in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture

2022

Stable isotope ratios, carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N), and fatty acids validated the trophic connection between farmed fish in a commercial nearshore fish farm and sea cucumbers in the Mediterranean Sea. This dual tracer approach evaluated organic matter transfer in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) and the ability of sea cucumbers to incorporate fish farm waste (fish faeces and uneaten artificial fish feed) into their tissue. Between October 2018 and September 2019, Holothuria (Roweothuria) poli Delle Chiaje, 1824, co-cultured at IMTA sites directly below one of the commercial fish cage , at 10 m and 25 m from the selected fish cage, and at two reference sites over 800 m from …

Potential Antioxidant and Antiviral Activities of Hydroethanolic Extracts of Selected Lamiaceae Species

2022

Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are potential sources of natural bioactive phytochemical compounds of an incredible worth for the food industry, such as polyphenols. Lamiaceae medicinal and aromatic plants from Granada’s high plateau, concretely Origanum bastetanum, Thymus zygis gracilis, Thymus longiflorus, Thymus membranaceus and Ziziphora hispanica, were evaluated under different conventional solid–liquid extraction conditions to obtain extracts enriched in bioactive compounds. Phenolic profile was detected by HPLC-QTOF-MS, identifying a high abundance of bioactive constituents. Furthermore, antioxidant and antiviral activities of the mentioned plants were studied as biological prop…

The mysterious connection between migraine and dementia: epiphenomenon or causation? Special considerations

2022

Novel insights on [1,2]oxazolo[5,4‐e]isoindoles on multidrug resistant acute myeloid leukemia cell line

2022

A series of [1,2]oxazolo[5,4‐e]isoindole derivatives was evaluated against HL‐60 cell line and its multidrug resistance (MDR) variant, HL‐60R, resistant to doxorubicin and to other P‐gp substrates by overexpressing the efflux pump. They displayed antiproliferative activities, with IC50 values ranging from 0.02 to 5.5μM. In particular, the newly synthesized compound 4k produced synergistic effects in terms of cell growth inhibition and cell death induction either in combination with a Vinca alkaloid, Vinblastine, and a Taxane, Paclitaxel in HL‐60R cells. The study of the mechanism of action indicated that all compounds showed antimitotic activity through inhibition of tubulin polymerization.…

Transcriptional and Epigenetic Response to Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

2022

Background: The links of sedentary behavior and physical activity with health outcomes in children and adolescents is well known. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood.We aimed to synthesize the current knowledge of the association of sedentary behavior and physical activity (acute and chronic effects) with gene expression and epigenetic modifications in children and adolescents. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched until April 2022. A total of 15 articles were eligible for this review. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for Systematic Reviews and/or a mo…

Hypertriton Production in p-Pb Collisions at √sNN =5.02 TeV

2022

The study of nuclei and antinuclei production has proven to be a powerful tool to investigate the formation mechanism of loosely bound states in high-energy hadronic collisions. The first measurement of the production of 3ΛH in p-Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02  TeV is presented in this Letter. Its production yield measured in the rapidity interval −1<0 for the 40% highest-multiplicity p-Pb collisions is dN/dy=[6.3±1.8(stat)±1.2(syst)]×10−7. The measurement is compared with the expectations of statistical hadronization and coalescence models, which describe the nucleosynthesis in hadronic collisions. These two models predict very different yields of the hypertriton in charged particle multiplici…

Using Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Ongoing Psychological Interventions for Emotional Problems in Real- or Close to Real-Time: A Systematic Revi…

2022

Emotional disorders are the most common mental disorders globally. Psychological treatments have been found to be useful for a significant number of cases, but up to 40% of patients do not respond to psychotherapy as expected. Artificial intelligence (AI) methods might enhance psychotherapy by providing therapists and patients with real- or close to real-time recommendations according to the patient’s response to treatment. The goal of this investigation is to systematically review the evidence on the use of AI-based methods to enhance outcomes in psychological interventions in real-time or close to real-time. The search included studies indexed in the electronic databases Scopus, Pubmed, W…

Understanding Categorical Learning in Neural Circuits Through the Primary Olfactory Cortex

2022

Knowing which elements in the environment are associated with various opportunities and dangers is advantageous. A major role of mammalian sensory systems is to provide information about the identity of such elements which can then be used for adaptive action planning by the animal. Identity-tuned sensory representations are categorical, invariant to nuances in the sensory stream and depend on associative learning. Although categorical representations are well documented across several sensory modalities, these tend to situate synaptically far from the sensory organs which reduces experimenter control over input-output transformations. The formation of such representations is a fundamental …

Trophic Requirements of the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus Varies at Different Life Stages: Comprehension of Species Ecology and Implications for E…

2022

Investigations on trophic requirements of different life cycle stages of Paracentrotus lividus are crucial for the comprehension of species ecology and for its artificial rearing. The future success of echinoculture depends heavily on the development of suitable and cost-effective diets that are specifically designed to maximize somatic growth during the early life stages and gonadal production in the later stages. In this context, a considerable number of studies have recommended animal sources as supplements in sea urchin diets. However, with the exception of Fernandez and Boudouresque (2000), no studies have investigated the dietary requirements over the different life stages of the sea …

Autonomous robotic sensing for simultaneous geometric and volumetric inspection of free-form parts

2022

Robotic sensing is used in many sectors to improve the inspection of large and/or complex parts, enhancing data acquisition speed, part coverage and inspection reliability. Several automated or semi-automated solutions have been proposed to enable the automated deployment of specific types of sensors. The trajectory to be followed by a robotic manipulator is typically obtained through the offline programmed tool paths for the inspection of a part. This method is acceptable for a part with known geometry in a well-structured and controlled environment. The part undergoing assessment needs to be precisely registered with respect to the robot reference system. It implies the need for a setup p…

DESIGN OF SF3B1 SUBUNIT MODULATORS OF THE SF3B SPLICEOSOME COMPLEX

2022

The subject of this dissertation is the search for new therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer and aims to implement a Drug Discovery process for the rational design and synthesis of molecules active in the modulation of pathways related to the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing process. This research project is the result of a joint PhD between the University of Palermo, Italy, and the Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. It integrates complementary skills in pharmaceutical chemistry and translational cancer research with a special focus on the rational design of new anticancer compounds potentially active on SF3B1 (Splicing Factor 3B …

Suojeltujen soiden potentiaali luontohaittojen hyvittämisessä on hiipumassa?

2022

Ekologiset kompensaatiot ovat keino, jonka avulla voidaan estää kokonaisheikennyksen syntymistä luonnolle. Kompensaation tarve luonnon monimuotoisuuden köyhtymisen pysäyttämiseksi on tunnistettu kansainvälisesti ja sittemmin myös Suomessa luonnon-suojelulain toimivuusarvioinnissa (kts. hallituksen esityksen luonnos, Valtioneuvosto 2021). Alue ja Ympäristö -lehdessä julkaistu tutkimuksemme ”Ekologisten haittojen hyvittäminen suojelualueita ennallistamalla” (Mustajärvi ym. 2019) tarkasteli jo aiemmin suojeltujen, mutta ihmistoiminnan heikentämien alueiden soveltumista kompensaatiossa tarvittavien luontohyötyjen tuottamiseen. Sen keskeisenä tavoitteena oli selvittää, voidaanko jo aiemmin suoje…

The SDGS and Human Rights Key Instruments in the Response and Recovery from the Pandemic

2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is a valuable opportunity to draw a series of important lessons that may be key to turning the tide and laying the foundations to face the new and unprecedented challenges that humanity will face in the coming years. After analysing the differences between this crisis and the two previous ones experienced in the 21st century, a series of lessons that should be considered stand out. Next, the Sustainable Development Goals and Human Rights are presented as key instruments to guide the construction of a new model that leaves no one behind and increases our resilience. Finally, it concludes by collecting a series of theoretical reflections that could be used as a methodolo…

Exclusive production of light vector mesons at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture

2022

Exclusive production of light vector mesons in deep inelastic scattering is calculated at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture in the limit of high photon virtuality. The resulting expression is free of any divergences and suitable for numerical evaluations. The higher-order corrections are found to be numerically important, but they can be mostly captured by the nonperturbative fit parameters describing the initial condition for the small-$x$ evolution of the dipole scattering amplitude. The vector meson production cross section is shown to depend only weakly on the meson distribution amplitude and the factorization scale. We also present phenomenological comparisons of our result t…

Improving the Seismic Response of Tall Buildings: From Diagrid to Megastructures and Mega-Subcontrol Systems

2022

Background: Diagrid structures, widely used for the tall buildings of the third millennium, are characterized by a very effective behaviour in the elastic field due to the grid triangulation. In particular, under horizontal actions, axial forces and deformations mainly arise in the structural members of the diagrid, thus resulting in the reduction of the shear lag effect and racking deformations. The response to incremental horizontal actions beyond the plastic threshold, however, shows a poor plastic redistribution capacity, with consequent low values of global ductility, in spite of a significant design overstrength. Objective: In this paper, it is proposed to exploit the high elastic ef…

La préprofessionnalisation Les élèves de CAP : quelles modifications des trajectoires scolaires en 20 ans ?aux métiers de l’enseignement : un disposi…

2022

International audience

Ongelmaeläimyyden monet ja muuttuvat määrittelyt

2022

Suomeen 1900-luvun puolivälin paikkeilla levinnyt supikoira (Nyctereutes procyonoides) on herättänyt monenlaista huolta ja keskustelua yhteiskunnan eri tasoilla ja ryhmittymissä. Supikoirakannan vähentämiselle löytyy vähän vastustajia, mutta osalle tämä keskikokoinen nisäkäs näyttää olevan niin iso ongelma, että supikoirapuhe saa paikoin raivokkaita sävyjä. Tarkastelen tässä tutkimuksessa keskustelun ongelmaeläinkäsityksiä kehysanalyysillä. Käytän uusstrukturalistiseen kehikkoon sijoittuvassa tarkastelussa sanomalehtien supikoirakirjoituksia aikaväliltä 1970–2020, jolle sijoittuu myös rakennemuutosten ja ympäristöheräämisen kaltaisia suomalaista yhteiskuntaa ja sen ympäristösuhdetta uudelle…