Search results for " (PCOS)"

showing 10 items of 16 documents

Insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism drive steatosis and fibrosis risk in young females with PCOS

2017

Background and aims Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) recognize obesity and insulin resistance (IR) as common pathogenic background. We assessed 1) whether PCOS is a risk factor for steatosis, and 2) the impact, in PCOS patients, of IR and hyperandrogenism on steatosis and fibrosis. Methods We considered 202 consecutive Italian PCOS nondiabetic patients and 101 age-matched controls. PCOS was diagnosed applying the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. Steatosis was diagnosed if hepatic steatosis index (HSI) >36, while fibrosis by using the FIB-4 score. As surrogate estimate of insulin sensitivity we considered the insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Free an…

0301 basic medicineSteatosisendocrine system diseasesPhysiologylcsh:MedicinePathology and Laboratory MedicineBiochemistryBody Mass IndexCytopathology0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseMedicine and Health SciencesInsulinlcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinaryLiver DiseasesFatty liverMiddle AgedPolycystic ovaryLipidsCholesterolOncologyPhysiological Parameters030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalePolycystic Ovary SyndromeResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGastroenterology and Hepatology03 medical and health sciencesInsulin resistanceInternal medicinemedicineHumansObesityRisk factorTriglyceridesDiabetic Endocrinologybusiness.industryFree androgen indexHyperandrogenismCholesterol HDLBody Weightlcsh:RCancers and NeoplasmsBiology and Life Sciencesmedicine.diseaseFibrosisHormonesFatty Liver030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyAnatomical Pathologylcsh:QSteatosisInsulin ResistancebusinessHyperandrogenismGynecological TumorsDevelopmental Biologyinsulin resistance PCOS
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Effects of a ketogenic diet in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

2019

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women during reproductive age. It is characterised clinically by oligo-ovulation or anovulation, hyper-androgenism, and the presence of polycystic ovaries. It is associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The onset of PCOS has been associated to several hereditary and environmental factors, but insulin resistance plays a key pathogenetic role. We sought to investigate the effects of a ketogenic diet (KD) on women of childbearing age with a diagnosis of PCOS. Methods Fourteen overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS underwent to a ketoge…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyLow carbohydrate dietlcsh:Medicine030209 endocrinology & metabolismType 2 diabetesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyBody Mass IndexAnovulation03 medical and health sciencesFollicle-stimulating hormoneHyperinsulinemia0302 clinical medicineSex hormone-binding globulinInsulin resistanceInternal medicinemedicinePCOSHumansInsulin030109 nutrition & dieteticsbiologybusiness.industryHyperinsulinemia Ketogenic diet Ketone bodies LCKD Low carbohydrate diet Overweight PCOSResearchlcsh:Rnutritional and metabolic diseasesGeneral MedicineLuteinizing HormoneOverweightKetogenic dietmedicine.diseaseLCKDPolycystic ovaryEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Hyperinsulinemia; Ketogenic diet; Ketone bodies; LCKD; Low carbohydrate diet; Overweight; PCOSbiology.proteinLean body massKetone bodiesFemaleMetabolic syndromeInsulin ResistancebusinessDiet KetogenicSettore M-EDF/01 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' MotoriePolycystic Ovary SyndromeJournal of translational medicine
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Endothelial dysfunction in PCOS. role of obesity and adipose hormones

2006

PURPOSE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely prevalent disorder in which elevated blood markers of cardiovascular risk and altered endothelial function have been found. This study was designed to determine if abnormal carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in young women with PCOS may be explained by insulin resistance and elevated adipocytokines. METHODS: A prospective study in 50 young women with PCOS (age: 25.2 +/- 1 years; body mass index [BMI]: 28.7 +/- 0.8) and 50 matched ovulatory controls (age: 25.1 +/- 0.7 years; BMI: 28.5 +/- 0.5) was performed. Carotid IMT, brachial FMD, and blood for fasting glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponect…

AdultBlood Glucosemedicine.medical_specialtyinsulinBrachial ArteryendotheliumPeptide Hormonesmedicine.medical_treatmentAdipokineleptinBody Mass IndexInsulin resistanceInternal medicineAdipocytesmedicineBody Fat DistributionHumansResistinObesityProspective Studiescardiovascular diseasesEndothelial dysfunctionAdiponectinadiponectinbusiness.industryInsulinLeptinpcosEndothelial dysfunction in PCOS: role of obesity and adipose hormones.nutritional and metabolic diseasesGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseasePolycystic ovaryVasodilationCarotid ArteriesEndocrinologyCase-Control Studiespcos; endothelium; insulin; adiponectin; leptincardiovascular systemCytokinesFemaleResistinEndothelium VascularInsulin ResistanceTunica IntimaTunica MediabusinessBlood Flow VelocityPolycystic Ovary Syndrome
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Increasing adiposity in normal ovulatory women affects adipocytokine expression in subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat

2008

Abstract Objective To determine which adipocytokines are differentially expressed as a function of body mass index (BMI), to compare expression of adipocytokines in abdominal subcutaneous and omental fat, and to correlate these findings with serum levels, BMI, and parameters of insulin resistance. Methods Serum and subcutaneous (sc) and omental (om) tissue were obtained from lean and obese ovulatory women undergoing gynecologic surgery. We determined adipocytokine expression in sc versus om abdominal fat and related this to increasing BMI. Results Serum leptin was higher and adiponectin lower in overweight subjects. Adipocytokines had higher expression in sc abdominal versus om adipose tiss…

AdultOvulationmedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAdipokineAdipose tissueIntra-Abdominal FatOverweightBody Mass IndexSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaInsulin resistanceAdipokinesADIPONECTIN OBESITY LEPTIN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PCOS HYPERANDROGENISMInternal medicineHumansMedicineAdiposityAdiponectinbusiness.industryLeptinnutritional and metabolic diseasesObstetrics and GynecologyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSettore MED/40 - Ginecologia E OstetriciaObesitySubcutaneous Fat AbdominalEndocrinologyCase-Control StudiesFemaleInsulin Resistancemedicine.symptombusinessBody mass indexhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsInternational Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
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Metformin modulates human leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions and proinflammatory cytokines in polycystic ovary syndrome patients

2015

Abstract Objective We aim to assess the effect of metformin treatment on metabolic parameters, endothelial function and inflammatory markers in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) subjects. Methods The study population consisted of 40 reproductive-age women with PCOS, who underwent treatment with metformin during a 12-week period, and their corresponding matched controls (n = 44). We evaluated endocrinological parameters, adhesion molecules (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin) and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)) in serum. In addition, interactions between human umbili…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentendocrine system diseasesEndotheliumType 2 diabetesProinflammatory cytokineYoung AdultInsulin resistanceInternal medicineCell AdhesionHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsLeukocytesmedicineHumansLeukocyte RollingEndothelium Leukocyte Metformin Mitochondria PCOS Type 2 diabetesCells CulturedCell adhesion moleculebusiness.industryEndothelial Cellsnutritional and metabolic diseasesmedicine.diseasePolycystic ovaryCoculture TechniquesMetforminMetforminEndothelial stem cellTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2SpainCytokinesFemaleInflammation MediatorsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessCell Adhesion MoleculesBiomarkersPolycystic Ovary Syndromemedicine.drugAtherosclerosis
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Semaglutide reduces fat accumulation in the tongue: A randomized single-blind, pilot study

2021

Abstract Aim We evaluated the effect of the latest GLP-1 RA semaglutide on tongue fat storage in obese women. Design. We conducted a randomized single-blind, pilot study. Methods Twenty-five obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (33.7 ± 5.3 years, body mass index (BMI) 36.1 ± 3.9 kg/m2, mean ± SD) were randomized to semaglutide 1.0 mg or placebo for 16 weeks. We quantified tongue volume and its fat tissue and fat proportion by magnetic resonance imaging. Results Tongue fat tissue and fat proportion significantly reduced after semaglutide vs placebo (-1.94 ± 5.51 vs. + 3.12 ± 4.87 cm3, p = 0.022, and −0.02 ± 0.07 vs. 0.04 ± 0.06, p = 0.010, respectively). Correlation analysis rev…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyWaistEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismGlucagon-Like PeptidesAdipose tissuePilot ProjectsPlaceboGastroenterologyEndocrinologyDouble-Blind MethodTongueTongueInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansSingle-Blind MethodObesityGlucagon like peptide-1 receptor Obesity PCOS Semaglutide Tongue fat Adult Double-Blind Method Female Glucagon-Like Peptides Humans Obesity Pilot Projects Single-Blind Method Adiposity TongueAdipositybusiness.industrySemaglutideGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseObesityPolycystic ovarymedicine.anatomical_structureFemalebusinessBody mass index
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Uterine effects of metformin administration in anovulatory women with polycystic ovary sindrome

2006

Background Metformin has been shown to improve fertility in anovulatory patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), inducing not only a high ovulation and pregnancy rate but also reducing the incidence of miscarriages. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the uterine effects of metformin in patients with PCOS who ovulated under metformin. Methods Thirty-seven non-obese primary infertile anovulatory patients with PCOS and another 30 age- and body mass index-matched healthy women (control group) were studied. PCOS patients were treated with metformin (850 mg twice daily) for 6 months, whereas the control group did not receive any treatment. In these PCOS patients who ovulated whil…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesPhysiologymedia_common.quotation_subjectUterusEndometriumFertility AgentsAnovulationEndometriumanovulation; endometrium; metforminMenstruation-Inducing AgentUltrasoundmedicinePCOSHumansOvulationFertility Agentmedia_commonGynecologyMenstruation-Inducing Agentsbusiness.industryRehabilitationUterusanovulation endometrium metformin PCOS ultrasoundnutritional and metabolic diseasesObstetrics and Gynecologymedicine.diseasePolycystic ovaryfemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsMetforminMetforminPregnancy ratemedicine.anatomical_structureUteruReproductive MedicineIn uteroRegional Blood FlowFemalebusinessmedicine.drugAnovulationHumanPolycystic Ovary SyndromeDevelopmental Biology
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Uterine effects of clomiphene citrate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective controlled study

2006

Background Previous data on the efficacy of clomiphene citrate, the most commonly used drug for treating anovulatory infertility in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), have shown a discrepancy between ovulation and pregnancy rates. In the present subanalysis (of a larger previously published randomized controlled trial), the effect of clomiphene citrate on several ultrasonographic markers of uterine receptivity in PCOS patients who ovulated under treatment was studied. Methods Thirty-three PCOS women who ovulated under 150 mg daily clomiphene citrate and 33 healthy controls were studied. Uterine, subendometrial and endometrial blood flows, endometrial thickness and pattern were …

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectEarly Pregnancy LossUterusanovulation; clomiphene citrate; Doppler; PCOS; velocimetryBiologyClomiphenelaw.inventionAnovulationRandomized controlled trialPregnancyReference ValueslawClomifeneclomiphene citratemedicinePCOSHumansOvulationUltrasonographymedia_commonGynecologyPregnancyvelocimetryObstetricsRehabilitationEstrogen AntagonistsPregnancy OutcomeDopplerObstetrics and GynecologyGenitalia Femalemedicine.diseasePolycystic ovaryTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureReproductive Medicinepolycystic ovary syndromeanovulationFemalemedicine.drug
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Metabolic and cardiopulmonary effects of detraining after a structured exercise training programme in young PCOS women

2008

Summary Objective  The aim of the present study was to determine if the favourable cardiopulmonary and metabolic benefits induced by exercise training (ET) programme are maintained after its cessation. Patients  Thirty-two young overweight polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women matched for age and body mass index (BMI) with other 32 PCOS patients was enrolled. The first group [PCOS-T (trained)] underwent 24-week ET programme, whereas the second [PCOS-DT (detrained)] underwent 12-week ET programme followed by 12-week detraining period. Methods  At baseline, after 12- and 24-week follow-up, all PCOS women were studied for their hormonal (ovarian and adrenal androgens), metabolic (glucose and …

Blood GlucoseSettore MED/09 - Medicina Internaendocrine system diseasescardiopulmonary effectsEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentOverweightSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaBody Mass IndexEndocrinologyInsulinmedicine.diagnostic_testVO2 maxPCOS womenPolycystic ovaryfemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsRespiratory Function TestsCholesterolHeart Function Testspolicystic ovary syndromeFemalemedicine.symptomPhysical exercise training cardiovascular function pulmonary function PCOS hyperandrogenism insulin resistanceSettore M-EDF/01 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' MotoriePolycystic Ovary Syndromemedicine.medical_specialtyexercise training programmeLipoproteinsPhysical exerciseOxygen ConsumptionInternal medicinemedicineHumansExercise physiologyExerciseTriglyceridescardiopulmonary functionbusiness.industryInsulinMetabolic effects; cardiopulmonary effects; exercise training programme; PCOS womennutritional and metabolic diseasesOverweightCardiovascular riskSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato CardiovascolareMetabolic effectsEndocrinologystructured exercise training programmebusinessLipid profileBody mass index
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Assessment of cardiovascular risk and prevention of cardiovascular disease in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a consensus statement of the Andr…

2010

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often have cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (AE-PCOS) Society created a panel to provide evidence-based reviews of studies assessing PCOS-CVD risk relationships and to develop guidelines for preventing CVD. Participants: An expert panel in PCOS and CVD reviewed literature and presented recommendations. Evidence: Only studies comparing PCOS with control patients were included. All electronic databases were searched; reviews included individual studies/databases, systematic reviews, abstracts, and expert data. Articles were excluded if other hyperandrogenic disorders were not excluded, PCOS…

Cardiovascular risk PCOS insulin resistance metabolic syndromeSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato CardiovascolareSettore MED/40 - Ginecologia E OstetriciaSettore MED/13 - Endocrinologia
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