Search results for " AGI"

Serum ionized magnesium in diabetic older persons

2014

Objective. Several alterations of magnesium metabolism have been associated with type 2 diabetes pathophysiology, a condition particularly frequent in older persons. We aimed to evaluate serum total (Mg-tot) and serum ionized magnesium (Mg-ion) in older persons with type 2 diabetes in order to explore clinically applicable methods for the detection of magnesium deficit. Material/Methods: Mg-tot and Mg-ion were measured in 105 fasting subjects with type 2 diabetes (mean age: 71.10.8 years; M/F: 45/60) and in 100 age-matched non-diabetic control persons (mean age: 72.20.8 years; M/F: 42/58). Results: Mg-ion concentrations were significantly lower in diabetic persons compared with controls (…

FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF OLDER PERSONS: ROLE OF COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT IN GERIATRIC ONCOLOGY

2010

Collecting evidence for a stem cell hypothesis in HCC.

2010

Ever since Ernest McCulloch and James E Till defined essential stem cell properties, the field of stem cell biology has attracted increasing interest.1 Manipulating embryonic stem cells has resulted in advanced genetic technologies such as knock-out and transgenic animals, providing valuable models to study genetic influence on a wide variety of diseases.2 The success in manipulating stem cells and the ability to differentiate them into diverse tissues brought with them countless concepts of utilising stem cells in medicine. The idea of perpetually dividing pluripotent cells, capable of differentiating into nearly every possible cell or tissue type, seems like an inexhaustible resource for …

Early Vascular Aging in Normotensive Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2015

Connective tissue diseases, like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), are associated with early and accelerated atherosclerosis. Recently, the concept of “early vascular aging” (EVA) has been more widely accepted. Aortic stiffness is one of the important markers of EVA. We evaluated EVA and subclinical atherosclerosis, by measuring aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) and carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT), in 50 normotensive patients with SLE (mean age: 39 ± 12 years). We compared these participants with 50 age- and sex-matched patients with essential hypertension (EH) and 20 healthy controls. Each participant underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), aPWV, and cIMT me…

Computed tomography detects changes in contrast agent diffusion after collagen cross-linking typical to natural aging of articular cartilage

2011

SummaryObjectiveThe effect of threose-induced collagen cross-linking on the mechanical and diffusive properties of cartilage was investigated in vitro. In particular, we investigated the potential of Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) to detect changes in articular cartilage after increased collagen cross-linking, which is an age-related phenomenon.MethodsOsteochondral plugs (Ø=6.0mm, n=28) were prepared from intact bovine patellae (n=7). Two of the four adjacent samples, prepared from each patella, were treated with threose to increase the collagen cross-linking, while the other two specimen served as paired controls. One sample pair was mechanically tested and then mechanically …

The association between the Mediterranean diet and magnetic resonance parameters for knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

2018

The Mediterranean diet appears to be beneficial for osteoarthritis (OA), but the few data available regarding the association between the diet and the condition are limited to X-ray and clinical findings. The current study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and knee cartilage morphology, assessed using magnetic resonance (MRI) in a cohort of North American participants. Seven hundred eighty-three participants in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (59.8% females; mean age 62.3 years) in possession of a MRI assessment (a coronal 3D FLASH with Water Excitation MR sequence of the right knee) were enrolled in our cross-sectional study. Adherence to the Me…

Assessing Chronological Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2012

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most studied model organisms for the identification of genes and mechanisms that affect aging. The chronological lifespan (CLS) assay, which monitors the survival of a non-dividing population, is one of the two methods to study aging in yeast. To eliminate potential artifacts and identify genes and signaling pathways that may also affect aging in higher eukaryotes, it is important to determine CLS by multiple methods. Here, we describe these methods as well as the assays to study macromolecular damage during aging in yeast, with a focus on genomic instability.

Acetic acid and acidification accelerate chronological and replicative aging in yeast

2012

Yeast is widely regarded as one of the most valuable model systems to study aging and particularly the genetics of aging. Researchers have established two different methods to study yeast aging known as the replicative lifespan (RLS) and the chronological lifespan (CLS). These have led to the identification of many mammalian genes that affect aging suggesting that they will continue to shed light on the fundamental biology of aging. In spite of the clear differences underpinning the mitotic cellular potential (RLS) and the survival in the non-dividing mode (CLS), the two models are clearly regulated by partly overlapping regulatory mechanism. This idea is supported by the observation that c…

Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

2014

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of endocrine pancreas β cells by T lymphocytes, for which genetic and environmental risk factors have been proposed. Patients require daily infusions of recombinant insulin to overcome the reduced production by their own cells, but there is an increasing demand for a permanent and efficient supplementation which could better modulate the need for the hormone during the normal activities. For this reason, transplant-based therapeutic models have been proposed such as whole organ transplantation and Langerhans islets transplantation. These techniques are limited by many factors such as the lack of donors, the risks linked to t…

Subtle Changes in Clonal Dynamics Underlie the Age-Related Decline in Neurogenesis

2017

SUMMARYNeural stem cells in the adult murine brain have only a limited capacity to self-renew, and the number of neurons they generate drastically declines with age. How cellular dynamics sustain neurogenesis and how alterations with age may result in this decline, are both unresolved issues. Therefore, we clonally traced neural stem cell lineages using confetti reporters in young and middle-aged adult mice. To understand underlying mechanisms, we derived mathematical population models of adult neurogenesis that explain the observed clonal cell type abundances. Models fitting the data best consistently show self renewal of transit amplifying progenitors and rapid neuroblast cell cycle exit.…