Search results for " Acceleration"

showing 10 items of 97 documents

Propagation and stability of relativistic jets

2020

A simple look at the steady high-energy Universe reveals a clear correlation with outflows generated around compact objects (winds and jets). In the case of relativistic jets, they are thought to be produced as a consequence of the extraction of rotational energy from a Kerr black hole (Blandford-Znajek), or from the disc (Blandford-Payne). A fraction of the large energy budget provided by accretion and/or black hole rotational energy is invested into jet formation. After formation, the acceleration and collimation of these outflows allow them to propagate to large distances away from the compact object. The synchrotron cooling times demand that re-acceleration of particles takes place alon…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsJet (fluid)Radio galaxyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsCompact starRotational energyBlack holeParticle accelerationRotating black holeAstrophysical jetAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsProceedings of High Energy Phenomena in Relativistic Outflows VII — PoS(HEPRO VII)
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Radio emission of SN1993J. The complete picture: II. Simultaneous fit of expansion and radio light curves

2010

We report on a simultaneous modelling of the expansion and radio light curves of SN1993J. We have developed a simulation code capable of generating synthetic expansion and radio light curves of supernovae by taking into consideration the evolution of the expanding shock, magnetic fields, and relativistic electrons, as well as the finite sensitivity of the interferometric arrays used in the observations. Our software successfully fits all the available radio data of SN 1993J with an standard emission model for supernovae extended with some physical considerations, as an evolution in the opacity of the ejecta material, a radial drop of the magnetic fields inside the radiating region, and a ch…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsOpacityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaContinuum (design consultancy)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsLight curveGalaxyMagnetic fieldParticle accelerationSupernovaSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsEjectaAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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Cosmological waveguides for gravitational waves

1997

We study the linearized equations describing the propagation of gravitational waves through dust. In the leading order of the WKB approximation, dust behaves as a non-dispersive, non-dissipative medium. Taking advantage of these features, we explore the possibility that a gravitational wave from a distant source gets trapped by the gravitational field of a long filament of galaxies of the kind seen in the large scale structure of the Universe. Such a waveguiding effect may lead to a huge magnification of the radiation from distant sources, thus lowering the sensitivity required for a successful detection of gravitational waves by detectors like VIRGO, LIGO and LISA.

High Energy Physics - TheoryPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsGravitational-wave observatoryGravitational waveSpeed of gravityFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGravitational accelerationGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyLIGOGravitational energyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Gravitational fieldGravitational redshiftPhysical Review D
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Architecture-Driven Level Set Optimization: From Clustering to Sub-pixel Image Segmentation

2016

Thanks to their effectiveness, active contour models (ACMs) are of great interest for computer vision scientists. The level set methods (LSMs) refer to the class of geometric active contours. Comparing with the other ACMs, in addition to subpixel accuracy, it has the intrinsic ability to automatically handle topological changes. Nevertheless, the LSMs are computationally expensive. A solution for their time consumption problem can be hardware acceleration using some massively parallel devices such as graphics processing units (GPUs). But the question is: which accuracy can we reach while still maintaining an adequate algorithm to massively parallel architecture? In this paper, we attempt to…

Level set methodComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesInitialization02 engineering and technology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingLevel setgraphics processing units0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLevel set methodComputer visionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCluster analysisMassively parallelimage segmentation021101 geological & geomatics engineeringActive contour modelhybrid CPU-GPU architecturebusiness.industryImage segmentationSubpixel renderingComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionControl and Systems EngineeringHardware acceleration020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingSoftwareInformation Systems
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Effect of pseudo-gravitational acceleration on the dissolution rate of miscible drops

2017

The effect of pseudo-gravitational acceleration on the dissolution process of two phase miscible systems has been investigated at high acceleration values using a spinning drop tensiometer with three systems: 1-butanol/water, isobutyric acid/water, and triethylamine/water. We concluded that the dissolution process involves at least three different transport phenomena: diffusion, barodiffusion, and gravitational (buoyancy-driven) convection. The last two phenomena are significantly affected by the centrifugal acceleration acting at the interface between the two fluids, and the coupling with the geometry of the dissolving drop leads to a change of the mass flux during the course of the dissol…

Mass fluxConvectionMaterials scienceBuoyancyApplied MathematicsDrop (liquid)General Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsStatistical and Nonlinear Physics02 engineering and technologyengineering.material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGravitational acceleration01 natural sciencesOrganic compounds Equipment and apparatus Mass diffusion Gravity waves G factorMass transfer0103 physical sciencesengineering010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyTransport phenomenaDissolutionMathematical PhysicsSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaChaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science
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Effects of Kinesiotape® taping on plantar pressure and impact acceleration during walking

2014

Summary Objectives The aim of this study was to analyse the plantar pressure pattern, contact time, stride rate and impact acceleration in the shank during walking with and without Kinesio Tape (KT®) placed on two muscle groups: peroneus and triceps surae. Methods Among the subjects, 29 (12 men, 17 women) participated in the study. KT® was placed on the triceps surae and peroneus and participants walked at two different speeds (V1: 0.73 m/s; V2: 1.30 m/s) with and without KT®. The pedobarographic system Biofoot IBV® 6.0 was used to analyse plantar pressure (mean peak pressure [kPa]) in 5 foot areas and the kinematic variables of the study (contact time [s]; stride rate [steps/second]). One …

Medial partmedicine.medical_specialtyImpact accelerationbusiness.industryPlantar pressureSignificant differenceSTRIDEKinematicsEntrenament (Esport)Accelerometerbody regionsPhysical medicine and rehabilitationPhysical therapyMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineKinesiotapebusinesshuman activitiesScience & Sports
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Dust Production and Particle Acceleration in Supernova 1987A Revealed with ALMA

2013

Supernova (SN) explosions are crucial engines driving the evolution of galaxies by shock heating gas, increasing the metallicity, creating dust, and accelerating energetic particles. In 2012 we used the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array to observe SN 1987A, one of the best-observed supernovae since the invention of the telescope. We present spatially resolved images at 450um, 870um, 1.4mm, and 2.8mm, an important transition wavelength range. Longer wavelength emission is dominated by synchrotron radiation from shock-accelerated particles, shorter wavelengths by emission from the largest mass of dust measured in a supernova remnant (>0.2Msun). For the first time we show unambig…

MetallicityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesSynchrotron radiationAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsSubmillimeter ArrayEARLY UNIVERSEindividual (1987A) [supernovae]Magellanic CloudsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsEjectaSupernova remnantSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsQBHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsISM [galaxies]supernova remnants [ISM]Astronomy and AstrophysicsOPTICAL-PROPERTIESHUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPEAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesEVOLUTIONGalaxyParticle accelerationEJECTASupernovaPhysics and AstronomyAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)REVERSE SHOCKREMNANTAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsEMISSIONAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMASSIVE STARSSN 1987A
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Characterization of MEMS accelerometer self-noise by means of PSD and Allan Variance analysis

2017

In this paper, we have studied the sources of error of a low-cost 3-axis MEMS accelerometer by means of Power Spectral Density and Allan Variance techniques. These techniques were applied to the signals acquired from ten identical devices to characterize the variability of the sensor produced by the same manufacturer. Our analysis showed as identically produced accelerometer have somehow variable behavior in particular at low frequency. It is therefore of paramount importance before their use in Inertial Navigation or Earthquakes Monitoring System, a complete characterization of each single sensors.

Microelectromechanical systemsEngineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesbusiness.industrySpectral densityLow frequency010502 geochemistry & geophysicsAccelerometer01 natural sciencesCharacterization (materials science)AccelerationSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaElectronic engineeringAllan varianceAccelerometers Micromechanical devices Standards Earthquakes Acceleration Monitoring Inertial navigationbusinessInertial navigation system0105 earth and related environmental sciences2017 7th IEEE International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces (IWASI)
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Efficient smart-camera accelerator: A configurable motion estimator dedicated to video codec

2013

Smart cameras are used in a large range of applications. Usually the smart cameras transmit the video or/and extracted information from the video scene, frequently on compressed format to fit with the application requirements. An efficient hardware accelerator that can be adapted and provide the required coding performances according to the events detected in the video, the available network bandwidth or user requirements, is therefore a key element for smart camera solutions. We propose in this paper to focus on a key part of the compression system: motion estimation. We have developed a flexible hardware implementation of the motion estimator based on FPGA component, fully compatible with…

Motion compensationHardware and ArchitectureComputer scienceMotion estimationReal-time computingHardware accelerationCodecSmart cameraField-programmable gate arraySoftwareQuarter-pixel motionBlock-matching algorithmJournal of Systems Architecture
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FUZZY TCP: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

2002

Implementing efficient TCP for the Internet necessarily has to cope with the problem that the source does not know in advance which window allocation policy should be the best to use for a given network condition. In this paper, an on-line adaptive fuzzy system is used at the source in an objective to find the best possible weighted combination among the available policies.

Network congestionMathematical optimizationEngineeringTCP accelerationbusiness.industryDistributed computingHSTCPZeta-TCPTCP tuningTCP delayed acknowledgmentbusinessCommunications protocolFuzzy logicIFAC Proceedings Volumes
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